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MGA > Arm, Elbow, Anterior Forearm, Posterior Forearm > Flashcards

Arm, Elbow, Anterior Forearm, Posterior Forearm Flashcards

1
Q

innervation of biceps brachii

A

musculocutaneous n

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2
Q

blood supply biceps brachii

A

brachial artery

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3
Q

origin bicep brachii

A

supraglenoid tubercle (long head), coracoid process (short head)

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4
Q

insertion bicep brachii

A

radial tuberosity, bicipital aponeurosis

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5
Q

action bicep brachii

A

flexes and supinates forearm, weak flexor of shoulder

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6
Q

origin coracobrachialis

A

coracoid process

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7
Q

insertion coracobrachialis

A

medial humerus midshaft

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8
Q

innervation coracobrachialis

A

musculocutaneous

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9
Q

blood supply coracobrachialis

A

brachial a

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10
Q

action coracobrachialis

A

strong arm adductor and flexor

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11
Q

origin brachialis

A

distal shaft of humerus

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12
Q

insertion brachialis

A

coronoid process and tuberosity of ulna

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13
Q

innervation brachialis

A

musculocutaneous

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14
Q

blood supply brachialis

A

brachial artery

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15
Q

action brachialis

A

flexes forearm

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16
Q

origin triceps brachii

A

long head: infraglenoid tubercle lateral head: posterior shaft of humerus middle head: distal 2/3 medial/posterior humerus

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17
Q

insertion triceps brachii

A

olecranon process of ulna

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18
Q

innervation triceps bracii

A

radial nerve

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19
Q

blood supply triceps brachii

A

profunda brachii artery

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20
Q

action of tricep brachii

A

extension of forearm, weak arm extensor

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21
Q

muscles making up the superficial layer of the anterior forearm: (4)

A

pronator teres, flexor carpi radialis, palmaris longus, flexor carpi ulnaris

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22
Q

origin pronator teres

A

medial epicondyle and proximal ulna

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23
Q

insertion pronator teres

A

mid shaft of the radius

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24
Q

innervation pronator teres

A

median nerve

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25
Q

blood supply pronator teres

A

anterior ulnar recurrent artery

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26
Q

action pronator teres

A

pronates and flexes forearm

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27
Q

origin flexor carpi radialis

A

medial epicondyle

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28
Q

insertion flexor carpi radialis

A

base of 2nd and 3rd metacarpals

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29
Q

innervation flexor carpi radialis

A

median nerve

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30
Q

blood supply flexor carpi radialis

A

radial artery

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31
Q

action flexor carpi radialis

A

flexes and abducts wrist

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32
Q

origin palmaris longus

A

medial epicondyle

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33
Q

insertion palmaris longus

A

palmar aponeurosis

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34
Q

innervation palmaris longus

A

median nerve

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35
Q

blood supply palmaris longus

A

posterior ulnar recurrent artery

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36
Q

action palmaris longus

A

flexes hand at wrist, tenses palmar aponeurosis

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37
Q

origin flexor carpi ulnaris

A

medial epicondyle

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38
Q

insertion flexor carpi ulnaris

A

pisiform, hook of hamate, base of 5th metacarpal

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39
Q

innervation flexor carpi ulnaris

A

ulnar nerve

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40
Q

blood supply flexor carpi ulnaris

A

flexes and adducts wrist

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41
Q

intermediate layer of anterior forearm

A

flexor digitorum superficialis

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42
Q

origin flexor digitorum superficialis

A

medial epicondyle of humerus and shaft of radius

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43
Q

insertion of flexor digitorum superficialis

A

middle phalanges 2-5

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44
Q

innervation flexor digitorum superficialis

A

median nerve

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45
Q

blood supply flexor digitorum superficialis

A

ulnar artery

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46
Q

action flexor digitorum superficialis

A

flexes wrist, flexes digits 2-5

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47
Q

deep layer of anterior forearm (3)

A

flexor digitorum profundus, flexor pollicis longus, pronator quadratus

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48
Q

origin flexor digitorum profundus

A

ulna, interosseous membrane

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49
Q

insertion flexor digitorum profundus

A

distal phalanges 2-5

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50
Q

innervation flexor digitorum profundus

A

LATERAL 2 BELLIES anterior inerosseous nerve MEDIAL 2 BELLIES ulnar nerve

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51
Q

blood supply flexor digitorum profundus

A

anterior interosseous artery

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52
Q

action flexor digitorum profundus

A

flexes wrist and digits 2-5

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53
Q

origin flexor pollicis longus

A

radius, interosseous membrane

54
Q

insertion flexor pollicis longus

A

distal phalanx digit 1

55
Q

innervation flexor pollicis longus

A

anterior interosseous nerve

56
Q

action flexor pollicis longus

A

flexes wrist and digit 1

57
Q

origin pronator quadratus

A

distal ulna

58
Q

insertion pronator quadratus

A

distal radius

59
Q

innervation pronator quadratus

A

anterior interosseous nerve

60
Q

blood supply pronator quadratus

A

anterior interosseous artery

61
Q

action pronator quadratus

A

pronates forearm

62
Q

superficial layer posterior forearm (6)

A

brachioradialis, extensor carpi radialis longus, extensor carpi radialis brevis, extensor digitorum, extensor digiti minimi, extensor carpi ulnaris

63
Q

origin brachioradialis

A

lateral supracondylar ridge

64
Q

insertion brachioradialis

A

styloid process of radius

65
Q

innervation brachioradialis

A

radial nerve

66
Q

blood supply brachioradialis

A

radial recurrent artery

67
Q

action of brachioradialis

A

flexor of forearm in midprone, midsupine position

68
Q

origin of extensor carpi radialis longus

A

lateral supracondylar ridge

69
Q

insertion extensor carpi radialis longus

A

base of 2nd metacarpal

70
Q

innervation extensor carpi radialis longus

A

radial nerve

71
Q

blood supply extensor carpi radialis longus

A

radian artery

72
Q

action extensor carpi radialis longus

A

extends and abducts wrist

73
Q

origin extensor carpi radialis brevis

A

lateral epicondyle

74
Q

insertion extensor carpi radialis brevis

A

base of 3rd metacarpal

75
Q

innervation extensor carpi radialis brevis

A

deep branch of radial nerve

76
Q

blood supply extensor carpi radialis brevis

A

radian artery

77
Q

action extensor carpi radialis brevis

A

extends and abducts wrist

78
Q

origin extensor digitorum

A

lateral epicondyle

79
Q

insertion extensor digitorum

A

extensor hoods of digits 2-5

80
Q

innervation extensor digitorum

A

deep branch radial nerve

81
Q

blood supply extensor digitorum

A

posterior interosseous artery

82
Q

action extensor digitorum

A

extends digits 2-5, extends wrist

83
Q

origin extensor digiti minimi

A

lateral epicondyle

84
Q

insertion extensor digit minimi

A

extensor hood of digit 5

85
Q

innervation extensor digiti minimi

A

deep branch radial nerve

86
Q

blood supply extensor digiti minimi

A

posterior interosseous artery

87
Q

action extensor digiti minimi

A

extend digit 5

88
Q

deep posterior forearm (6):

A

anconeus, supinator, abductor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis brevis, extensor pollicis longus, extensor indicies

89
Q

origin of anconeus

A

lateral epicondyle

90
Q

insertion anconeus

A

olecranon and proximal ulna

91
Q

innervation anconeus

A

radial nerve

92
Q

blood supply anconeus

A

profunda brachii

93
Q

action anconeus

A

abducts ulna during pronation, accessory to elbow extension

94
Q

origin supinator

A

ulna distal to radial notch, and lateral epicondyle

95
Q

insertion supinator

A

proximal radius

96
Q

innervation supinator

A

deep branch radial nerve

97
Q

blood supply supinator

A

radial recurrent artery

98
Q

action supinator

A

supinates forearm

99
Q

origin abductor pollicis longus

A

ulna, radius, interosseous membrane

100
Q

insertion abductor pollicis longus

A

base of metacarpal 1

101
Q

innervation abductor pollicis longus

A

posterior interosseous nerve

102
Q

blood supply abductor pollicis longus

A

posterior interosseous artery

103
Q

action abductor pollicis longus

A

abducts thumb

104
Q

origin extensor pollicis brevis

A

radius, interosseous membrane

105
Q

insertion extensor pollicis brevis

A

proximal phalanx of pollex

106
Q

innervation extensor pollicis brevis

A

posterior interosseous nerve

107
Q

blood supply extensor pollicis brevis

A

posterior interosseous artery

108
Q

action extensor pollicis brevis

A

extend thumb

109
Q

origin extensor pollicis longus

A

ulna and interosseous membrane

110
Q

insertion extensor pollicis longus

A

distal phalanx of pollex

111
Q

innervation extensor pollicis longus

A

posterior interosseous nerve

112
Q

blood supply extensor pollicis longus

A

posterior interosseous artery

113
Q

action of extensor pollicis longus

A

extends index finger (digit 2)

114
Q

what does the anatomical snuffbox consist of?

A

abductor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis brevis, extensor pollicis longus and radial artery

115
Q

what travels through the carpal tunnel?

A

the 4 tendons from flexor digitorum superficialis, flexor digitorum profundus, the median nerve, and the flexor pollicis longus also included: the ulnar and radial bursa

116
Q

what is in the ulnar bursa?

A

common flexor sheath of superficialis and profundus flexor tendons

117
Q

what is in the radial bursa?

A

tendinous sheath for flexor pollicis longus

118
Q

deep posterior compartment

119
Q

what is tennis elbow?

A

lateral epicondylitis, due to the superficial layer of posterior compartment muscles overuse (common extensor origin)

120
Q

what is golfer’s elbow?

A

medial epicondylitis, due to inflammation of common flexor origins (pronator teres, flexor carpi radialis, palmaris longus, flexor carpi ulnaris)

121
Q

what are the bones in the hand?

A

“some lovers try positions that they cannot handle”

scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform, trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate

122
Q

MCP joint

A

metacarpophalangeal joint

123
Q

PIP joint

A

proximal interphalangeal joint

124
Q

DIP

A

distal interphalangeal joint

125
Q

CM joint

A

carpometacarpal joint

126
Q

wrist joint

A

radio-carpal joint

127
Q

what is the most commonly fractured carpal bone?

A

scaphoid, fall on the palm with hand abducted

could lead to avascular necrosis due to the poor blood supply

palpate in the anatomical snuffbox with hand adducted

128
Q

what is the shape of the carpometacarpal joint for the thumb and why is that important

A

saddle shaped, allows for flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, rotation, circumduction of the thumb

129
Q

movement of the metacarpophalangeal joints

A

flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, circumduction NO rotation

130
Q

movement of the interphalangeal joints

A

hinge only, flexion and extension

131
Q

what is the carpal tunnel?

A

the flexor retinaculum that is attached to the hook of hamate, pisiform, trapezium and scaphoid

has the 4 tendons of the flexor digitorum superficialis and profundus, the median nerve, and the flexor pollicus longus tendon

**THE FLEXOR CARPI RADIALIS TENDON DOES NOT PASS UNDER THIS TUNNEL, IT RUNS WITHIN THE FLEXOR RETINACULUM**

132
Q

what is carpal tunnel syndrome?

A

pressure on median nerve due to overuse and swelling of tendons and tendon sheaths, to treat, cut the flexor retinaculum

MGA (27 decks)

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