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2ND YR 1S > PR TRM INTESTINAL & LUNG FLUKES > Flashcards

PR TRM INTESTINAL & LUNG FLUKES Flashcards

1
Q

Largest intestinal fluke

A

Fasciolopsis buski

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2
Q

Fasciolopsis buski

Common name

A

Giant Intestinal Fluke

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3
Q

Fasciolopsis buski

FH

A

Humans

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4
Q

Fasciolopsis buski

Reservoir Hosts

A

pigs, dogs, rabbits

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5
Q

Fasciolopsis buski

Habitat

A

Duodenum and jejunum (small intestine)

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6
Q

Fasciolopsis buski

1st intermediate host

A

Snails
- Segmentina, Hippeutis, Gyraulus

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7
Q

Fasciolopsis buski

2nd intermediate host

A

Water Plants
- Morning glory or kangkong
- Water caltrop
- Water chestnut
- Lotus

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8
Q

Fasciolopsis buski

IS

A

metacercaria

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9
Q

Fasciolopsis buski

MOT

A

ingestion of encysted metacercariae from aquatic plants

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10
Q

Fasciolopsis buski

Adult worms

A

Elongated, oval

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11
Q

Fasciolopsis buski

Suckers

A

Ventral sucker larger than oral sucker

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12
Q

Fasciolopsis buski

T/F The adult worm has a cephalic cone

A

F

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13
Q

Fasciolopsis buski

Intestinal ceca

A

simple and unbranched

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14
Q

Fasciolopsis buski

Testes and ovary

A

Testes : dendritic and in tandem
Ovary : branched, lies to right of midline

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15
Q

Fasciolopsis buski

Eggs, Operculum, Maturity

A

Hen’s egg appearance
Operculated
Embryonated

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16
Q

Fasciolopsis buski

Indistinguishable from __

A

Fasciola

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17
Q

Fasciolopsis buski

Disease Manifestation

A
  • Intestinal Obstruction and Inflammation = bleeding
  • Fasciolopsiasis
  • Marked eosinophilia & malabsorption
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18
Q

Fasciolopsis buski

Diagnosis

A

DFS, FECT, Kato-Katz

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19
Q

Fasciolopsis buski

Treatment

A

Praziquantel

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20
Q

Echinostoma ilocanum

Common name

A

Garrison’s Fluke

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21
Q

Echinostoma ilocanum

Final host

A

humans

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22
Q

Echinostoma ilocanum

Reservoir hosts

A

dogs, cats, rats, pigs

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23
Q

Echinostoma ilocanum

Habitat

A

small intestine

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24
Q

Echinostoma ilocanum

1st intermediate host

A

Snails
- Gyraulus convexiusculus
- Hippeutis umbilicalis

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25
Q

Echinostoma ilocanum

2nd intermediate host

A

Pila luzonica (kuhol) and Vivipara angularis (susong pampang)

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26
Q

Echinostoma ilocanum

MOT

A

ingestion of metacercariae encysted in snails

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27
Q

Echinostoma ilocanum

IS

A

metacercaria

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28
Q

Echinostoma ilocanum

Adult worms (color and appearance)

A
  • Reddish gray, tapers at the posterior end (thinner)
  • Elongated and spatulate
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29
Q

Echinostoma ilocanum

Suckers

A

Ventral sucker bigger than oral sucker

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30
Q

Echinostoma ilocanum

Unique characteristic of sucker

A
  • Circumoral disk
  • 49-51 collar spines
  • aids in attachment
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31
Q

Echinostoma ilocanum

Testes

A

deeply bilobed and in tandem

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32
Q

Echinostoma ilocanum

Intestinal ceca

A

simple and unbranched

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33
Q

Echinostoma ilocanum

Eggs (Color, Shape)

A
  • Straw colored or light brown, operculated, ovoid
  • Germ ball egg
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34
Q

Echinostoma ilocanum

Operculum, Maturity

A

Operculated (not observable)
Unembryonated

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35
Q

Echinostoma ilocanum

Size comparison to Fasciola

A

Fasciolopsis bigger

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36
Q

Echinostoma ilocanum

Disease manifestation

A
  • Echinostomiasis : inflammation at site of attachment
  • Bloody Diarrhea
  • Intoxication
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37
Q

Echinostoma ilocanum

Diagnosis

A

Stool examination
- FECT
- Kato-Katz

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38
Q

Echinostoma ilocanum

DOC

A

Praziquantel

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39
Q

smallest fluke

A

Heterophyes heterophyes

40
Q

Heterophyes heterophyes

Common name

A

Von Siebold’s Fluke

41
Q

Heterophyes heterophyes

Final host

A

man, birds, various fish-eating mammals

42
Q

Heterophyes heterophyes

MOT

A

ingestion of encysted metacercariae in fish

43
Q

Heterophyes heterophyes

Habitat

A

small intestine

44
Q

Heterophyes heterophyes

1st intermediate host

A

Snails
- Prionella conica

45
Q

Heterophyes heterophyes

2nd intermediate host

A

Brackish and Saltwater Fishes
- Cyrprinidae
Mullet
- Mugil cephalus

46
Q

Heterophyes heterophyes

IS

A

metacercaria

47
Q

Heterophyes heterophyes

Adult worms (shape, tegument)

A
  • Elongated, oval, or pyriform (pear-shaped)
  • Tegument : Fine scale spines
48
Q

Heterophyes heterophyes

Suckers

A
  1. Ventral sucker
  2. Oral sucker
  3. Genital sucker (gonotyl)
49
Q

Heterophyes heterophyes

Testes and ovary

A

Testes : varied
Ovary : globular or lobed

50
Q

Heterophyes heterophyes

Tegument

A

fine scale like spines

51
Q

Heterophyes heterophyes

Eggs

A

Light brown color, ovoid, operculated, small

52
Q

Heterophyes heterophyes

Operculum, Maturity

A

Operculated, Embryonated

53
Q

Heterophyes heterophyes

Abopercular protuberance

A

No abopercular protruberance

54
Q

Heterophyes heterophyes

Disease Manifestation

A
  • local inflammation at site of attachment
  • peptic ulcer diseases and acid peptide disease
  • burrow deep into the intestinal wall
55
Q

Heterophyes heterophyes

Diagnosis

A
  • Egg : FECT, Kato-Katz
  • Adults : Autopsy, Cardiac heterophydiasis
56
Q

Heterophyes heterophyes

DOC

A

Praziquantel

57
Q

Heterophyes heterophyes

Reservoir hosts

A

dogs, cats, birds

58
Q

Paragonimus westermani

Common name

A

Oriental Lung Fluke

59
Q

Paragonimus westermani

Habitat

A

lungs (encysted in lung tissue)

60
Q

Paragonimus westermani

Paratenic host

A

boars (harbor larval stage)

61
Q

Paragonimus westermani

Reservoir hosts

A

dogs, cats, field rats

62
Q

Paragonimus westermani

1st intermediate host

A

Snails
- Brotia asperata
- Antemelania asperata
- Antemelania dactylus

63
Q

Paragonimus westermani

2nd intermediate host

A

Freshwater crab / Talangka
- Sundathelphusa philippina
- Parathelphusa grapsoides
Crayfish

64
Q

Paragonimus westermani

IS

A

metacercaria

65
Q

Paragonimus westermani

MOT

A

ingestion of uncooked or undercooked crabs with metacercaria

66
Q

Paragonimus westermani

part of parasite covered with spines, has an ellipsoidal body, and a small tail

A

Cercaria

67
Q

Paragonimus westermani

play an important role in development of young parasites

A

Cysteine proteases

68
Q

Paragonimus westermani

Adult worms (shape)

A

coffee bean shaped / spoon shaped

69
Q

Paragonimus westermani

Adult worms (color)

A

Reddish brown

70
Q

Paragonimus westermani

Adult worms (shape)

A

Rounded anteriorly and slightly tapered posteriorly

71
Q

Paragonimus westermani

Fibrotic capsules

A

Found in pairs or threes undergo reproduction

72
Q

Paragonimus westermani

small hole/covering where the egg will be released

A

Capsule

73
Q

Paragonimus westermani

T/F It has presence of spines on tegument

A

T

74
Q

Paragonimus westermani

Intestinal ceca

A

wavy

75
Q

Paragonimus westermani

Testes

A

lobed, arranged in opposite (one side)

76
Q

Paragonimus westermani

Ovary

A

anterior to testes and posterior to ventral sucker, has six long unbranched lobes

77
Q

Paragonimus westermani

Eggs

A
  • Golden brown, operculated, big and large
  • Ridge : opercular shoulder
78
Q

Paragonimus westermani

Operculum

A
  • Presence of abopercular thickening
79
Q

Paragonimus westermani

Eggs (embryonated/unembryonated)

A

Unembryonated

80
Q

Paragonimus westermani

Disease Manifestation

A
  • Lung Fluke Disease/Paragonimiasis
  • Erratic Pragonimiasis
  • mimic signs and symptoms of TB, chronic bronchitis, and bronchial asthma
81
Q

Paragonimus westermani

Adult worms provoke

A

granulomatous reaction

82
Q

Paragonimus westermani

Preferred sample

A

sputum

83
Q

Paragonimus westermani

Diagnosis

A
  • Stool Exam : FECT, Kato-Katz
  • X-ray (nonspecific)
  • Complement fixation
  • Loop-mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) test
  • Lung biopsy
84
Q

Paragonimus westermani

DOC

A

Praziquantel

85
Q

Similar to E. ilocanum

A

Artyfechinostomum malayanum

86
Q

Artyfechinostomum malayanum

Collar spines

A

43-45 collar spines

87
Q

Artyfechinostomum malayanum

Testes

A

2 large testes (6-9 lobes in tandem)

88
Q

Artyfechinostomum malayanum

Eggs

A

larger, golden brown, operculated

89
Q

Artyfechinostomum malayanum

A
90
Q

Artyfechinostomum malayanum

2nd intermediate host

A

Lymnaea cumingiana (birabid)

91
Q

Gastrodiscoides hominis

FH and RH

A

Final host: man
Reservoir host: pigs

92
Q

Gastrodiscoides hominis

Habitat

A

colon

93
Q

Gastrodiscoides hominis

1st intermediate host

A

Helicorbis coenosus

94
Q

Gastrodiscoides hominis

2nd intermediate host

A

water plants

95
Q

Gastrodiscoides hominis

Adult worm

A
  • Pink / bright pink in appearance
  • Conical anterior portion
  • Prominent and notched ventral sucker
96
Q

Gastrodiscoides hominis

Eggs

A

operculated, immature, greenish brownish

97
Q

Gastrodiscoides hominis

Disease

A

Light infections : asymptomatic
Heavy infections : mucus diarrhea

2ND YR 1S (16 decks)

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