Pregnancy Flashcards
PREGNANCY
A.) Human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) is the hormone responsible for ___
pregnancy.
B.) Probable Signs- ____________________________________________
C.) Positive Signs- _____________________________________________
D.) Naegele’s Rule-
add _________ days
subtract __________months
add __________ year
Example: LMP was April 14, 2000 Estimated due date: _____________
PREGNANCY
A.) Human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) is the hormone responsible for - keeping the pregnancy viable until the placenta is formed
pregnancy.
B.) Probable Signs- __all blood and urine test
C.) Positive Signs- X-ray, ultrasound, Doppler
D.) Naegele’s Rule-
add __7days
subtract _______3months
add ______1year
Example: LMP was April 14, 2000 Estimated due date: _______1/21/2001
Doctor’s Visits:
up to 28 weeks- __
28-36 weeks- __
36-42 weeks- __
After 42 weeks
Doctor’s Visits:
up to 28 weeks- monthly __
28-36 weeks- ___every 2weeks
36-42 weeks- _____every week
After 42 weeks induce labor or do a c-section.
gravidity-_________________________________________________
The number of pregnancy a woman has had
parity-___________________________________________________
The number of pregnancy that has been carried to term or resulted in a live birth
Pregnancy and ………
1) Morning sickness-
2) Backache-
3) Leg cramps-
4) Diet-
5) Anemia-
6) Kegel’s exercises-
Pregnancy and ………
1) Morning sickness- eat dry carbs
2) Backache- use good posture , low heel shoes, pelvic rocking technique
3) Leg cramps-
Take their big toe and point it to the ground and then up to the ceiling ( plantar and dorsiflexion)
4) Diet- prenatal vitamin , which will contain folic acid which will prevent nerotube defects and high protein for the baby and mother
5) Anemia- it is normal for pregnant women to be slightly anemic because it take extra red blood cells to help that baby develope. The homo and hemocrit will drop plasma level will be elevated
6) Kegel’s exercises- they help to prevent urinary incontinence because the uterus expands it puts pressure on the bladder
The Danger Signs of pregnancy
Sherry blueberry pen stains and inks every notepad
Danger Signs
- ) sudden abdominal pain
- ) abrupt flow of vaginal fluid
- ) vaginal bleeding
- ) puffiness in face and hands
Sudden gush of vaginal fluid Bleeding Persistent vomiting Severe headache Abdominal pain Increased temps Edema No fetal movement
Complications of Pregnancy
1.) Preterm Labor-
Medications to stop premature labor
If you Give: Terbutaline
If you Give: Magnesium Sulfate
Watch for: Watch for: 2.) Pre-eclampsia-
The 3 defining characteristics are
1_________________________
2_________________________________ 3__________________________
Treatment:
______? And ; _________?
Only cure is to _____________ the __________________.
Complications of Pregnancy
1.) Preterm Labor- any labor before the baby is ready to come out right before 37 weeks
Medications to stop premature labor
If you Give: Terbutaline Watch for: tachycardia and the mom and baby
If you Give: Magnesium Sulfate Watch for: A decrease in reflexes, respirations, urinary output
! Normal urinary output 30ml hr
Watch for: 2.) Pre-eclampsia- The hypertensive state seen pregnancy
The 3 defining characteristics are
1_hypertension
2.)edema
3.)Proteinuria or protein in the urine. There should never be protein in the urine
Treatment: bed rest and magnesium sulfate
Only cure is to deliver the _baby
5 Nursing care for preeclampsia
- )Bed rest
- ) place them in the left lateral position
- ) Monitor the diet(low sodium/fluid restrictions
- ) Monitor for eclampsia
- )seizure 6 precautions
- Low lighting
- Low stimuli
- put the bed in the lowest position
- pad the top of the side rails
- Have oxygen and suction at the bedside
- time seizure
What is the difference from preeclampsia and eclampsia
With Eclampsia the patient is now starting to have seizure
G.) Labor-
1) If you want to help labor along give?
2)Stop when?
G.) Labor-
The onset of regular contraction that increase Strength, frequency, duration
1) If you want to help labor along give? Pitocin/oxytocin
2)Stop when?
Contractions are two minutes apart and last for 60 seconds
Stages of labor Stage 1 Latent \_\_\_\_ cm Active \_\_\_ cm Transition \_\_\_\_\_cm Stage 2 \_\_\_\_\_cm ( complete) delivery Stage 3 \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ Stage 4th \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ The goal is 10 but if you're in transition and your eight or nine this is not the stage will you stop pushing. Don't start pushing into the second stage of labor
Stages of labor Stage 1 Latent 0-3 cm Active 4-7 cm Transition 8-10 cm Stage 2 Pushing/Birth- 10 cm ( complete) delivery Stage 3 Deliver Placenta- Delivery of the baby expulsion of the placenta Stage 4 Recovery Recovery-The most critical. After the baby has been delivered and placenta. 1-4hrs
Hourly vital signs Temperature Extremities 1-4 hrs after birth I The goal is 10 but if you're in transition and your eight or nine this is not the stage will you stop pushing. Don't start pushing into the second stage of labor
2) Second Stage-
- Pushing/Birth- __________________________________________________
2) Second Stage-
- Pushing/Birth- pushing into the baby comes out
3) Third Stage-
- Deliver Placenta-
3) Third Stage-
- Deliver Placenta- The placenta comes out in one whole piece ! Put your patient at risk for infection and bleeding if the piece does not come out not
4) Fourth Stage-Recovery-
4) Fourth Stage-Recovery-The most critical. After the baby has been delivered and placenta. 1-4hrs
Hourly vital signs
Temperature
Extremities
Fetal Heart Response to Labor
Reassuring ( good things)
Fetal Heart Response to Labor Reassuring 1) high fetal heart rate 2.)high baseline variability 3.)early deceleration
B.)Non-reassuring
B.)Non-reassuring
- ) Low fetal heart rate
- ) Low baseline variability
- ) Low Deccleration-not getting enough oxygen
- ) variable deceleration-The babies cord is compress
If you see any of the bad signs treat with LION
LION
1.)L= put the patient on the left Lateral
side
2.) I=initiate or address the IV FLUIDS
3.) O=oxygen with mask. not a nasal cannula
4.) N=notify the doctor
Biggest risk for post-partum complications is
What is engorgement ? How do you treat engorgement
Within the 1st 24 hrs
B= breast know the advantages of breastfeeding vs bottle feeding. Engorgement is The painful overfilling of the breast with milk
Cool cabbage leaves for engorement wear supportive bras.
U= uterus,. Should be midline and firm! If it feel boggy then massage it
B= bladder. Void b4 uterus assessment
B= bowel expect a be absent 1-3 days post op
L= lochia = the post partum discharge
Rubra= 1-3 days red
Serosa= 4-10days pink
Alba = 11-21 days white
No foul Odor
E= please treat pain
H= Homan sign or hemorrhage
E= extremities .Measure the circumference of the Muscle
W
What is the best way to prevent post partum moms from having blood clots
Get up walk
Mastitis
Inflammation of the breast tissue typically caused by staff infection of the mothers
breast tissue or the babies mouth
She must take anabiotic’s and breast-feed to promote healing
Liquid diet
Is To prevent ____ and ____output
Clear and full
Clear 1 2 3 4
Full
1
2
3
To prevent dehydration and less output
Clear and full
Clear
- Water
- Jell-O
- Popsicles
- Liquid bra
Full
- Milk
- Pudding
- Ice cream
Soft diet
For some 1 who has problems ____
No _____no ____
For some 1 who has problems chewing
No nuts no seeds
Bland diet
_______ problems
No ______ or _____ foods
Gastro problems
No fried or spicy foods
Low protein diet
Is for ____ patients
It creates ______
Avoid ___and ;_____ meat
Is for renal patients
It creates urea
Avoid redmeat and organ meat
Low sodium diets
For ______ problems
No cans ______ or ______ meats
For heart problems
No cans foods or preserve meats
High fiber
To prevent _______
Any client on _____ because ______ leads to constipation
To prevent constipation
Any client on bedrest because immobility leads to constipation
Low purine
Use treat _____ - _______ is form of arthritis
The build up of ______ in the joints which is ____
So avoid _____ meats and _____ foods
Use treat gout - gout is form of arthritis
The build up of uric acid in the joints which is painful
So avoid organ meats and fishy foods
High protein
- )
- )
- )
- )For burn victims and
- )elders and
- )pregnant women!
Diabetic diet
A _____ diet
____ free
Most of their calories should be _____
A regular diet
Sugar free
Most of their calories should be carbs
Celiac’s diet
_____ free products
______ is a ______ found in most grains
No _____
Gluten free products
Gluten is protein found in most grains
No brow
Positive Signs of Pregnancy: ( diagnostics)
1.)Fetal heartbeat: Doppler→ __weeks
Fetal heart tones can be detected by ___ weeks gestation.
Fetal sex may be determined on ultrasound as early as the end of ___weeks gestation.
- )Fetoscope→ _______ weeks
- )__________?
4.)__________?
Quickening, the awareness of fetal movements, occurs around 18-20 weeks gestation in primigravidas and at 14-16 weeks in multigravidas.
5.)___________?
1.)Fetal heartbeat: Doppler→ 10 - 12wks
Fetal heart tones can be detected by 7 weeks gestation.
Fetal sex may be determined on ultrasound as early as the end of 12 weeks gestation.
2.)Fetoscope→ __17-_ - _20_____ weeks
3.)Fetal movement
Quickening, the awareness of fetal movements, occurs around 18-20 weeks gestation in primigravidas and at 14-16 weeks in multigravidas.
- )Ultrasound
- )Maternity
