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ENRP > Pregnancy Loss > Flashcards

Pregnancy Loss Flashcards

1
Q

1st Trimester dates

A

1st day of LMP - 13 weeks and 6 days

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2
Q

2nd Trimester dates

A

14 weeks - 27 weeks and 6 days

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3
Q

3rd Trimester dates

A

28 weeks - 42 weeks

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4
Q

What is the Estimated Date of Confinement (EDC)?

A

Due date

= 40 weeks after the FDLMP (first day of LMP)

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5
Q

Abortion dates

A

< 20 weeks

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6
Q

Preterm dates

A

20 weeks - 36 weeks and 6 days

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7
Q

Fullterm dates

A

37 weeks - 42 weeks

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8
Q

Postdates

A

> 42 weeks

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9
Q

When is hCG first detected?

A

6-8 days after ovulation

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10
Q

What are the levels for a (-) and (+) hCG test? What should the levels be around the expected time of menstruation?

A

(-) = < 5
(+) = > 25
– Around time of expected menstruation = 100

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11
Q

hCG ____ every ____ days

A

Doubles every 2 days

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12
Q

What is the Discriminatory level of hCG?

A

1500-2000 = should see a gestational sac

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13
Q

What is the Discriminatory level of hCG?

A

1500-2000 = should see a gestational sac

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14
Q

If there is an abnormal rise in hCG that is less than 53% in 2 days, what does that indicate?

A

Ectopic or Abnormal IUP

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15
Q

At what level of hCG should you see the fetal pole?

A

5200

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16
Q

When does the risk of SAB significantly decrease?

A

8 weeks with normal ultrasound and cardiac activity present

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17
Q

What are the most common causes for SABs?

A

Chromosomal abnormalities

  1. Turner’s (45XO)
  2. Trisomy 16
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18
Q

What is a Threatened Abortion/

A

Vaginal bleeding with a closed cervix

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19
Q

Vaginal bleeding with a closed cervix

A

Threatened Abortion

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20
Q

What is an Inevitable Abortion?

A

Vaginal bleeding with a partially dilated cervix

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21
Q

Vaginal bleeding with a partially dilated cervix

A

Inevitable Abortion

22
Q

What is an Incomplete Abortion?

A

Passage of some of the products of conception (fetal tissue)

23
Q

Passage of some of the products of conception with a dilated cervix and vaginal bleeding?

A

Incomplete Abortion

24
Q

What is the treatment for an Incomplete Abortion?

A

Suction D&C to remove the rest of the products of conception

25
Q

What is a Complete Abortion?

A

Passage of all products of conception (fetal tissue) with a closed cervix

26
Q

Passage of all products of conception and a closed cervix

A

Complete Abortion

27
Q

Symptoms of an Incomplete Abortion?

A

Vaginal bleeding
Abdominal pain
Dilated cervix

28
Q

Symptoms of a Complete Abortion?

A

RESOLVE

29
Q

What is the treatment for a Complete Abortion?

A

No treatment needed

30
Q

What is a Missed Abortion?

A

Fetus has expired and remains in the uterus

31
Q

Fetus has expired and remains in the uterus

A

Missed Abortion

32
Q

What are the symptoms and risks that present with a Missed Abortion?

A

NO symptoms

–> Coagulation problems may develop

33
Q

With a Missed Abortion, what treatment options?

A
  • Expectant management
  • Misoprostol
  • Suction D&C
34
Q

What is a Septic Abortion?

A

Retained infected products of conception (fetal tissue)

35
Q

Retained Infected products of conception

A

Septic Abortion

36
Q

What are the symptoms of a Septic Abortion?

A

Fever, abdominal tenderness, purulent discharge and bleeding

37
Q

If a patient presents with fever, purulent discharge, bleeding and tenderness, what type of SAB is it?

A

Septic Abortion

38
Q

What is the treatment for a Septic Abortion?

A

Antibiotics and Suction D&C

39
Q

What is a Blighted Ovum?

A

Fertilized egg develops a placenta but NO embryo

40
Q

What will be seen on ultrasound with a Blighted Ovum and what is it?

A

Fertilized egg develops a placenta but NO embryo

– US: EMPTY GESTATIONAL SAC

41
Q

If you see an Empty gestational sac on ultrasound, what type of SAB occurred?

A

Blighted Ovum

42
Q

With a Blighted Ovum, what are the treatment options?

A
  • Expectant management
  • Misoprostol
  • Suction D&C
43
Q

What defines Recurrent SABs?

A

3 successive SABs

– not including moles or ectopics

44
Q

3 successive SABs that does not include ectopics or moles

A

Recurrent SABs

45
Q

What are some maternal factors that can cause Recurrent SABs?

A

Infection
Smoking/Alcohol
Older age
Uterine/Cervical Incompetence

46
Q

If you believe that chromosomal factors are causing Recurrent SABs, what should you do and look for?

A

Karyotype both parents

–> Translocations?

47
Q

What is the most common immunologic cause for Recurrent SABs?

A

Antiphospholipid Syndrome

48
Q

What is the most common immunologic cause for Recurrent SABs?

A

Antiphospholipid Syndrome

49
Q

What is the treatment for women with Antiphospholipid Syndrome when they are pregnant?

A

Heparin and Aspirin

50
Q

Older maternal age is a significant risk factor?

A

Recurrent SABs

ENRP (45 decks)

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