Brachial Plexus Flashcards
list the motor ONLY nerves of the brachial plexus?
- dorsal scapular
- subclavian nerve
- long thoracic nerve
- suprascapular
- subscapular
- medial pectoral
- lateral pectoral
list the sensory ONLY nerves of the brachial plexus?
- medial cutaneous nerve of arm
2. medial cutaneous nerve of forearm
list the sensory AND motor nerves of the brachial plexus?
- radial nerve
- axillary nerve
- musculocutaneous nerve
- median nerve
- ulnar nerve
where is the long thoracic nerve located and what happens if it is damaged?
superficial surface of serratus anterior, causes winged scapula, weakened protraction of scapula and difficulty abducting the arm above horizontal
what 3 muscles does the dorsal scapular nerve innervate?
levator scapulae, rhomboid major, rhomboid minor
what does the suprascapular nerve innervate?
motor: supraspinatus, infraspinatus
sensory: glenohumeral joint
what does the nerve to subclavius innervate?
motor: subclavius
sensory: sternoclavicular joint
positioning of the pectoral nerves relative to each other?
the lateral pectoral nerve is actually medial body position, and the medial pectoral nerve is lateral
what does the lateral pectoral nerve innervate?
pectoralis major
what does the medial pectoral nerve innervate?
pectoralis major, pectoralis minor
what does upper subscapular nerve innervate?
subscapularis
what does lower subscapular nerve innervate?
subscapularis, teres major
what does the axillary nerve innervate?
motor: deltoid, teres minor
sensory: skin over upper and lateral arm, glenohumeral joint
how can the axillary nerve be damaged, and what occurs as a result?
fx surgical neck of humerus, dislocation of glenohumeral joint, compression from incorrect crutch use, misplaced IM injection
result: atrophy of deltoid, cutaneous sensory loss, difficulty in abduction
what motor functions does the radial nerve innervate?
all muscles in the posterior compartments of the arm and forearm (triceps brachii, brachioradialis, extensors and abductors, supinator, anconeus)
what sensory functions does the radial nerve innervate?
skin on posterior aspects of arm, forearm and the dorsal lateral surface of hand (thumb, 1st 2 fingers)
what could potentially damage the radial nerve and what are the symptoms?
midshaft fx of humerus damage radial nerve during its course along radial groove
sx: associated with posterior muscles of forearm and skin on the dorsum of hand (every muscle distal to where break occurs)
motor innervations of musculocutaneous nerve?
all muscles in the anterior compartment of arm (biceps, coracobrachialis, brachialis)
sensory innervation of musculocutaneous nerve?
skin on lateral aspect of forearm (lateral cutaneous nerve of forearm) (ulnar side)
motor innervations of median nerve?
all muscles in the anterior compartment of forearm EXCEPT flexor carpi ulnaris and medial half of flexor digitorum profundus, also innervates the thenar muscles of the thumb and lateral 2 lumbricals
sensory innervations of the median nerve?
skin on the tips of lateral 3.5 digits and lateral palmar surface (“median is money”)
when you make the number “3” sign with your hand, which nerves are you testing the sensory function of?
median (lateral 3 digits - thumb) and ulnar (medial 2.5 digits)
motor innervation of the ulnar nerve?
flexor carpi ulnaris, medial half of flexor digitorum profundus, all intrinsic muscles of the hand (EXCEPT thenar muscles of thumb and lateral 2 lumbricals)
sensory innervation of ulnar nerve?
skin on the medial 1.5 digits and medial palmar and dorsal hand surfaces
trace lymph flow in the upper extremity
pectoral and humeral and subscapular lymph nodes drain to the central node in the axilla, central drains to apical, apical drains to infraclavicular, infraclavicular drains to subclavian lymphatic trunk, subclavian lymphatic trunk drains to the right or left lymphatic ducts
which lymph nodes can be palpated?
axillar, cervical, inguinal nodes
