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Y2 Renal > Imaging > Flashcards

Imaging Flashcards

1
Q

what surrounds the kidneys?

A

the fibrous renal capsule

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2
Q

what is the outer third of the kidneys called?

A

the cortex

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3
Q

what is the inner 2/3 of the kidneys called?

A

the medulla

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4
Q

what is the functional unit of the kidney?

A

the nephron

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5
Q

where do the kidneys lie?

A

the paravertebral gutters of the posterior abdominal wall

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6
Q

why is the left kidney usually found higher than the right?

A

due to the presence of the liver superiorly to the right kidney

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7
Q

what 5 things are found at the renal hilum?

A 
renal pelvis
renal artery 
renal vein 
lymphatics 
nerves
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8
Q

what is the most posterior part of the hilum?

A

renal pelvis

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9
Q

what is the most anterior part of the hilum?

A

renal vein

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10
Q

why is the left renal vein longer than the right?

A

has to pass across the aorta to join the IVC

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11
Q

what are the four phases of a renal CT?

A

pre contrast
corticomedullary
nephrographic
excretory

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12
Q

when is the pre contrast phase of a renal CT?

A

before contrast administered

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13
Q

what is the pre contrast phase of a renal CT good for seeing?

A

calculi

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14
Q

what does the corticomedullary phase of a renal CT show?

A

cortical enhancement

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15
Q

when does the corticomedullary phase of a renal CT happen?

A

25-70 seconds after injection of contrast

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16
Q

when does the nephrographic phase of a renal CT occur?

A

80-180 seconds after contrast injected

17
Q

what is enhanced in the nephrographic phase of a renal CT?

A

medulla and cortex equally

18
Q

when does the excretory phase of a renal CT occur?

A

5-15 minutes after IV injection of contrast

19
Q

what is seen in the excretory phase of a renal CT?

A

opacification of the renal collecting system and ureters

20
Q

what are the three spaces around the kidney in the retroperitoneum?

A

anterior pararenal
perirenal
posterior pararenal

21
Q

what encloses the perirenal space?

A

the renal fascia

22
Q

what divides the spaces in the retroperitoneum?

A

the renal fascia

23
Q

what are the two parts of the renal fascia?

A

anterior renal fascia

posterior renal fascia

24
Q

what is another name for the anterior renal fascia?

A

gerota’s fascia

25
Q

what is another name for the posterior renal fascia?

A

zuckerkandl’s fascia

Y2 Renal (29 decks)

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