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Posterior Wall Abdomen/Urinary Flashcards

1
Q

what does the cortex of the adrenal gland secrete

A

corticoids - mineralo, gluco, gonado

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2
Q

what does the medulla of the adrenal gland secret

A

epinephrine and norepinephrine

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3
Q

what cells secrete epi and norepi

A

chromaffin cells

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4
Q

shape of right adrenal gland

A

pyramidal

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5
Q

shape of left adrenal gland

A

semilunar

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6
Q

blood supply to the adrenal glands

A
  1. superior suprarenal arteries from the inferior phrenic artery
  2. middle suprarenal artery from the aorta
  3. inferior suprarenal artery from the renal artery
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7
Q

venous supply to adrenal glands

A
  1. right suprarenal vein straight from aorta

2. left suprarenal vein from left renal vein

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8
Q

2 nutcracker phenomenons

A
  1. SMA crosses the left renal vein, aorta behind

2. SMA crosses the 3rd part of duod, aorta behind

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9
Q

what blood supply does the IVC recieve?

A

lower limbs, posterior abdominal wall, kidneys, suprarenal glands NOT GUT OR LIVER

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10
Q

formation of IVC

A

union of common iliac v at L5

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11
Q

nerves of the lumbar plexus

A

ventral rami from L1-L4

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12
Q

what do paraoartic nodes drain?

A

all abdominal structures and receive lower limb vessel drainage

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13
Q

what do preaortic nodes drain?

A

GI tract

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14
Q

trace lymph flow in abdomen

A

lower limb vessels and abdominal structures->paraoartic nodes and GI tract->preaortic nodes –> both drain upward into thoracic duct

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15
Q

location of lumbar plexus

A

under posas major

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16
Q

nerve root of iliohypogastric nerve

A

L1

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17
Q

nerve root ilioinguinal nerve

A

L1

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18
Q

nerve root genitofemoral n

A

L1-L2

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19
Q

nerve root lateral femoral cutaneous nerve

A

L2-L3

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20
Q

nerve root femoral nerve

A

L2-L4

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21
Q

nerve root obturator nerve

A

L2-L4

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22
Q

location iliohypogastric nerve

A

between transversus abdominus and internal abdominal oblique across quadratus lumborum

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23
Q

location ilioinguinal nerve

A

IS A BRANCH OF ILIOHYPOGASTRIC between transversus abd and internal ab obliques, travels in inguinal canal through superficial inguinal ring

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24
Q

innvervation of ilioinguinal nerve

A
  1. labia majora
  2. anterior scrotum
  3. superficial groin area
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25
innervation of genitofemoral n
1. testes 2. labia majora 3. femoral branches supply anterior thigh
26
location genitofemoral n
punches through psoas major, travels along anterior surface, runs through entire inguinal canal through deep and superficial rings
27
location lat fem cutaneous
across iliacus, under inguinal ligament medial to ASIS
28
location obturator n
medial to psoas, into pelvis, leaves via obturator foramen
29
bony elements of posterior abdominal wall
1. bodies of vertebrae L1-L5 2. ribs 11 and 12 3. iliac fossae (ilia) of os coxae
30
origin psoas major
lateral surface of T12-L5 vertebra
31
insertion psoas major
lesser trochanter
32
innervation psoas major
ventral rami of L1-L3
33
origin iliacus
iliac fossa, lateral aspect of sacrum
34
insertion iliacus
lesser trochanter
35
innervation iliacus
femoral nerve
36
origin quadratus lumborum
iliac crest
37
insertion quadratus lumborum
12th rib, transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae
38
innervation quadratus lumborum
ventral rami T12-L4
39
major hip flexors in abdomen
psoas major and iliacus
40
function of quadratus lumborum
lateral flexion, trunk support
41
location aortic hiatus
T12
42
location esophageal hiatus
T10
43
location caval hiatus
T8
44
structures in aortic hiatus
1. aorta 2. thoracic duct 3. azygos vein
45
structures in esophageal hiatus
1. esophagus | 2. vagus trunks
46
structures in caval hiatus
1. IVC | 2. right and left phrenic nerves
47
what pass with the diaphragmatic crura?
splanchnic nerves and hemiazygos veins
48
what structure is posterior to medial arcuate ligament?
sympathetic trunk, psoas major
49
structure posterior to lateral arcuate ligament
12th rib, quadratus lumborum
50
where do the diaphragmatic crura attach
vertebral bodies of L1-L3
51
retroperitoneal organs
1. suprarenal glands 2. aorta and IVC 3. 2nd and 4th portions of duodenum 4. pancreas except tail 5. ureters 6. ascending and descending colon 7. kidneys 8. esophagus 9. rectum
52
what organs/structures lie on top of right kidney
1. suprarenal gland 2. liver 3. duodenum 4. hepatic flexure 5. small intestine
53
what organs lie on top of left kidney
1. suprarenal gland 2. stomach 3. pancreas 4. splenic flexure 5. descending colon 6. spleen 7. jejunum
54
where is the level of the left kidney
T11-T12
55
where is the level of the right kidney
T12-T13
56
what surrounds the kidney?
perirenal/perinephric fat, enclosed in renal fascia, surrounded by more pararenal fat
57
describe space near kidney
there is a potential space between the right kidney and liver that should not be fluid filled, but in ascites, fluid may build up here
58
describe flow of urine through kidney structures
enters glomerulus/renal corpuscle, flows to proximal tubule, loop of henle, distal tubule, collecting duct to renal papilla to minor calyx to major calyx, to renal pelvis, to ureter to bladder
59
what structures are in the cortex of the kidney
glomerulus and tubules
60
what structures are in the medulla of the kidney
collecting ducts and loop of henle
61
describe location of vasculature in kidney
vein, artery, ureter
62
3 points of narrowing of ureters
1. ureteropelvic junction 2. pelvic inlet - crossing common iliac arteries 3. entrance into bladder
63
blood supply to ureters
1. renal arteries from aorta 2. branches from abd aorta 3. branches from gonadal arteries 4. branches from common iliac arteries 5. branches from internal iliac arteries

MGA (27 decks)

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