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ENRP > Contraception/Sterilization > Flashcards

Contraception/Sterilization Flashcards

1
Q

What general category is the most effective REVERSIBLE form of contraception?

A

Hormonal Contraceptives

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2
Q

In what 2 forms can oral contraceptive pills be given?

A
  1. Estrogen + Progesterone

2. Progestin ONLY

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3
Q

What is the primary role of Estrogen with Oral Contraceptive Pills?

A

Regulate cycle

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4
Q

What is the primary role(s) of Progesterone with Oral Contraceptive Pills?

A

(-) LH and ovulation

Thicken cervical mucus to prevent sperm migration and creates an unfavorable environment for fertilization

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5
Q

With Oral Contraceptive Pills, what component is responsible for the major actions of (-) LH/ovulation, thickening cervical mucus to create an unfavorable environment?

A

Progesterone

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6
Q

What form of Oral Contraceptive Pills are the best in breastfeeding women?

A

Progestin ONLY

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7
Q

In women who are breastfeeding or have a contraindication for taking Estrogen, what type of Oral Contraceptive Pills can be given?

A

Progestin ONLY

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8
Q

What are the most serious adverse effects of Oral Contraceptive Pills? (4)

A

DVT/PE
Gallbladder disease
MI
Hepatic tumors

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9
Q

What are the most serious adverse effects of Oral Contraceptive Pills? (4)

A
  • DVT/PE
  • Gallbladder disease
  • MI
  • Hepatic tumors
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10
Q

What are some common adverse effects with Oral Contraceptive Pills?

A

Breakthrough bleeding/Amenorrhea

Weight gain, breast tenderness, nausea, etc.

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11
Q

What is the Transdermal Patch made of and how long is it worn?

A

Estrogen + Progesterone

= Worn for 3 weeks

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12
Q

The Transdermal Hormonal Patch should be used with caution in what type of women and what does it have a greater risk of?

A

Caution: obese women

–> Greater risk of thrombosis

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13
Q

The Vaginal Ring options are made of?

A

Estrogen + Progesterone

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14
Q

What differentiates the basic Vaginal Ring from the Annovera Ring?

A

The Annovera Ring is re-used for 13 months

– BOTH in for 3 weeks and out for 1

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15
Q

In what patients should you NOT use Hormonal Contraceptives in? (3)

A
  • Smokers > 35 yo
  • Liver disease
  • History of Thrombosis
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16
Q

In what patients should you NOT use Hormonal Contraceptives in? (3)

A
  • Smokers > 35
  • Liver disease
  • History of Thrombosis
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17
Q

What is Depo Provera?

A

INJECTABLE Progestin (hormonal contraceptive)

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18
Q

How often is Depo Provera given?

A

IM injection every 11-13 weeks

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19
Q

Depo Provera is a Progestin IM injection. What is a serious adverse effect that can be seen with greater than 2 years use?

A

Bone density alterations

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20
Q

What are 3 adverse effects of the Depo Provera injection?

A
  • Irregular bleeding
  • WEIGHT GAIN
  • Exacerbation of depression
21
Q

LARCs

A

Long Acting Reversible Contraceptives

22
Q

What are 2 forms of LARCs?

A

Nexplanon

IUDs

23
Q

What is Nexplanon?

A

Rod shaped implantable LARC

24
Q

How long can Nexplanon be used for? Is it safe for breastfeeding patients?

A

3 years

– YES

25
What is one absolute contraindication for Nexplanon?
Breast cancer
26
There are 5 types of IUDs. What are the 4 Levonorgestrel IUDs?
- Mirena - Kyleena - Liletta - Skyla
27
There are 5 types of IUDs. What is the Copper T?
Paraguard
28
How long can each of the 4 Levonorgestrel IUDs be used respectively?
Mirena - 7 years Kyleena - 5 years Liletta - 7 years Skyla - 3 years
29
How long can the Paraguard IUD be used and what disease should not use it?
10 years | -- do not use with Wilson's disease patients due to copper
30
Barrier Contraceptives have a ___ failure rate due to?
HIGH | -- Depend on proper use at time of sex
31
What is the only Contraception method that protects against STIs?
CONDOMS
32
What is a reason that female condoms, diaphragms, cervical caps and sponges are not well tolerated?
They have to be left in the vagina for at least 6 hours after sex
33
Diaphragms are dome shaped devices that have to be fit to the individual. What do they have an increased risk of?
UTI
34
What is Phexxi?
Gel that is inserted into the vagina before sex every time
35
What is the MOA for Phexxi?
Hormone free! | -- Raises the pH of the vagina to decrease sperm motility
36
What are some possible side effects of Phexxi?
Burning, itching and infections of both the female and male
37
What are 3 natural methods of contraception?
- Calendar method - Basal body temp. method - Cervical mucus method
38
How do you do the Basal Body Temperature method?
Check temperature daily before getting out of bed = 0.5 - 1 degree increase with ovulation --> avoid sex for a few days after that
39
Emergency Contraception prevents ovulation and fertilization for those who had unprotected sex. What are 2 types?
Plan B | Ella
40
Plan B vs. Ella
Plan B: 2 pills of progestin; must be used within 120 hours | Ella: must be used within 5 days
41
Sterilization should be considered _____
Permanent
42
What should you address with especially your young patients who want sterilization?
Other options, reasons, etc. due to REGRET
43
What is the Vasectomy and when does complete azoospermia occur?
Occlusion of the vas deferens | -- 10 weeks
44
What is the most common approach to female sterilization?
Mini-laparotomy
45
Female Sterilization methods can occlude the tubes or even remove them. What are 2 types of clips and which has the higher failure rate?
Hulka = higher failure rate | Filshie
46
Why is the Hysteroscopy method of female sterilization not used so much?
Steel coils placed which cause pain
47
What are the 2 options of what you can do to the fallopian tubes with sterilization?
``` Occlude them Remove them (salpingectomy) ```
48
What is the only method of protection against STIs?
CONDOMS

ENRP (45 decks)

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