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Y12 AS Biology > Polysaccharides > Flashcards

Polysaccharides Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a polysaccharide?

A

a carbohydrate

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2
Q

How are polysaccharides broken down?

A

Hydrolysis

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3
Q

What is a polysaccharide made up of?

A

More than 2 monosaccharides

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4
Q

How are polysaccharides formed?

A

Condensation reaction

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5
Q

What are the three main polysaccharides?

A

Starch
Glycogen
Cellulose

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6
Q

What do plants store excess glucose as?

A

Starch

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7
Q

What two polysaccharides make up starch?

A

Amylose

Amylopectin

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8
Q

What is the structure of amylose?

A

Long, unbranched chains

Coiled structure

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9
Q

What type of bonds are there in amylose and how do these help?

A

Hydrogen

They hold its helical structure together

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10
Q

What is amylose good for and why?

A

Storage

It is compact so you can fit more into a small space

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11
Q

What type of glucose makes up amylose?

A

alpha

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12
Q

What is the structure of amylopectin?

A

Long, branched chains

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13
Q

How does the structure of amylopectin benefit it for releasing glucose quickly?

A

The side branches allow the enzymes to get at the glycosidic bonds easily

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14
Q

Is starch soluble or insoluble in water?

A

insoluble

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15
Q

What do animals store excess glucose as?

A

Glycogen

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16
Q

Which polysaccharide is glycogen similar to in its structure?

A

amylopectin

17
Q

Which type of glucose does glycogen contain?

A

alpha

18
Q

How is glycogen a good storage molecule?

A

It is compact

19
Q

What is the structure of cellulose?

A

Long, unbranched chains

20
Q

What type of glucose is cellulose made up of?

A

Beta

21
Q

What bonds link cellulose chains together?

A

Hydrogen bonds

22
Q

What is formed when cellulose chains link together?

A

Strong fibres called microfibrils

23
Q

What does cellulose provide?

A

structural support

24
Q

What is the function of glycogen?

A

Energy store

25
Q

What is used to test for starch?

A

Iodine

26
Q

Describe the test for starch.

A

1) Add iodine which has been dissolved in potassium iodide solution to the test sample
2)Positive =Blue/black
Negative= brown/orange

Y12 AS Biology (57 decks)

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