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ENRP > Contraception/Sterilization > Flashcards

Contraception/Sterilization Flashcards

1
Q

What general category is the most effective REVERSIBLE form of contraception?

A

Hormonal Contraceptives

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2
Q

In what 2 forms can oral contraceptive pills be given?

A
  1. Estrogen + Progesterone

2. Progestin ONLY

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3
Q

What is the primary role of Estrogen with Oral Contraceptive Pills?

A

Regulate cycle

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4
Q

What is the primary role(s) of Progesterone with Oral Contraceptive Pills?

A

(-) LH and ovulation

Thicken cervical mucus to prevent sperm migration and creates an unfavorable environment for fertilization

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5
Q

With Oral Contraceptive Pills, what component is responsible for the major actions of (-) LH/ovulation, thickening cervical mucus to create an unfavorable environment?

A

Progesterone

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6
Q

What form of Oral Contraceptive Pills are the best in breastfeeding women?

A

Progestin ONLY

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7
Q

In women who are breastfeeding or have a contraindication for taking Estrogen, what type of Oral Contraceptive Pills can be given?

A

Progestin ONLY

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8
Q

What are the most serious adverse effects of Oral Contraceptive Pills? (4)

A

DVT/PE
Gallbladder disease
MI
Hepatic tumors

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9
Q

What are the most serious adverse effects of Oral Contraceptive Pills? (4)

A
  • DVT/PE
  • Gallbladder disease
  • MI
  • Hepatic tumors
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10
Q

What are some common adverse effects with Oral Contraceptive Pills?

A

Breakthrough bleeding/Amenorrhea

Weight gain, breast tenderness, nausea, etc.

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11
Q

What is the Transdermal Patch made of and how long is it worn?

A

Estrogen + Progesterone

= Worn for 3 weeks

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12
Q

The Transdermal Hormonal Patch should be used with caution in what type of women and what does it have a greater risk of?

A

Caution: obese women

–> Greater risk of thrombosis

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13
Q

The Vaginal Ring options are made of?

A

Estrogen + Progesterone

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14
Q

What differentiates the basic Vaginal Ring from the Annovera Ring?

A

The Annovera Ring is re-used for 13 months

– BOTH in for 3 weeks and out for 1

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15
Q

In what patients should you NOT use Hormonal Contraceptives in? (3)

A
  • Smokers > 35 yo
  • Liver disease
  • History of Thrombosis
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16
Q

In what patients should you NOT use Hormonal Contraceptives in? (3)

A
  • Smokers > 35
  • Liver disease
  • History of Thrombosis
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17
Q

What is Depo Provera?

A

INJECTABLE Progestin (hormonal contraceptive)

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18
Q

How often is Depo Provera given?

A

IM injection every 11-13 weeks

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19
Q

Depo Provera is a Progestin IM injection. What is a serious adverse effect that can be seen with greater than 2 years use?

A

Bone density alterations

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20
Q

What are 3 adverse effects of the Depo Provera injection?

A
  • Irregular bleeding
  • WEIGHT GAIN
  • Exacerbation of depression
21
Q

LARCs

A

Long Acting Reversible Contraceptives

22
Q

What are 2 forms of LARCs?

A

Nexplanon

IUDs

23
Q

What is Nexplanon?

A

Rod shaped implantable LARC

24
Q

How long can Nexplanon be used for? Is it safe for breastfeeding patients?

A

3 years

– YES

25
Q

What is one absolute contraindication for Nexplanon?

A

Breast cancer

26
Q

There are 5 types of IUDs. What are the 4 Levonorgestrel IUDs?

A
  • Mirena
  • Kyleena
  • Liletta
  • Skyla
27
Q

There are 5 types of IUDs. What is the Copper T?

A

Paraguard

28
Q

How long can each of the 4 Levonorgestrel IUDs be used respectively?

A

Mirena - 7 years
Kyleena - 5 years
Liletta - 7 years
Skyla - 3 years

29
Q

How long can the Paraguard IUD be used and what disease should not use it?

A

10 years

– do not use with Wilson’s disease patients due to copper

30
Q

Barrier Contraceptives have a ___ failure rate due to?

A

HIGH

– Depend on proper use at time of sex

31
Q

What is the only Contraception method that protects against STIs?

A

CONDOMS

32
Q

What is a reason that female condoms, diaphragms, cervical caps and sponges are not well tolerated?

A

They have to be left in the vagina for at least 6 hours after sex

33
Q

Diaphragms are dome shaped devices that have to be fit to the individual. What do they have an increased risk of?

A

UTI

34
Q

What is Phexxi?

A

Gel that is inserted into the vagina before sex every time

35
Q

What is the MOA for Phexxi?

A

Hormone free!

– Raises the pH of the vagina to decrease sperm motility

36
Q

What are some possible side effects of Phexxi?

A

Burning, itching and infections of both the female and male

37
Q

What are 3 natural methods of contraception?

A
  • Calendar method
  • Basal body temp. method
  • Cervical mucus method
38
Q

How do you do the Basal Body Temperature method?

A

Check temperature daily before getting out of bed
= 0.5 - 1 degree increase with ovulation
–> avoid sex for a few days after that

39
Q

Emergency Contraception prevents ovulation and fertilization for those who had unprotected sex. What are 2 types?

A

Plan B

Ella

40
Q

Plan B vs. Ella

A

Plan B: 2 pills of progestin; must be used within 120 hours

Ella: must be used within 5 days

41
Q

Sterilization should be considered _____

A

Permanent

42
Q

What should you address with especially your young patients who want sterilization?

A

Other options, reasons, etc. due to REGRET

43
Q

What is the Vasectomy and when does complete azoospermia occur?

A

Occlusion of the vas deferens

– 10 weeks

44
Q

What is the most common approach to female sterilization?

A

Mini-laparotomy

45
Q

Female Sterilization methods can occlude the tubes or even remove them. What are 2 types of clips and which has the higher failure rate?

A

Hulka = higher failure rate

Filshie

46
Q

Why is the Hysteroscopy method of female sterilization not used so much?

A

Steel coils placed which cause pain

47
Q

What are the 2 options of what you can do to the fallopian tubes with sterilization?

A 
Occlude them
Remove them (salpingectomy)
48
Q

What is the only method of protection against STIs?

A

CONDOMS

ENRP (45 decks)

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