Posterior forearm and dorsum of hand Flashcards
Where do the extensor muscles have a common place of attachment
lateral epicondyle of the humerus (supracondyle ridge)
What happens when the common extensor attchment becomes inflamed
Develop ‘tennis elbow’
What happens when the common flexor tendon becomes inflamed
develop ‘golfers elbow’
Where does the brachioradialis attach
onto the distal radius
Where does brachioradialis has action
at the adjacent elbow
Where is the extensor carpi radialis longus in relation to the brachioradialis
adjacent to it
Where does the extensor carpi radialis longus run
down the radius, crossing the carpals or the wrist bones and attaches on to the base of the second metacarpal.
Why is extensor carpi radialis longus an extensor
because it crosses on the dorsum of the wrist and extends the wrist
What is adjacent to the extensor carpi radialis longus
extensor carpi radialis brevis
Where does the extensor carpi radialis brevis attach
to the base of the third metacarpal
What is the extensor muscle that goes to the index finger called
extensor indicis proprius
Where does extensor indicis proprius attach
On to the distal phalanx of the index finger
What does extensor digitorum have
A common belly that splits into 4 tendons - one for each finger
Which extensor muscle only goes to the little finger
extensor digiti minimi
Why does the index and little finger have 2 extensor muscles
to allow for a level of independent extension for those 2 fingers
Where does extensor carpi ulnaris attatch
On the base of the 5th metacarpal
What is the function of extensor carpi ulnaris
extensor of the wrist, it has a balancing action with the extensor carpi radialis
Which nerve supplies the extensor muscles
radial
Where does abductor pollicis longus attatch
to the base of the 5th metacarpal
What movement does abductor pollicis longus produce
Abduction of the thumb
What joint foes abductor pollicis longus effect
movements ta the metacarpal joint
What muscle runs with abductor pollicis
extensor pollicis brevis
Where does extensor pollicis brevis attatch
to the base of the proximal phalanx
What joint foes extensor pollicis brevis effect
metacarpal phalangeal joint
Where does extensor pollicis longus attach
onto the distal phalanx
What joint does extensor pollicis longus effect
extends IP joint of thumb
Which artery runs through the anatomical snuff box
radial artery
What is the anatomical snuffbox
imaginary anatomical space which is bounded by extensor pollicis longus on one side and the tendons of extensor pollicis brevis along with the abductor pollicis longus on the other side
Where does extensor digitorum arisw
from the extensor tendon on the lateral epicondyle
What do the 4 tendons of extensor digitorum pass through
extensor retinaculum
Where does extensor digit minimi arise from and pass under
arises from the ulnar side of extensor digitorum and passes under extensor retinaculum by itself.
Where does extensor indicis lie and arise
lies deep to extensor digitorum and arises from the ulna and interosseous membrane
What does extensor indicis pass and under an with what muscle
under extensor retinaculum along with extensor digitorum
What do the tendons of extensor digitorum do once they pass out of the retinaculum.
They fan out, then as they approach MP joints they branch and rejoin
What do extensor indicis and extensor digit minimi do as they reach the MP joint
join their respective tendons
At the MP joint what does each extensor tendon do
gives rise to the extensor hoof and then divides into 3 arts
At which joint do the extensor muscles have their main effect
MP joint
What muscles does the thumb have
a long flexor, a long abductor and 2 extensors (a long and short one).
Where does flexor pollicis longus lie
deep in the forearm, next to digitorum profundus
Where does flexor pollciis longus arise
From the anterior surface of the radius and interosseous membrane
Where do the tendons of flexor pollciis longus pass
through the carpal tunnel along with the finger flexors
Once the flexor pollicis longus merges what does it do
it enters the fibrous flexor sheath of the thumb, and inserts on base of distal phalanx
What is the action if flexor pollicis longus
flexes MP and IP joint of thumb
Where do the 2 extensors and abductor of the thumb lie
on the extensor part of the forearm, deep to extensor digitorum
Where does abductor pollicis longus arise from
the radius and interosseous membrane
Where do the 2 extensors and abductor pass through
They emerge obliquely from beneath extensor digitorum, and pass beneath extensor retinaculum – extensor longus by itself
Where does the tendon of extensor brevis insert
onto the base of the proximal phalanx
Where does the tendon have extensor pollicis longus insert
on base of distal phalanx
What movement des abductor pollicis longus produce
abduction and extension movement, occurring at CMC joint
What does extensor pollicis longus do
extends IP and MP joint of thumb
What joint does extensor pollicis brevis effect
only MP joint
What artery, vein and nerve runs through the anterior arm
brachial artery and vein and musculocutaneous nerve
What artery, vein and nerve runs through the posterior arm
profunda brachii (and ulnar collateral) artery, profunda brachii vein, radial nerve
What artery, vein and nerve runs through the anterior forearm
Radial and ulnar artery, vensae comitantes and median and ulnar nerve
What artery, vein and nerve runs through the posterior forearm
Interosseous artery, venae comitantes, radial nerve
What artery, vein and nerve runs through the hand
Deep and superficial palmer arches. Ulnar and median nerve
What does the flexor digitorum superficialis do
flexes the proximal first 2 phalanges
What does flexor digitorum profundus do
flexes all 3 phalanges
What do the lumbricals do
pulls on the extensor tendon expansion to flex at the metacarpophalangeal joint and straighten the finger.
What does extensor digitorum do
extends the finger
Which dermatomes does the lateral cutaneous branch of the forearm innervate
C6 and C7
What dermatomes does the ulnar nerve innervate
C8 and T1
What dermatomes does the radial nerve innervate
C6, C7 and C8
What dermatomes does the musculocutaneous nerve innervate
C5, C6, C7
What is a dermatomes
An area of skin innervates by a single spinal nerve
What is a myotome
muscles receiving innervation from a single spinal nerve (segmental innervation of movements).
What shoulder movement happens at C5
Abduction, lateral rotation and flexion
What shoulder movement happens at C6, C7, C8
Adduction, medial rotation and extension
What wrist/hand movement happens at C6, C7
Wrist flexion and extension
What wrist/hand movement happens at C6, C7, C8
Digit flexion and extension
What wrist/hand movement happens at T1
Digital abduction and adduction
