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Anatomy > Posterior forearm and dorsum of hand > Flashcards

Posterior forearm and dorsum of hand Flashcards

1
Q

Where do the extensor muscles have a common place of attachment

A

lateral epicondyle of the humerus (supracondyle ridge)

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2
Q

What happens when the common extensor attchment becomes inflamed

A

Develop ‘tennis elbow’

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3
Q

What happens when the common flexor tendon becomes inflamed

A

develop ‘golfers elbow’

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4
Q

Where does the brachioradialis attach

A

onto the distal radius

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5
Q

Where does brachioradialis has action

A

at the adjacent elbow

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6
Q

Where is the extensor carpi radialis longus in relation to the brachioradialis

A

adjacent to it

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7
Q

Where does the extensor carpi radialis longus run

A

down the radius, crossing the carpals or the wrist bones and attaches on to the base of the second metacarpal.

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8
Q

Why is extensor carpi radialis longus an extensor

A

because it crosses on the dorsum of the wrist and extends the wrist

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9
Q

What is adjacent to the extensor carpi radialis longus

A

extensor carpi radialis brevis

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10
Q

Where does the extensor carpi radialis brevis attach

A

to the base of the third metacarpal

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11
Q

What is the extensor muscle that goes to the index finger called

A

extensor indicis proprius

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12
Q

Where does extensor indicis proprius attach

A

On to the distal phalanx of the index finger

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13
Q

What does extensor digitorum have

A

A common belly that splits into 4 tendons - one for each finger

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14
Q

Which extensor muscle only goes to the little finger

A

extensor digiti minimi

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15
Q

Why does the index and little finger have 2 extensor muscles

A

to allow for a level of independent extension for those 2 fingers

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16
Q

Where does extensor carpi ulnaris attatch

A

On the base of the 5th metacarpal

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17
Q

What is the function of extensor carpi ulnaris

A

extensor of the wrist, it has a balancing action with the extensor carpi radialis

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18
Q

Which nerve supplies the extensor muscles

A

radial

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19
Q

Where does abductor pollicis longus attatch

A

to the base of the 5th metacarpal

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20
Q

What movement does abductor pollicis longus produce

A

Abduction of the thumb

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21
Q

What joint foes abductor pollicis longus effect

A

movements ta the metacarpal joint

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22
Q

What muscle runs with abductor pollicis

A

extensor pollicis brevis

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23
Q

Where does extensor pollicis brevis attatch

A

to the base of the proximal phalanx

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24
Q

What joint foes extensor pollicis brevis effect

A

metacarpal phalangeal joint

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25
Q

Where does extensor pollicis longus attach

A

onto the distal phalanx

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26
Q

What joint does extensor pollicis longus effect

A

extends IP joint of thumb

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27
Q

Which artery runs through the anatomical snuff box

A

radial artery

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28
Q

What is the anatomical snuffbox

A

imaginary anatomical space which is bounded by extensor pollicis longus on one side and the tendons of extensor pollicis brevis along with the abductor pollicis longus on the other side

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29
Q

Where does extensor digitorum arisw

A

from the extensor tendon on the lateral epicondyle

30
Q

What do the 4 tendons of extensor digitorum pass through

A

extensor retinaculum

31
Q

Where does extensor digit minimi arise from and pass under

A

arises from the ulnar side of extensor digitorum and passes under extensor retinaculum by itself.

32
Q

Where does extensor indicis lie and arise

A

lies deep to extensor digitorum and arises from the ulna and interosseous membrane

33
Q

What does extensor indicis pass and under an with what muscle

A

under extensor retinaculum along with extensor digitorum

34
Q

What do the tendons of extensor digitorum do once they pass out of the retinaculum.

A

They fan out, then as they approach MP joints they branch and rejoin

35
Q

What do extensor indicis and extensor digit minimi do as they reach the MP joint

A

join their respective tendons

36
Q

At the MP joint what does each extensor tendon do

A

gives rise to the extensor hoof and then divides into 3 arts

37
Q
A
37
Q

At which joint do the extensor muscles have their main effect

A

MP joint

38
Q

What muscles does the thumb have

A

a long flexor, a long abductor and 2 extensors (a long and short one).

39
Q

Where does flexor pollicis longus lie

A

deep in the forearm, next to digitorum profundus

40
Q

Where does flexor pollciis longus arise

A

From the anterior surface of the radius and interosseous membrane

41
Q

Where do the tendons of flexor pollciis longus pass

A

through the carpal tunnel along with the finger flexors

42
Q

Once the flexor pollicis longus merges what does it do

A

it enters the fibrous flexor sheath of the thumb, and inserts on base of distal phalanx

43
Q

What is the action if flexor pollicis longus

A

flexes MP and IP joint of thumb

44
Q

Where do the 2 extensors and abductor of the thumb lie

A

on the extensor part of the forearm, deep to extensor digitorum

45
Q

Where does abductor pollicis longus arise from

A

the radius and interosseous membrane

46
Q

Where do the 2 extensors and abductor pass through

A

They emerge obliquely from beneath extensor digitorum, and pass beneath extensor retinaculum – extensor longus by itself

47
Q

Where does the tendon of extensor brevis insert

A

onto the base of the proximal phalanx

48
Q

Where does the tendon have extensor pollicis longus insert

A

on base of distal phalanx

49
Q

What movement des abductor pollicis longus produce

A

abduction and extension movement, occurring at CMC joint

50
Q

What does extensor pollicis longus do

A

extends IP and MP joint of thumb

51
Q

What joint does extensor pollicis brevis effect

A

only MP joint

52
Q

What artery, vein and nerve runs through the anterior arm

A

brachial artery and vein and musculocutaneous nerve

53
Q

What artery, vein and nerve runs through the posterior arm

A

profunda brachii (and ulnar collateral) artery, profunda brachii vein, radial nerve

54
Q

What artery, vein and nerve runs through the anterior forearm

A

Radial and ulnar artery, vensae comitantes and median and ulnar nerve

55
Q

What artery, vein and nerve runs through the posterior forearm

A

Interosseous artery, venae comitantes, radial nerve

56
Q

What artery, vein and nerve runs through the hand

A

Deep and superficial palmer arches. Ulnar and median nerve

57
Q

What does the flexor digitorum superficialis do

A

flexes the proximal first 2 phalanges

58
Q

What does flexor digitorum profundus do

A

flexes all 3 phalanges

59
Q

What do the lumbricals do

A

pulls on the extensor tendon expansion to flex at the metacarpophalangeal joint and straighten the finger.

60
Q

What does extensor digitorum do

A

extends the finger

61
Q

Which dermatomes does the lateral cutaneous branch of the forearm innervate

A

C6 and C7

62
Q

What dermatomes does the ulnar nerve innervate

A

C8 and T1

63
Q

What dermatomes does the radial nerve innervate

A

C6, C7 and C8

64
Q

What dermatomes does the musculocutaneous nerve innervate

A

C5, C6, C7

65
Q

What is a dermatomes

A

An area of skin innervates by a single spinal nerve

66
Q

What is a myotome

A

muscles receiving innervation from a single spinal nerve (segmental innervation of movements).

67
Q

What shoulder movement happens at C5

A

Abduction, lateral rotation and flexion

68
Q

What shoulder movement happens at C6, C7, C8

A

Adduction, medial rotation and extension

69
Q

What wrist/hand movement happens at C6, C7

A

Wrist flexion and extension

70
Q

What wrist/hand movement happens at C6, C7, C8

A

Digit flexion and extension

71
Q

What wrist/hand movement happens at T1

A

Digital abduction and adduction

Anatomy (21 decks)

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