Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy > Mediastinum, blood vessels and nerves > Flashcards

Mediastinum, blood vessels and nerves Flashcards

1
Q

What is the inferior border of the mediastinum

A

diaphragm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the superior border of the mediastinum

A

superior thoracic aperture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the posterior border of the mediastinum

A

the bodies of the thoracic vertebra

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the anterior border of the mediastinum

A

manubrium and sternum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the 2 halves of the mediastinum

A

inferior and superior half

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the 3 compartments of the inferior half of the mediastinum

A

anterior, middle and posterior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the boundaries of the superior mediastinum

A

Anterior: manubrium
Posterior: T1-T4
Superior: Thoracic inlet and first rib
Inferior: sternal angle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Where is the oesphagus in relation to the trachea

A

posterior to the trachea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Which nerve innervates the diaphragm

A

the phrenic nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the mnemonic to remember the contents of the mediastinum

A

BATS & TENTS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What does the BATS & TENTS mnemonic stand for

A

Brachiocephalic vein
Arch of aorta branches
Thymus (children)
Superior vena cava
&
Thoracic duct
oEsophagus
Nerves (vagus, phrenic, recurrent laryngeal)
Trachea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the parts of the thoracic aorta

A

ascending aorta, arch of aorta and descending aorta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is to the left and right of the aorta

A

left - pulmonary trunk. Right - superior vena cava

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the aorta’s branches

A

the coronary arteries - arise where it starts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is beneath the aortic arch

A

pulmonary trunk, left main bronchus and left pulmonary veins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What does the pulmonary trunk divide in to

A

2 pulmonary arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is to the right of the aortic arch

A

the trachea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are the 3 arteries that arise from the aortic arch

A

brachiocephalic trunk, common carotid artery and the left subclavian artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What does the brachiocephalic trunk bifuricate in to

A

the right subclavian and the right common carotid artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What forms the superior vena cava

A

the right and left brachiocephalic veins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What branches does the subclavian artery give off

A

the thyrocervical, the vertebral and the internal thoracic artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Where does the subclavian artery give off its branches

A

before passing behind the anterior scalene muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the route of the subclavian artery

A

it arches over the upper surface of the first rib, passing behind the anterior scalene muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Where does the internal thoracic artery run

A

It runs runs down and forward over the dome of the pleura and passes behind the first costal cartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Where does each thoracic artery run

A

Each thoracic artery passes behind the first rib and runs down the chest wall, just lateral to the sternum, in front of the transversus thoracis muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What does the thoracic arteries branches supply

A

the anterior chest wall

27
Q

What is the thoracic artery’s distal continuation known as

A

the superior epigastric artery

28
Q

what does the superior epigastric artery supply

A

the upper part of the anterior abdominal wall

29
Q

What is the relation of the esophagus to the descending aorta

A

The esophagus lies medial to it in the upper half and then in front of it in the lower half.

30
Q

What branches does the descending aorta give off

A

series of posterior intercostal arteries (one for each intercostal space, except the first 2)

31
Q

What does each posterior intercostal artery pass

A

along the deep aspect of an internal intercostal muscle (by the groove)

32
Q

What are the azygous veins

A

the veins found in the wall of the thorax. It joins the vena cava from behind, just before the vena cava enters the pericardium.

33
Q

What are the major contributors to the superior vena cava

A

the subclavian and internal jugular veins

34
Q

How is the superior vena cava formed

A

On each side, the subclavian vein joins with the internal jugular behind the medial end of the clavicle forming the brachiocephalic vein. The 2 brachiocephalic veins enter the thorax and unite, forming the superior vena cava.

35
Q

What is the subclavian vein

A

the principle vein of the upper extremity

36
Q

What is the internal jugular vein

A

the principle vein of the head and neck

37
Q

Where does the subclavian vein run

A

The subclavian vein comes up from beneath the pectoralis minor and passes beneath the clavicle. The subclavian vein passes over the flat anterior part of the first rib. The dome of the pleura is just behind and beneath the subclavian vein.

38
Q

Where is the omohyoid muscle

A

in front of the jugular vein

39
Q

What separates the subclavian vein from the subclavian artery

A

the anterior scalene muscle

40
Q

Where does the internal jugular vein lie

A

in front of the common carotid artery and lateral to it

41
Q

Where does the superior vena cava lie

A

to the right of the mid-line. It passes straight downwards and enters the pericardial sac

42
Q

Where do the brachiocephalic veins run

A

pass downward into the thorax behind the manubrium

43
Q

Compare the length of the left and right brachiocephalic vein

A

To the right is short and runs straight downward (due to superior vena cava being to the right) and the left is longer and runs obliquely.

44
Q

What is to the left and behind the superior vena cava

A

left - ascending aorta
behind - trachea

45
Q

Where do the azygous veins begin

A

below the diaphragm and run up along the right side of the vertebral column

46
Q

Where do the azygous veins receive blood from

A

from the posterior and lateral parts of the chest wall

47
Q

On the right which veins enter into the azygous veins

A

the posterior intercostal veins

48
Q

On the left side where do the posterior intercostal veins empty into it

A

the 2 hemiazygous veins which in turn empty into the azygous

49
Q

What does the vagus nerve supply

A

the parasympathetic supply for all the organs of the abdomen

50
Q

How does the phrenic nerve run on the left side

A

The phrenic nerve runs down on the front of the anterior scalene muscle and passes in front of the subclavian artery and behind the subclavian vein. On the left side, it then runs downward in the mediastinum (just beneath the pleura) in front of the root of the lung, close to the superior vena cava and right atrium. It then passes through the diaphragm

51
Q

How does the phrenic nerve run on the right side

A

Same as left but it passes over the aorta, pulmonary trunk and left ventricle

52
Q

Where dies the vagus nerve run

A

lies behind and between the internal jugular vein and the common carotid artery. It passes in front of the subclavian artery.

53
Q

What branch does the vagus nerve give off on the right

A

the right recurrent laryngeal

54
Q

Where does the right recurrent laryngeal run

A

curls round the subclavian artery and passes upwards to the larynx

55
Q

Where does the right vagus nerve run

A

it passes downwards and backwards, close to the trachea to reach the oesophagus. It breaks up into several branches as it runs down the oesophagus

56
Q

Where does the left vagus nerve run

A

, it crosses the arch of the aorta and passes backward to run down alongside the oesophagus and through the diaphragm

57
Q

Where does the left recurrent laryngeal branch run

A

it curls around the arch of the aorta to return to the neck.

58
Q

What are the intercostal nerves a direct continuation of

A

the anterior rami of the thoracic spinal nerves

59
Q

What do the intercostal nerves innervate

A

give motor innervation to the intercostal muscles and sensory innervation to the chest wall.

60
Q

Where does the sympathetic trunk run

A

alongside the vertebral column, from T1 to sacrum

61
Q

What is the thickening in the sympathetic trunk

A

ganglia

62
Q

What are the rami communicants

A

The fine connections between the sympathetic trunk and the anterior rami of the spinal nerves

63
Q

What are the splanchnic nerves

A

The nerves passing medially from the sympathetic trunk on their way to the celiac and mesenteric ganglia

Anatomy (21 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions