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ENRP > Conditions of Uterus/Cervix > Flashcards

Conditions of Uterus/Cervix Flashcards

1
Q

When do the Mullerian (paramesonephric) ducts arise?

A

6 weeks

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2
Q

When should the Mullerian (paramesonephric) ducts fuse at midline?

A

9 weeks

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3
Q

Uterine Didelphys is caused by?

A

Failure of the Paramesonephric ducts to fuse

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4
Q

What will be present with uterine Didelphys?

A

2 uterine cavities
2 cervices
Possibly 2 vaginas

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5
Q

If the midline septum of the Mullerian ducts does not resolve, what will occur?

A

Septate Uterus

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6
Q

Meyer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser Syndrome is caused by? What results?

A

Mullerian duct AGENESIS

– absence of uterus and upper vagina

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7
Q

Anomalies of the uterus and cervix usually occur _____

A

Spontaneously

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8
Q

DES exposure in utero will cause what 2 anomalies?

A
  • T shaped endometrial cavity

- Cervical collar deformity

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9
Q

If a T shaped endometrial cavity and cervical collar deformity are present, what occured?

A

DES exposure in utero

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10
Q

What are uterine Fibroids?

A

Uterine Leiomyomas

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11
Q

Uterine Leiomyomas are benign or malignant? What cells proliferate where?

A

Benign

– Smooth muscle cells proliferate in myometrium

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12
Q

What is the most common neoplasm of the uterus?

A

Uterine Leiomyomas = fibroids

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13
Q

What are some risk factors for Fibroids?

A

Increased age
Black
No pregnancies

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14
Q

What is the presentation of Uterine Leiomyomas?

A

Usually asymptomatic

– possible bleeding, pelvic pain or pressure

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15
Q

How do Fibroids (leiomyomas) look?

A

Spherical white-tan and well circumscribed

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16
Q

What does the cut section of a fibroid look like?

A

Whorled

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17
Q

Subserosal Leiomyoma

A

Beneath uterine serosal surface

18
Q

Intramural Leiomyoma

A

Within the myometrium

19
Q

Submucosal Leiomyoma

A

Beneath the endometrium

20
Q

Cervical Intraligamentous Leiomyoma

A

Between the broad ligaments

21
Q

What location of Fibroids is the most common and which type can become pedunculated?

A

Most common = Intramural (within myometrium)

Pedunculated = Submucosal (beneath endometrium)

22
Q

How may a Fibroid be discovered?

A

Bimanual exam or US

=> enlarged or irregular uterus

23
Q

How will the Fibroid be felt with a bimanual exam and what is it described as?

A

Mass will move with the cervix

– described in “week size”

24
Q

What is the first line treatment for Leiomyomas?

A

Oral contraceptive pills (estrogen + progesterone)

25
Q

Besides oral contraceptive pills, what other pills can be given for Fibroids?

A

Progesterone only

GnRH agonist

26
Q

There are many surgical options for Uterine Leiomyomas. Which will require future pregnancy deliveries to be delivered by C section and is prone to recurrence?

A

Myomectomy

27
Q

Which surgical option for a Fibroid involves occluding the artery that feeds the fibroid and causes necrosis?

A

Uterine Artery Embolization

28
Q

What is the only definitive therapy for Leiomyomas?

A

Hysterectomy

29
Q

What is the only definitive therapy for Fibroids?

A

Hysterectomy

30
Q

Endometrial polyps are usually ____

A

Benign

31
Q

What will be seen on ultrasound with an Endometrial Polyp?

A

Focal thickening of the endometrial stripe

32
Q

When trying to view an Endometrial Polyp, what gives a better view than a regular US?

A

Saline Hysterosonography

33
Q

What is the treatment of Endometrial polyps?

A

Remove with hysteroscopy

34
Q

What part of the cervix is more common for polyps to occur at?

A

Endocervix

35
Q

How do Endocervical Polyps look?

A

Beefy red

36
Q

How do Ectocervical Polyps look?

A

Pale

37
Q

Treatment of Cervical Polyps?

A

Remove in office

38
Q

What is a possible sign of an Endometrial or Cervical polyp?

A

Bleeding

39
Q

What causes Endometrial Hyperplasia?

A

Unopposed Estrogen

40
Q

List the 4 types of Endometrial Hyperplasia and their correlated risk of becoming cancer

A
  • Simple without atypia = 1%
  • Complex without atypia = 3%
  • Simple with atypia = 9%
  • Complex with atypia = 27%

ENRP (45 decks)

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