Presentation of Kidney Disease

Question 1

how does kidney disease often present?

Answer 1

asymptomatic

finding on tests

Question 2

what develops if the kidneys are unable to excrete urea?

Answer 2

uraemia

this is life threatening

Question 3

name two symptoms uraemia may present with

Answer 3

nausea

anorexia

Question 4

name three complications of uraemia that a patient may present with?

Answer 4

pericarditis
encephalopathy
neuropathy

Question 5

name five drugs commonly implicated in kidney disease

Answer 5

antihypertensives 
NSAIDs
antibiotics 
PPI
contrast

Question 6

what antihypertensives can cause problems with the kidneys?

Answer 6

ACEi
ARBs
diuretics

Question 7

what antibiotics can cause problems with the kidneys?

Answer 7

gentamicin
trimethoprim
penicillin’s

Question 8

what is accelerated hypertension?

Answer 8

a medical emergency where diastolic BP is >120

Question 9

what is the best measure of kidney function?

Answer 9

GFR

Question 10

what are the two types of CKD?

Answer 10

stable

progressive

Question 11

what is oliguria?

Answer 11

<400ml urine/day

Question 12

what triad of features is present in nephrotic syndrome?

Answer 12

proteinuria
hyperalbuminaemia
oedema

Question 13

what causes nephrotic syndrome?

Answer 13

glomerular disease