POZZULO (Procedure, Results, Conclusions) Flashcards
Describe the procedure for the children.
- Preparation stage:
Parents were given written consent forms. 3 female experimenters wore smart-causal clothes to the children school and told them they were doing a project on TV shows and computer games. (Briefed) .Did some craft activities to inc comf. It was made clear they could change could change their minds about joining (no trouble). - Pre experimental phase
Tested individually
Asked to pay attention as they would be asked some questions after. - Experimental phase
Following each video there was a filler questions. Then were given probing questions. Target present- point to photo. Target absent- point to silhouette
Responses (pouting) recorded by researches
What was the filler question?
What did the character/person look like?
What instructions were each ppt given?
“Look at the photos
The person/cartoon may not be here. If you see the person/ cartoon point you the photo. If you don’t point to this box (silhouette)”
Describe the procedure for adults
Pre experiment
1. Given a written consent form
2. They were told the study was about memory
3. Asked to pay attentions as they would be asked some questions.
4. They were tested individually
Experimental phase:
1. Following each video they were asked a filler question “What did the cartoon/person look like?”
2. The ppts wrote down their responses
3. Ppts were told to look at the photos. The person/cartoon may not be here….
4. Adults indicated their choice on a matching sheet
Quantitative results for target present line ups?
Children had 23% correct identification for human faces.
Children had 99% correct identification for cartoon faces.
Adults had 66% correct identification for human faces.
Adults had 95% correct identification for cartoon faces.
What were the quantitative results for target absent line ups?
Children had 45% correct rejection for human faces.
Children had 74% correct rejection for cartoon faces.
Adults had 70% correct rejection for human faces.
Adults had 94% correct rejection for cartoon faces.
Overall results according to research questions
Children were more accurate in identifying cartoon faces (99%) than human faces (23%)
Adults were better at identifying human faces significantly (66%) than children (23%)
Adults were better at correctly identifying target absent for human and cartoon faces.
Conclusions
- Errors in childrens decision making is due to social rather than cognitive factors.
- They could easily find correct cartoon faces in target present line ups (excellent memory)
- but felt an expectation to make a selection when target was absent leading to a false positive result.
- Both cognitive and social factors will affect (to an extent) identification/ rejection rates.
- Overall, Social factors play a larger part in decision making in target absent line ups for kids.
How much videos did each ppt watch?
4 videos one for each condition.
Human/ cartoon Target present/absent
Examples of randomisation in the study
The position of each target in the line up was randomised.
The videos were presented in a random order.
Videos and photo arrays were presented on…
13 inch laptops
What is smart-casual clothing ?
Blouse, sweater, dress pants
The iv?
Age (children v adults)
Line up type (target present v absent)
Level of cognitive demand (familiar- low demand vs unfamiliar high demand)
Research method and design?
Method- lab experiment
Design-
Iv 1 - IMD
Iv 2 and 3 - RMD
Dv?
Whether ppt identified correct face if presentor empty silhouette if absent
