Andrade- (key Words)

Question 1

What was the aim of the study?

Answer 1

To find out whether doodling assisted information processing.
( by inc attentiveness OR by enhancing memory)

Question 2

Methodology

Answer 2

Lab experiment
IGD: Ppts were either in the doodling or control group.

Question 3

Sample
MRC- medical research council)

Answer 3

40 members: of a MRC for cognitive research)

Opportunity sample: Ppts were recruited from another study at the UNI. This was done to enhance boredom.

Age: 18-55

Gender: mostly female (5 males)

Question 4

Independent variable

Answer 4

Whether they doodled or not

Question 5

Dependent variable

Answer 5

Memory recall
(scores on the recall test)

Question 6

Define attention

Answer 6

The concentration of mental effort on a particular stimulus.

Question 7

Focused attention

Answer 7

Picking out and focusing on a particular input from a mass of info.

Question 8

Divided attention

Answer 8

The ability to split mental effort simultaneously between 2 tasks.

(The ability to divide attention is easier when the task is simple, well rehearsed, reflexive)

Question 9

Primary tasks

Answer 9

Main task

Question 10

Concurrent talks

Answer 10

Additional/secondary task

Question 11

Attention- continued

Answer 11

Whether or not we attend to a stimulus determines whether we remember it. As attention is required for the encoding/storage stage of the memory process. (Recall can thus be used as a measure of attention!

Question 12

Working memory model

Answer 12

It’s a human memory model that suggests memory is an active system with several connected parts that can represent the form of processing being carried out (sometimes simultaneously ). It comprised of the central executive which controls and coordinates the phonological loop and visual sketch pad.

Question 13

Working memory model and doodling.

Answer 13

Daydreaming is linked to arousal and takes cognitive resources away from the primary tasks by dividing attention . However, doodling takes less cognitive resources away from the primary task and is linked to arousal more positively by raising arousal when we are sleepy or reduce arousal if u are agitated due to boredom.

Question 14

Background- Andrades assumptions

Answer 14

Doodling (concurrent task) and would interfere less with overall processing (central executive) doodling should thus improve attention and recall should inc. The primary task (listening) is an auditory task, doodling is a visuo-special task. This ensures that the 2 talks wouldn’t be directly competing for 1 memory resource.

Question 15

Arousal definition

Answer 15

The extent to which we are alert/responsive to external stimuli.

Question 16

The central executive

Answer 16

Controls attention
Co-ordinates the phonological loop and the visuospatial sketch pad.

Question 17

The phonological loop

Answer 17

Handles auditory info

Question 18

Visuospatial sketch pad

Answer 18

Processes visual and spacial info.