Active transport

Question 1

What is active transport?

Answer 1

The use of energy to move molecules and ions across membrane against the concentration gradient

Question 2

What is involved in active transport?

Answer 2

Carrier proteins

Co -transporter

Question 3

What are the two main differences between active transport and facilitated diffusion?

Answer 3

Active transport moves solutes from a low to high concentration
Active transport requires energy

Question 4

How is ATP involved in active transport through carrier proteins?

Answer 4

When a inorganic phosphate ion from ATP binds to the carrier protein it changes its shape

Question 5

What are co-transporters a type of?

Answer 5

Carrier protein

Question 6

Is active transport passive or active?

Answer 6

Active

Question 7

What are the stages of the co-transport and absorption of glucose?

Answer 7

1) sodium ions are actively transported out of the epithelial cells in the ileum into the blood, creating a concentration gradient
2) Sodium ions diffuse from the lumen of the ileum into the epithelium cell - via sodium-glucose co-transporter proteins. This causes the concentration of glucose in the cell to increase
3) Glucose diffuses out of the cell down its concentration gradient via facilitated diffusion

Question 8

What factors affect the rate of active transport?

Answer 8

The speed of individual carrier proteins
The number of carrier proteins
The rate of respiration and availability of ATP

Question 9

How does the rate of respiration and availability of ATP affect the rate of active transport?

Answer 9

If there is no respiration, then no active transport can take place as no ATP is produced