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ENRP > Breast Pathology part 2 > Flashcards

Breast Pathology part 2 Flashcards

1
Q

When does Acute Mastitis usually occur?

A

During the 1st month of breastfeeding

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2
Q

What causes Acute Mastitis and when is it seen?

A

Local infection through the nipple cracks

- Occurs during the 1st month of breastfeeding

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3
Q

What are 2 common culprits of Acute Mastitis?

A

Staph Aureus

Streptococi

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4
Q

What are the main symptoms of Acute Mastitis?

A

Pain, red breast and fever

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5
Q

If Staph Aureus is causing the Acute Mastitis, what else may be present?

A

Abscesses

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6
Q

If Streptococci are causing the Acute Mastitis, what else may be present?

A

Cellulitis

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7
Q

Treatment for Acute Mastitis?

A

Antibiotics and continued milk expression

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8
Q

What 2 things put you at risk for Squamous Metaplasia of Lactiferous Ducts?

A

Smoking

Vitamin A deficiency

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9
Q

What 2 things put you at risk for Squamous Metaplasia of Lactiferous Ducts?

A

Smoking

Vitamin A Deficiency

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10
Q

How may Squamous Metaplasia of Lactiferous Ducts present?

A

Painful, red subareolar mass with possible nipple inversion

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11
Q

How may Squamous Metaplasia of Lactiferous Ducts present?

A

Painful, red subareolar mass with possible nipple inversion

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12
Q

With recurrent cases of Squamous Metaplasia of Lactiferous Ducts, what can develop?

A

Fistula under the smooth muscle of the nipple that connects to the skin at the edge of the areola

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13
Q

Fistula under the smooth muscle of the nipple that connects to the skin at the edge of the areolar is seen with?

A

Squamous Metaplasia of Lactiferous Ducts

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14
Q

What plugs the ductal system with Squamous Metaplasia of Lactiferous Ducts?

A

Keratin

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15
Q

Treatment for Squamous Metaplasia of Lactiferous Ducts?

A

Surgical removal of duct and fistula

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16
Q

Who is at risk for Duct Ectasia?

A

50s/60s with kids

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17
Q

How does Duct Ectasia present?

A

Periareolar mass
Thick white nipple discharge
Skin retraction

18
Q

Periareolar mass with thick white nipple discharge and possible skin retraction is?

A

Duct Ectasia

19
Q

What fills the dilated ducts with Duct Ectasia?

A

Secretions and lipid-laden macrophages

20
Q

How does Duct Ectasia mimic carcinoma?

A

Fibrosis surrounds the dilated duct and forms a mass

21
Q

Fat Necrosis of the breast can mimic cancer. What causes it?

A

Breast trauma/surgery

22
Q

In what 2 conditions is Lymphocytic Mastopathy common?

A

Type 1 DM

Autoimmune Thyroid disease

23
Q

What presents with Lymphocytic Mastopathy?

A

1+ hard masses or mammographic densities

24
Q

1+ hard masses or mammographic densities in a patient with an autoimmune disease?

A

Lymphocytic Mastopathy

25
Q

What part of Lymphocytic Mastopathy makes it hard to get a biopsy of the hard mass?

A

Collagenized stroma

26
Q

With Benign Epithelial lesions, are there symptoms? Do they often progress to cancer?

A

NO and NO

– just an increased risk but a majority do NOT get cancer

27
Q

What are the 3 Benign Epithelial Lesion types?

A
  1. Nonproliferative
  2. Proliferative without atypia
  3. Proliferative with atypia
28
Q

Nonproliferative breast changes risk of cancer?

A

NOT associated with a risk of cancer

29
Q

What are the 3 histo items with Nonproliferative Breast Changes?

A
  1. Cystic change with apocrine metaplasia
  2. Fibrosis
  3. Adenosis
30
Q

What are the 3 histo items with Nonproliferative Breast Disease?

A
  1. Cystic change with apocrine metaplasia
  2. Fibrosis
  3. Adenosis
31
Q

With Nonproliferative Breast Changes, how does the cystic change look?

A
  • Cysts contain brown-blue fluid

- Lined by apocrine metaplasia = eosinophilic

32
Q

Fine needle aspiration results with the cystic change of Nonproliferative Breast Changes?

A

Disappearance of cystic change

33
Q

How does Fibrosis occur with Nonproliferative Breast Changes and what does it contribute to?

A

Cysts rupture –> fibrosis

= contributes to nodularity of breast

34
Q

What is Adenosis?

A

Increased number of acini per lobule

35
Q

What are the 4 histo items with Proliferative Breast Disease without Atypia?

A
  1. Epithelial Hyperplasia
  2. Sclerosing Adenosis
  3. Complex Sclerosing Lesion
  4. Papilloma
36
Q

What are the 4 histo items with Proliferative Breast Disease without Atypia?

A
  1. Epithelial Hyperplasia
  2. Sclerosing Adenosis
  3. Complex Sclerosing lesion
  4. Papilloma
37
Q

What cells increase with Epithelial Hyperplasia associated with Proliferative without Atypia breast disease?

A

Luminal

Myoepithelial

38
Q

What is Sclerosing Adenosis?

A

Increased number of acini that are compressed/distorted

– looks swirled

39
Q

How may a Complex Sclerosing Lesion appear?

A

“radial scar”

40
Q

What are the 2 histo types of Proliferative Breast Disease with Atypia?

A
  1. Atypical Ductal Hyperplasia

2. Atypical Lobular Hyperplasia

41
Q

What are the 2 histo types of Proliferative Breast Disease with Atypia?

A
  1. Atypical Ductal Hyperplasia

2. Atypical Lobular Hyperplasia

42
Q

With what Benign Epithelial Lesion is there the greatest risk for breast cancer?

A

Proliferative with Atypia

ENRP (45 decks)

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