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Female Reproductive Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

describe location of ureter

A

ureter travels under the uterine artery

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2
Q

what is the muscle of the bladder

A

detrusor

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3
Q

describe contraction and relaxation of the bladder

A

sympathetic reflexes: Detrusor muscle is RELAXED, and internal urethral sphincter is CONTRACTED, no urination
parasympathetic: detrusor muscle is CONTRACTED and internal urethral sphincter is RELAXED, allows urination

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4
Q

composition of internal urethral sphincter

A

smooth muscle

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5
Q

composition of external urethral sphincter

A

skeletal muscle, under somatic control

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6
Q

where is external urethral sphincter located

A

in the deep perineal space

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7
Q

how are parasympathetics conveyed

A

pelvic splanchnics and inferior hypogastric plexus

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8
Q

how are sympathetics conveyed

A

hypogastric plexus

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9
Q

describe bladder when sympathetic innervation

A

internal urethral sphincter contracts, during ejaculation and “stage fright”

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10
Q

compare male and female urethra

A

females have short urethras, males have long urethras

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11
Q

describe mons pubis

A

fatty eminence over pubic symphysis

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12
Q

describe difference between labia majora and minora

A

majora has sebacous glands, hair, and fat, minora is mostly skin folds with some erectile tissue

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13
Q

describe vestibule

A

space surrounded by labia minora containing openings of urethra, vagina, and vestibular glands

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14
Q

parts of the clitoris

A

glans, prepuce, crura

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15
Q

descrive vestibular glands

A

mucus secreting glands on either side of vestibule in superficial space

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16
Q

describe posterior commissure

A

overlies the perineal body, “gooch”

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17
Q

what muscles overlie erectile tissue in the superficial pouch

A
  1. bulbospongiosus

2. ischiocavernosus

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18
Q

what muscles are in the superficial pouch (males and females)

A
  1. bulbospongiosus
  2. ischiocaveronosus
  3. superficial transverse perineal
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19
Q

where are the external genitalia rooted?

A

perineal membrane

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20
Q

where is the crus of clitoris?

A

bilaterally under the ischiocavernosus muscle along the superior pubic rami

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21
Q

what are the erectile tissues of the female perineum

A
  1. crus of clitoris
  2. body of clitoris
  3. glans of clitoris
  4. bulb of the vestibule
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22
Q

what is the glans of clitoris made of

A

corpus cavernosa

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23
Q

what is the female homologue of the penis

A

clitoris

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24
Q

what is the female homologue of the glans penis

A

glans clitoris

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25
Q

what is the female homologue of the corpora cavernosa

A

corpora covernosa clitoris

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26
Q

what is the female homologue of the corpus spongiosum

A

bulb of vestibule

27
Q

what is the female homologue of the ventral penile raphe

A

labia minora

28
Q

what is the female homologue of the scrotum

A

labia majora

29
Q

what is the female homologue of the gubernaculum testis

A

ovarian and round ligaments

30
Q

what is the female homologue of the penis

31
Q

what is the female homologue of the glans penis

A

glans clitoris

32
Q

what is the female homologue of the corpora cavernosa

A

corpora covernosa clitoris

33
Q

what is the female homologue of the corpus spongiosum

A

bulb of vestibule

34
Q

what is the female homologue of the ventral penile raphe

A

labia minora

35
Q

what is the female homologue of the scrotum

A

labia majora

36
Q

what is the female homologue of the gubernaculum testis

A

ovarian and round ligaments

37
Q

2 main peritoneal pouches of the female pelvis

A
  1. rectouterine pouch - between uterus and rectum

2. vesicouterine pouch - between bladder and uterus

38
Q

significance of recouterine pouch

A

when standing, this is the deepest point of the pelvis, so fluid from ascites can pool here

39
Q

how to aspirate fluid from recouterine pouch

A

needle in the posterior fornix of the cervix through vaginal canal

40
Q

what is the peritoneal covering of the structures in the true pelvis?

A

broad ligament of the uterus (COVERS ALL)

41
Q

what connects the ovary to the uterus

A

ligament of the ovary

42
Q

what connects the ovary to the pelvic wall

A

suspensory ligament of the ovary, contains ovarian vessels

43
Q

innermost part of uterus

A

myometrium

44
Q

muscular part of uterus

A

myometrium

45
Q

parts of cervix

A

external os, cervical canal, internal os at the uterine isthmus

46
Q

vaginal fornices

A

anterior, posterior, lateral

47
Q

parts of the uterine tubes

A

coming from the ovary, fimbriae to infundibulum, to ampulla to isthmus of uterus, to fundus of uterus

48
Q

vaginal fornices

A

anterior, posterior, lateral

49
Q

parts of the uterine tubes

A

coming from the ovary, fimbriae to infundibulum, to ampulla to isthmus of uterus, to fundus of uterus

50
Q

what is the position of the uterus relative to vaginal canal and bladder

A

uterus lays on top of bladder, makes angle of anteversion (anteverted and anteflexed)

51
Q

what do surgeons ligate when doing a tubal ligation?

A

fallopian tubes

52
Q

abnormal positions of the uterus

A

retroverted or retroflexed or prolapsed

53
Q

where is the round ligament

A

from uterus through inguinal canal to labia majora

54
Q

what ligament connects the cervix to the sacrum

A

uterosacral ligament

55
Q

what ligament connects the cervix to the pelvic wall

A

transverse/cardinal ligament

56
Q

what is mainly responsible for preventing uterine prolapse

A

pelvic floor muscles - levator ani

57
Q

main parts of broad ligament

A
  1. mesosalpinx
  2. mesovarium
  3. mesometrium
58
Q

where is mesosalpinx

A

suspends uterine tube, has tubal branches of uterine artery and vein

59
Q

where is mesovarium

A

attaches to ovary and covers ovarian ligament

60
Q

where is mesometrium

A

extends from lateral pelvic wall to body of uterus

61
Q

differentiate ligament of ovary and suspensatory ligament of ovary

A

suspensatory ligament of ovary connects ovary to lateral pelvic wall and has ovarian vessels in it, ligament of ovary connects ovary to uterus

62
Q

degrees of uterine prolapse from mild to severe

A

1, 2, 3rd degree

63
Q

drainage of lymph from fundus of the uterus

A

along gonadal vessels straight to para-aortic/lumbar nodes

64
Q

drainage of lymph from body/cervix of uterus

A

to pelvic lymph nodes/internal iliac nodes, then common iliac, then lumbar nodes

MGA (27 decks)

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