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Plants Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is alternation of generation?

A

A process that all plants go through that results in 2 stages of adult life.

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2
Q

What is a sporophyte?

A

A sporophyte is something that reproduces asexually in order to make spores.

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3
Q

What is a gametophyte?

A

A gametophyte is something a sexual unit of reproduction. ie: sperm and egg

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4
Q

What is fertilization?

A

sperm cell fuses with the egg cells

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5
Q

What are the two types of adult generations?

A

gameteophytes and sporophytes

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6
Q

What happens during the sporophyte generation?

A

The spores are created

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7
Q

What happens after the adult sporophyte generation?

A

The spores travel through the air and land in soil.

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8
Q

WHat happens after the spores travel?

A

The gametophyte generation.

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9
Q

What happens during the gametophyte generation?

A

The spores are turned into gametes.

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10
Q

What happens after the gametophyte generation?

A

The egg is fetilized by the sperm.

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11
Q

What occurs from fertilization?

A

seeds in higher plants or adult sporophytes in lower plants

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12
Q

Do all plants have seeds?

A

no

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13
Q

Are the two generations in equal time?

A

No, the two generations are not equal in duration.

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14
Q

What is the “main plant”?

A

The generatin that is typically seen, the one that last longer.

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15
Q

What generation is dominant in trees?

A

Sporophyte generation

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16
Q

What generation is dominant in moss?

A

Gametophyte generation

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17
Q

What are some of the phylums in the kingdom plantae?

A

Bryophyta and tracheophyta.

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18
Q

What is in Phylum Byropyhta?

A

moss

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19
Q

Do moss reproduce sexually or asexually?

A

sexually

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20
Q

Does moss have roots stems and leaves?

A

No they are thallophytes

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21
Q

Where do moss live?

A

They live in moist and shady areas

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22
Q

Where are the sex organs in moss located?

A

at the top of the plant

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23
Q

What starts the process of moss growing?

A

lichens

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24
Q

What does monoecious mean?

A

one plant, two sexes, male parts (sperms), female parts (eggs)

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25
Q

What are three qualities of the Phylum Tracheophyta?

A
  1. sporophyte generation is dominant
  2. Roots, stems, and leaves
  3. xylem and phloem
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26
Q

What is diecious mean?

A

One plant has one sex

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27
Q

What is xylem?

A

system of transport for water

28
Q

What is phloem?

A

transports food down to the root, toward hell.

29
Q

Why do smaller plants not need xylem and phloem?

A

As plants get bigger, they need a more effective transportation system.

30
Q

What are the classes of traceophyta?

A

Filicinae, Gymnosperms, angiosperms

31
Q

What are filicinae?

A

Ferns

32
Q

What is the leaf of the fern called?

A

Frond

33
Q

What part of the fern is under the ground?

A

The horizontal rhizome and the roots (vertically underneath the rhizome)

34
Q

How many species are there of ferns?

A

A substantial amount (about 10,000)

35
Q

Where do ferns grow?

A

In temperate and tropical climates.

36
Q

Where do ferns grow bigger?

A

The closer to the equator, the bigger the fern.

37
Q

Do Gymnosperms have seeds?

A

Yes.

38
Q

How many species of gymnosperms are there?

A

Relatively small (about 700 species).

39
Q

What type of tree are most gymnosperms?

A

Conifers and evergreen trees.

40
Q

How do gymnosperms grow over time?

A

They grow taller and wider. Two dimentional growth.

41
Q

What are the leaves of a gymnosperm called?

A

Needles.

42
Q

When do gymnosperms have needles?

A

All year (all the thyme).

43
Q

What are the seeds of gymnosperms called?

A

Cones

44
Q

How many groups of plants have cones as seeds?

A

Gymnosperms are the only group of plants with cones.

45
Q

What are the habitats of gymnosperms?

A

They live in colder climates, temperate climates.

46
Q

What are some examples of evergreens?

A

Pines, cedar trees, spruce trees, hemlock, fir trees

47
Q

What does diciduous mean?

A

Diciduous is the opposite of conifer; the leaves do not grow all year around.

48
Q

What are the economic importances of gymnosperms?

A

Christmas trees, lumber for furniture, paper, etc.

49
Q

What is the first class of phylum thacheophyta called?

A

Class Filicinae

50
Q

What is the second class of phylum Tracheophyta called?

A

Class Gymnospermae

51
Q

What is the third class of Phylum tracheophyta called?

A

Class angiospermae.

52
Q

How many species of angiospermae are there?

A

A LOT; (about 275,000)

53
Q

What is one product that all angiosperms have?

A

Flowers; some of the flowers may not holdup to flower beauty standards, but that doesn’t make them any less of a flower.

54
Q

How do angiosperms grow?

A

The stems will get taller but they may not get wider

55
Q

What are the protection for seeds?

A

Fruits!

56
Q

What are the two subclasses of class angiospermae called?

A

Monocotyledon and Dicotyledon.

57
Q

How many species of monocotyledons are there?

A

Relatively average, but more than ferns. (About 50,000)

58
Q

How many Dicotyledons are there?

A

A LOT (about 225,000).

59
Q

What does dicot mean?

A

Two storage organs

60
Q

What does monocot mean?

A

One storage organ

61
Q

Why do the cotolydons need to be there (surrounding the embryo)?

A

They are a food source for the plant baby (mandrake) before it can do photosynthesis.

62
Q

What does annual mean?

A

Blooms once a growing season.

63
Q

What does bienneal mean?

A

A plant that reproduces twice in its life span.

64
Q

What does perrrenial mean?

A

A plant that reproduces for three or more years.

65
Q
A

Science (21 decks)

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