PR TRM BLOOD FLUKES Flashcards by EJ E

Compared to other life cycles, what does Schitosoma spp. lack?

No metacercaria

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Schistosoma spp.

MOT

skin penetration

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Schistosoma spp.

fork-tailed cercaria

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enzymes present in cercaria that is used to break down skin

Lytic enzymes

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what part of cercaria enters inside the skin

only head of cercaria

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Cercaria without tail

schistosomule

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Eggs (embryonated or unembryonated)

already embryonated

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Egg with larva inside

miracidium

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Miracidium becomes

sporocyst

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where free-swimming miracidium emerges

Freshwater

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Sporocyst reproduce asexually and become free swimming

cercaria

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swims toward light (detects antigens from human host)

Chemotaxis

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Schistosoma spp.

Male worm characteristics

shorter and thick

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Schistosoma spp.

Female worm characteristics

longer and thin/slender

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Schistosoma spp.

where worms copulate

copula

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Schistosoma spp.

where female is found on the male

inside the gynecophoric canal

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Schistosoma spp.

man

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Schistosoma spp.

snails

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Schistosoma spp.

Habitat

mesenteric veins, blood

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Schistosoma spp.

male (testes)

testes arranged in one row above ventral sucker

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Schistosoma spp.

female (ovary)

single pyramidal ovary located in midline

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Schistosoma spp.

worm ingest

red blood cells

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Schistosoma spp.

Purpose of hemoglobinase

breaks down globulin and hemoglobin

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Schistosoma japonicum

Common name

Oriental Blood Fluke

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Schistosoma japonicum Habitat

Superior mesenteric vein of small intestine

Schistosoma japonicum Intermediate Host

Oncomelania hupensis quadrasi

Schistosoma japonicum Adult Stages

Largest

Schistosoma japonicum Location of Ovary

Middle

Schistosoma japonicum Egg Production

Greatest (3000 eggs per worm pair per day)

Schistosoma japonicum Integumentary Tuberculations

None

Schistosoma japonicum Number of Testes

6-8

Schistosoma japonicum Eggs

- 50-100 eggs - Oval with recurved hook or knob, smallest - Acid-fast positive

Schistosoma japonicum Reservoir Host

Humans and other mammals (dogs, pigs, cats, carabaos, rodents, monkeys)

Schistosoma japonicum Disease Manifestation

- Snail Fever - Pulmonary Schistosomiasis - Katayama Syndrome/Fever - Colorectal cancer - Hyperplasia - Ulceration and Intestinal lining - Grand abscess

Schistosoma japonicum Type of parasite

Romantic parasite due to perpetual copulation

Schistosoma japonicum Sample

Stool, rectal biopsy

Schistosoma mansoni Common name

Manson’s Blood Fluke

Schistosoma mansoni Habitat

Inferior mesenteric vein of the colon

Schistosoma mansoni IH

Biomphalaria

Schistosoma mansoni Adult stages

smallest

Schistosoma mansoni Location of ovary

Anterior 1⁄2

Schistosoma mansoni Egg Production

190-300 eggs/day

Schistosoma mansoni Integumentary Tuberculations

Prominent/Grossly tuberculated

Schistosoma mansoni Number of Testes

8-9 (arranged in a zigzag pattern)

Schistosoma mansoni Eggs

- Elliptical with lateral spine - Acid-fast positive

Schistosoma mansoni Reservoir Host

Humans, non-human primates

Schistosoma mansoni Disease Manifestation

- Intestinal Bilharziasis - Acute Schistosomiasis = Katayama like fever - Nephrotic syndrome

Schistosoma haematobium Common name

Vesical Blood Fluke

Schistosoma haematobium Habitat

Vesical, Prostatic, Uterine Plexuses of the Venous Circulation

Schistosoma haematobium Intermediate Host

Bulinus

Schistosoma haematobium Location of ovary

Posterior 1⁄2

Schistosoma haematobium Egg Production

30 eggs/day

Schistosoma haematobium Integumentary Tuberculations

Fine

Schistosoma haematobium Number of Testes

4-5

Schistosoma haematobium Eggs

- Elliptical with terminal spine - Acid-fast negative

Schistosoma haematobium Reservoir hosts

Humans

Schistosoma haematobium Disease Manifestation

- Urinary Bilharziasis, Egyptian Hematuria - dysuria and hematuria - Granuloma formation : fibrosis and ulceration - Bladder carcinoma

Schistosoma spp. Diagnosis

- Stool Exam : Kato-Katz, DFS, FECT - Modified Acid-Fast Staining - Detection of Eggs in urine - Faust-Meleney’s Egg Hatching Technique - COPT (Circumoval Precipitin Test)

Determine the viability of the egg

Faust-Meleney’s Egg Hatching Technique

Positive result of COPT (Circumoval Precipitin Test)

bleb or septate precipitates

COPT (Circumoval Precipitin Test) Sample

serum

COPT (Circumoval Precipitin Test) Reagent

Lyophilized schistosome egg

Schistosoma spp. Treatment

Praziquantel

eggs with hour glass in appearance

Schistosoma intercalatum

Schistosoma intercalatum Eggs

similar to S. haematobium, there is curvature of the spine, presence of central-bulge

Schistosoma sp. with Eggs smaller than S. japonicum

Schistosoma mekongki

cause swimmer’s itch, lake itch, duck itch

Avian Schistosomes

sac-like, glandular structure

Schistosoma japonicum sporocyst