Anatomy - Urinary Continence and Renal System Pain Flashcards

1
Q

what are the five nerve fibre modalities?

A
somatic sensory 
visceral afferent 
somatic motor 
parasympathetic 
sympathetic
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2
Q

what are the two sensory nerve modalities?

A

somatic sensory

visceral afferent

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3
Q

what are the three motor nerve modalities?

A

somatic motor
parasympathetic
sympathetic

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4
Q

what do somatic sensory nerves carry?

A

sensations from the body wall

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5
Q

what do visceral afferent nerves carry?

A

sensations from the organs

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6
Q

what do somatic motor nerves carry?

A

motor responses to the body wall

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7
Q

what do parasympathetic and sympathetic fibres carry?

A

motor responses to the organs

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8
Q

what nerves control ureteric peristalsis?

A

autonomics

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9
Q

what nerves control bladder contraction?

A

autonomics

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10
Q

what nerves control urethral sphincter control?

A
internal = autonomics 
external = somatic motor
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11
Q

where do sympathetics to the urinary tract leave the spinal cord?

A

between T10 and L2

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12
Q

how do sympathetics to the urinary tract leave the spinal cord?

A

within abdominopelvic splanchnic nerves

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13
Q

where do the sympathetics to the urinary tract synapse?

A

the abdominal sympathetic ganglia

around the abdominal aorta

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14
Q

how do post synaptic sympathetic nerves reach their tissues?

A

in periarterial plexuses

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15
Q

where are parasympathetics for the kidney and ureter carried in?

A

the vagus nerve

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16
Q

where are parasympathetics for the bladder carried in?

A

the pelvic splanchnic nerves

17
Q

what part of the urinary system receives somatic motor innervation?

A

those in the perineum - the urethra and its external sphincter

18
Q

where is pain from the kidney felt?

A

in the loin

19
Q

where can pain from renal calculi obstructing the ureter be felt?

A

radiating from loin to groin on the affected side

20
Q

where is pain from the bladder usually felt?

A

in the suprapubic region

21
Q

where is pain from the perineal part of the urethra felt?

A

localised in the perineum

22
Q

where do visceral afferent nerve fibres from the kidneys enter the spinal cord?

A

between T11 and L1

run alongside sympathetics to get here

23
Q

where do visceral afferents from the ureter enter the spinal cord?

A

between T11 and L2

run alongside sympathetics to get here

24
Q

where do visceral afferents from the part of the bladder in contact with the peritoneum enter the spinal cord?

A

between levels T11 and L2

run alongside sympathetics to get here

25
where do visceral afferents from the rest of the bladder enter the spinal cord?
S2, 3 and 4 run alongside parasympathetics to get here
26
where do visceral afferents from the proximal urethra enter the spinal cord?
S2-S4 run alongside parasympathetics to get here
27
what are somatic sensory fibres from the distal urethra carried in and where do they enter the spinal cord?
the pudendal nerve S2-S4
28
where do visceral afferent fibres from the testes enter the spinal cord?
T10-T11 run alongside sympathetics
29
where can pain from the testes often present due to their close contact with the scrotal wall?
localised to the scrotum or groin this is the region of L1
30
what senses filling of the bladder and where is this information relayed to?
stretch receptors in visceral afferent fibres to the CNS via S2-4 spinal cord levels
31
what does the body do when it senses the bladder is full?
reflex occurs that stimulates the detrusor muscle and inhibits the internal sphincter (in males) however, the brain overrides this reflex until it is appropriate