Meds Flashcards
Lasix (furosemide) or Bumetanide
7points
- )A ______ diuretic
- )most efficient and _____ acting
- )Given ___ or ___
- )Watch for ____ ??
- )May cause ?Chance Increases with what?
- )-Used for __ ( ____ or ____)
- )-can’t take Lasix if allergic to ______?
A loop diuretic
- most efficient fast acting
- PO or IV
- Watch for hypokalemia
- May cause decrease ototoxicity (The chances will increase when given with an aminoglycoside)
- Used for edema ( pulmonary or CHF)
- can’t take Lasix is allergic to sulfa drugs
Hydro chlorothiazide
9 teaching points
What kind of diuretic is this ?
- is _____acting diuretic?
- what route do you use this ?
- Acts mainly on the ?
- Watch for _______ potassium levels?
- do not give to clients with ?
- decreases effectiveness of ____?
- Increases toxicity in what heart meds ?
- Use for?
Thiazide diuretic
- is slow acting diuretic
- use orally
- Acts mainly on the distal tube
- Watch for decreased potassium levels
- do not give to clients with renal failure
- Decreased effectiveness of antidiabetic agents
- Increases Toxicity in heart meds; quinidine ( quit -a-deen )and digoxin
- used for chronic hypertension
Mannitol
these are used more to get rid of _____?
Great for ___?
Osmotic diuretic
-these are used more to get rid of water instead of sodium.
Great for increased ICP
Spironolactone 5 teaching
Spy-ron-no -lac-tone
-not as _______ as the others diuretics,
is given which route ?
- Watch for_____potassium levels
- teach patient to avoid foods that are_____?
- do not give to clients with ______?
- Best diuretic for __
- May cause ___
Potassium sparing diuretic
- not as strong as the others,
- used orally,
- Watch for increased potassium levels
- teach patient to avoid foods that are high in potassium
- do not give to clients with diabetic mellitus
- May cause agranulocytosis
- Best diuretic for hyperaldosteronism
(Acetazolamide) 2 teaching
a-seat-a-ZOLE-a-mide)
- blocks _________ in the ________?
- not much use as a diuretic, better for ________ (why) or ______?
increase loss of ______ can lead to metabolic ______
End in -Lamide
Carbonic Anhydrase inhibitors (diuretic)
- blocks carbonic Anhydrase in the proximal tubes
- not much use as a diuretic, better for open angle glaucoma When you are trying to get the ocular pressure down or metabolic alkalosis
- increase loss of bicarbonate can lead to metabolic acidosis
Diuretic 4 tips
- Strict ___? And Monitor ________daily(do daily _______ at the same time)
- give diuretics in the _______ to avoid nocturia
- Most diuretics will cause ________?
- normal potassium level is ________?
- Monitor weight(do daily weights at the same time)
- Strick I and Os
- give diuretics in the morning to avoid nocturia
- Most diuretics will cause orthostatic hypertension
- normal potassium level is 3.5-5
What is the antidote for Acetaminophen?
N-acetylycysteine
What is the antidote for insulin
Glucagon
What is antidote for morphine (other narcotics)
Naloxone
Na-locks-zone
What is the antidote for warfarin
Vitamin K
What is an antidote for heparin
Protamine sulfate
What is an antidote for high potassium
Insulin , kayexalate (Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate)
What is antidote for magnesium sulfate
Calcium Gluconate
What is the antidote for a Aminoglycosides
Calcium gluconate
What is the antidote for Penicillin
epinephrine
Phenobarbital (barbiturate)
Pheno-bar-bital
_______ medication
It causes -_____ BP and ______?
What supplements maybe be needed?
Anticonvulsant medication
-decrease BP and ; respiration
May need a Vitamin D supplement
phenytoin (Dilantin)
Fendi-tow-in
_________ medication
- do not give with ______, do not take with ____( they will not work)
- if you are give this medication and IV, you can only give with ____?
Anticonvulsant medication
- do not give with food, do not take with oral birth control ( they will not work)
- if you are give this medication and IV, you can only give with NS
Depakene (valproic acid)
_________ medication
- can cause ______?
- Watch for_______?
May cause
Anticonvulsant medication
- Hepatotoxic ( liver damage)
- Watch for abdominal cramping
May cause suicidal thought
diazepam (Valium)
_____ medication
- this is a ______ medication they can also be used for seizures
- this is the drug of choice for _________?
Anticonvulsant medication
- this is a psych medication they can also be used for seizures
- this is the drug of choice for status epilepticus
Anti-convulsant 7 tips
In general all. anticonvulsant :
- can become _______ in the body system
- can elevate the blood glucose
- cause ______?
- should not be taken with an ___, this will ______ absorption
Do not give any of these medications before _______ therapy
- May change that urine into a _______color, but it is not dangerous to the patient
- will still allow the patient to have a _________ despite being on medication watch for them!!!
In general all. anticonvulsant :
- can become toxic in the body system
- can _______ the blood glucose
- cause drowsiness
- should not be taken with an antacid, this will decrease absorption
- Do not give any of these medications before electroconvusive therapy
- May change that urine into a light rust color, but it is not dangerous to the patient
- will still allow the patient to have a seizure despite being on medication watch for them!!!
Natural alternative 3 tips
All herbal medications that start with the letter ______and feverfew thin the blood, do not give with Warfarin , aspirin, heparin
All herbal medications are contraindicated during ?
herbal medication should be stopped ?
All herbal medications that start with the letter G and feverfew thin the blood, do not give with Coumadin, heparin,aspirin,
All herbal medications are contraindicated in pregnancy and lactation
herbal medication should be stopped 2 weeks before surgery due to possible interaction with anesthesia
Garlic
Action -______/_______?
Patient teaching–don’t take with _____ and _____?
1 clove=
Action -Lowers BP/cholesterol
Patient teaching–thin the blood, do not give with Coumadin, heparin,aspirin
1 clove =4 grams of garlic
Ginkgo biloba
Action-______
Patient teaching-
don’t take with __ and ___,
thins the blood,
Can interfere with?
Action-improves memory
Patient teaching-thins the blood,
don’t take with warfarin and aspirin,
Can Interfere with with seizure medications
Ginger
Action -Relieve ____and ____
Dont take with _____ ______ or
Patient teaching-do not take if history of ___
Action -Relieve nausea and vomiting
thin the blood,
do not give with Coumadin, heparin,aspirin
Patient teaching-if history of DVT
Ginseng
Don’t take with _
Increases _____
reduces ___?
Can cause _____?
Increase risk for ____?
Increases physical stamina reduces tinnitus/ringing in ears
Can cause hypertension when mixed with caffeine
Increase risk for bleeding
St. John’s wort
Action-treat _____
Patient teaching-don’t take with __?
Can cause _____senitivity?
Decreases effect =
Action-treat depression/anxiety
Patient teaching-interacts with SSRI, Sun senitivity
Decreases effect =digoxin
Echinacca
Action-________
Patient teaching-can cause_______in ______ patients,
not effective with _____?
Action-prevents cold and flu and has immune boosting function
Patient teaching-can cause liver toxicity in Renal patients,
not effective with HIV
Black cohosh
Action-treat ________ symptoms
Patient teaching-contraindicated in ____, we will cause _____?
Can cause ____?
Action-treat menopausal symptoms
Patient teaching-contraindicated in pregnancy, we will cause premature labor
Can cause hot flashes
Kava kava
Action-treats ________ and _______?
Can increase risk of ?
Can cause Severe?
Patient teaching-decrease _______meds
Action-treats insomnia, muscle pain
Can increase risk of suicide in patients with depression
Can cause Severe liver damage
decrease Parkson disease meds
Saw Palmetto
Action________
Patient teaching-reduces absorption of ______
risk for false ______.
Will have a _____ effect
Action-you for prostate health
Patient teaching-reduces absorption of iron
risk for false positive prostate Specific antigen test.
Will have a diuretic effect
Nolog ( insulin aspart)
____ acting insulin
Onset-Less than _____ minutes
Peak -____ hour
duration -___ hours
Given with meals
Rapid acting insulin
Onset-Less than 15 minutes
Peak -1 hour
duration -3 hours
Given with meals
Humalog ( insulin lispro)
_____ acting insulin
Onset-Less than _____ minutes
Peak -____ hour
duration -___ hours
Given with meals
Rapid acting insulin
Onset-Less in 15 minutes
Peak -1hr
Duration-3hrs
Novolin R (regular) insuslin
_____ acting insulin
What color is it____
Onset- ___hr
Peak- ____hrs
Duration- ____hrs
This is the only one that can be given
____
Clear before the cloudy ( regular insulin first )
Rapid Short acting insulin “clear”
Onset- 1hr
Peak- 2hrs
Duration- 4hrs
This is the only one that can be given IV
NPH
_____ insulin “”
What color is it___?
Onset-___hrs
Peak- _hrs
duration-___hrs
Given ___a day
Intermediate insulin “cloudy”
Onset-4hrs
Peak- 8hrs
duration-12 hours
Given twice a day
Glargine
____ acting insulin
Onset-____ absorption
____peak
Duration-___ hrs
given ___?
long acting insulin
Onset-slow absorption (1.5-2hrs)
No peak
Duration-24 hrs
Given the same time each day
Glulisine
_____ acting insulin
Onset-Less than _____ minutes
Peak -____ hour
duration -___ hours
Given with means
Rapid acting insulin
Onset-Less than 15 minutes
Peak -1 hour
duration -3 hours
Given with meals
What comes first regular or NPH
NPH insulin and regular insulin may be safely mixed and administered as a single injection. Regular insulin should be drawn into the syringe before intermediate-acting insulin to decrease the risk of cross-contaminating multidose vials
(mnemonic – RN: Regular comes before NPH).
Pre mixed insulin is what ratio ?
Onset?
Peak ?
Duration?
70/30
Humulin 70/30
70% NPH/ 30 % is Regular
Onset? 30 minutes
Peak ? 2 hours
Duration? 16 hours
You don’t give Glucophage before ?
Why
Do not give before or 48 hrs after an intravenous pyelogram (IVP) because both these meds combined can cause kidney damage
Glipizide
When do you take it ?
What can it cause to drop?
Have what available?
This med can cause ?
Take in the morning.
May drop glucose levels quickly.
Have a snack available.
This medication can cause jaundice.
Glyburide
When do you take it ?
What can it cause to drop?
Have what available?
This med can cause ?
Take in the morning.
May drop glucose levels quickly.
Have a snack available.
This medication can cause jaundice.
Rosiglitazone
This med can cause ?
May decrease the effectiveness of ?
Can cause jaundice
May decrease the effectiveness of oral contraceptives.
Exenatide
What kind of med ?
May cause what ?
Not recommended due what clients?
*subcutaneous injectable medication
May cause GI distress
Not recommended for clients taking insulin
3 medications Contraindicated to give with oral antidiabetic agents
COW
- ) Corticosteroids
- ) ORAL contraceptive
- ) Warfarin
