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2ND YR 1S > PR CST > Flashcards

PR CST Flashcards

1
Q

smallest tapeworm of man and most common cestode infection

A

Hymenolepis nana

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2
Q

Hymenolepis spp.

Habitat

A

small intestine (upper portion of ileum)

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3
Q

Hymenolepis spp.

MOT

A
  • ingestion
  • H. nana : Autoinfection
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4
Q

Hymenolepis nana

FH

A

Humans

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5
Q

Hymenolepis nana

Common name

A

Dwarf tapeworm

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6
Q

Hymenolepis nana

IH

A
  • Ctenocephalides canis (Dog Flea)
  • Pulex irritans (Human Flea)
  • Xenopsylla cheopsis (Rat Flea)
  • Tenebrio (Rice Beetle)
  • Tribolium (Flour Beetle)
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7
Q

Hymenolepis nana

IS

A
  1. Indirect - Cysticercoid
  2. Direct - Embryonated Egg
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8
Q

Hymenolepis nana

Adult Worm (Scolex)

A
  • Subglobular or rhomboidal
  • Four suckers
  • Armed rostellum : 20-30 hooklets
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9
Q

Hymenolepis nana

Mature Proglottid (Testes and Ovary)

A

Testes - 3 ovoid
Ovary - 1 bilobed

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10
Q

Hymenolepis nana

Gravid Proglottid

A
  • Twice as wide as long
  • Sac-like uterus filled with eggs
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11
Q

Hymenolepis nana

Egg

A
  • Circular and thin-shelled
  • Oncosphere with hexacanth embryo
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12
Q

Hymenolepis nana

Egg (# of hooklets)

A

6 hooklets

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13
Q

Hymenolepis nana

Egg (polar thickenings and polar filaments)

A

Presence of polar thickenings and 4-8 polar filaments

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14
Q

Hymenolepis diminuta

FH & AH

A

FH : Rat
AH : humans

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15
Q

Hymenolepis diminuta

Common name

A

Rat tapeworm

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16
Q

Hymenolepis diminuta

IH

A

Variety of arthropods
- cockroach, rat flea, flour moths, flour beetles

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17
Q

Hymenolepis diminuta

IS

A

Cysticercoid larva

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18
Q

Hymenolepis diminuta

Adult Worm (Scolex)

A
  • Knob shaped and unarmed rostellum
  • 4 suckers
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19
Q

Hymenolepis diminuta

Mature Proglottid (Testes and Ovary)

A
  • Wide but short
  • Testes : 3 ovoid
  • Ovary : 1
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19
Q

Hymenolepis diminuta

Gravid Proglottid

A

Very wide but short

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20
Q

Hymenolepis diminuta

Eggs

A
  • large, ovoid, yellowish
  • striated shell
  • six-hooked oncosphere
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21
Q

Hymenolepis diminuta

Eggs appearance

A

Fried egg appearance

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22
Q

Hymenolepis diminuta

Egg (polar thickenings and polar filaments)

A

Presence of polar thickenings, but no polar filaments

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23
Q

Hymenolepis diminuta

Eggs (hooklets)

A

fan-like arrangement

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24
Q

Hymenolepis spp.

Pathology

A

Adult : epigastric pain, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, diarrhea

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25
Q

Hymenolepis spp.

Diagnosis

A

Stool exam

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26
Q

Hymenolepis spp.

Treatment

A

Praziquantel

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27
Q

Dipylidium caninum

Common name

A

Double Pored Tapeworm, Dog Tapeworm, Flea Tapeworm, Cucumber Tapeworm

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28
Q

Dipylidium caninum

FH & AH

A

FH : dogs, cats
AH : man

29
Q

Dipylidium caninum

Habitat

A

small intestine

30
Q

Dipylidium caninum

IH

A
  • Ctenocephalides canis (dogs)
  • Ctenocephalides felis (cats)
31
Q

Dipylidium caninum

IS

A

cysticercoid larva

32
Q

Dipylidium caninum

MOT

33
Q

Dipylidium caninum

Scolex

A

Globular, 4 suckers, armed and rosette-like w 1-7 circles of spine

33
Q

Dipylidium caninum

Mature Proglottid

A
  • 2 genital pores on each side (left and right)
  • 2 sets of reproductive organs
34
Q

Dipylidium caninum

Egg

A
  • enclosed in an egg capsule with 8-15 eggs per capsule
  • eggs : spherical and striated
35
Q

Dipylidium caninum

Gravid proglottid

A
  • looks like a cucumber (size and shape of pumpkin seed); melon shaped
  • with 2 genital pores
36
Q

Dipylidium caninum

Pathology

A
  • Asymptomatic
  • Heavy infections : abdominal pain, anal pruritus may occur
36
Q

Dipylidium caninum

Diagnosis

A

Recovery of ova/segment/scolex

37
Q

Dipylidium caninum

Treatment

A

Praziquantel

38
Q

Raillietina garrisoni

Common name

A

Common tapeworm of rats, Madagascar worm

39
Q

Raillietina garrisoni

FH & AH

A

FH : rats
AH : man

40
Q

Raillietina garrisoni

Habitat

A

small intestine

41
Q

Raillietina garrisoni

IH

A

Tribolium confusum (beetle)

42
Q

Raillietina garrisoni

IS

A

Cysticercoid larva

43
Q

Raillietina garrisoni

MOT

44
Q

Raillietina garrisoni

Scolex

A

Armed rostellum with alternating circular rows of 90-140 hooks

45
Q

Raillietina garrisoni

Shape of hooklets

A

Hammer-shaped hooklets

46
Q

Raillietina garrisoni

Gravid Proglottid

A

Rice grain appearance

46
Q

Raillietina garrisoni

Egg

A
  • Enclosed in egg capsule (spindle-shaped appearance)
  • Enclosed in outer elongated membrane and inner spherical membrane
47
Q

Raillietina garrisoni

Disease

A
  • Asymptomatic
  • Children usually affected - proglottids passed out
47
Q

Raillietina garrisoni

Diagnosis

A

Recover of egg/Scolex

47
Q

Raillietina garrisoni

Treatment

A

Praziquantel

48
Q

Echinococcus granulosus

Common name

A

Hydatid Tapeworm

49
Q

Echinococcus granulosus

FH

A

Canines (Dogs)

49
Q

Echinococcus granulosus

Habitat

A

small intestine

50
Q

Echinococcus granulosus

IH

A

sheep, goat, swine, cattle, horses, camel, humans (accidental)

50
Q

Echinococcus granulosus

IS

A

hydatid cyst

51
Q

Echinococcus granulosus

MOT

51
Q

Echinococcus granulosus

Adult Worm (Scolex)

A

prominent rosette w/ double rows, 28-40 hooklets, 4 cuplike suckers

52
Q

Echinococcus granulosus

Proglottids

A

1 mature, 1 immature, 1 Gravid

52
Q

Echinococcus granulosus

Eggs

A

identical and indistinguishable from Taenia eggs

53
Q

Echinococcus granulosus

Different layers of Hydatid Cyst

A
  1. Adventitial / Collagen layer
  2. Laminated layer
  3. Germinal layer
53
Q

Echinococcus granulosus

small version of the whole hydatid cyst

A

Daughter cyst

54
Q

Echinococcus granulosus

Hydatid cyst ruptures releases ____

A

hydatid fluid and hydatid sand

55
Q

Echinococcus granulosus

Pathology (Larva)

A
  • Cysticercosis involving soft tissues
  • Cystic Hydatid Disease
  • Cystic Echinococcus
56
Q

Echinococcus granulosus

Diagnosis

A
  • X-ray, serological test, MRI, ELISA
  • Bentonite Flocculation Test
  • Casoni Intradermal Test
57
Q

Echinococcus granulosus

Treatment

A
  • Surgical Resection
  • Albendazole, Praziquantel
  • PAIR
58
Q

Echinococcus granulosus

What does PAIR mean?

A

P - Puncture
A - Aspirate
I - Inject
R - Reaspirate

59
Q

T/F H. nana is the only human tapeworm in which an immediate host is not necessary.

2ND YR 1S (16 decks)

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