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Science > Bacteria > Flashcards

Bacteria Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What domain is bacteria in?

A

Domain Bacteria.

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2
Q

What size are bacteria cells?

A

1-3 Mm and are smaller than human cells (10-15 Mm) but bigger than Viruses (0.03-0.3 Mm).

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3
Q

What organisms are the smallest?

A

Bacteria if you do not consider viruses to be living.

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4
Q

What protective plant-like structure do most bacteria have?

A

Cell wall

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5
Q

What is another protective structure that some bacteria have?

A

capsule

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6
Q

What stucture used for motion do some bacteria have?

A

Flagella

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7
Q

What are the three types of Bacteria?

A

Coccus, Bacillus, Spirillum

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8
Q

What shape is a coccus bacteria?

A

Round.

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9
Q

What shape is a bacillus bacteria?

A

hot-dog shaped

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10
Q

What shape is a spirillus bacteria?

A

Spiral shaped

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11
Q

Is a colony of bacteria considered one organism?

A

Yes.

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12
Q

What types of bacteria exist in colonies?

A

Coccus and bacillus.

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13
Q

What is a colony of two bacteria called (prefix)?

A

Diplo

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14
Q

What are the types of diplo colonies called?

A

Diplococcus and diplobacillus

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15
Q

What is a colonoy of many bacteria in a straight line called?

A

Strepto

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16
Q

What are the types of strepto colonies?

A

Streptococcus, streptobacillus

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17
Q

What is a colony of many bacteria group together in a clump called?

A

Staphylo

18
Q

What are types of staphylo colonies?

A

Staphlyococcus

19
Q

What are the two states of bacteria?

A

vegetative and spore states

20
Q

What state are bacteria in most of the time?

A

vegetative state

21
Q

When are bacteria in the vegetative state?

A

When conditions are favorable.

There is water, neutral ph

22
Q

When are bateria in a spore state?

A

In unfavorable conditions.

Such as no water, ph is to acidic or basic,

23
Q

Why do bacteria go into a spore state?

A

It’s a survival technique. Like hibernation, but with no cellular activity. Like a time freeze

24
Q

What happens during the spore state?

A

The cytoplasam condenses and the cell wall gets thicker

25
Q

What does an autoclave provide?

A

high pressure and high temperature to kill spores

26
Q

Are bacteria good or bad?

A

Some are good, some are bad.

27
Q

Are bacteria autotrophs or heterotrophs?

A

Bacteria can be either autotrophs or heterotrophs, but most are heterotrophs (saphrotrophs).

28
Q

What process do autotrophic bacteria go through?

A

Chemosynthesis.

29
Q

What are the 6 different ways that Bacteria is helpful?

A

Nitrogen Fixation, Decay, Sewage, Dairy products, Medicine, Industrial Uses.

30
Q

What is nitrogen fixation?

A

a processs by which N2 becomes NO3

31
Q

Which organisms need nitrogen?

A

all organisms need nitrogens

32
Q

In What form do plants get nitrogen?

A

Plants get it by NO–3 (Nitrate)

33
Q

How do plants get nitrate?

A

The bacteria in knobs on the roots turn the N2 in the air into NO–3 (Nitrate)

34
Q

What is decay?

A

The decomposing of cells.

35
Q

Why is decay useful

A

It creates space for living organisms. Also helps recycle nutrients.

36
Q

How do bacteria help with sewage?

A

Waste is broken down by bacteria and is made is less harmful.

37
Q

How is bacteria useful in creating dairy products

A

Bacteria is necessary to produce buttermilk, cheese, lassi, curd, kheer, sour cream, etc.

38
Q

How is bacteria useful for medicines?

A

Bacteria is used to create vaccines, antibiotics, and steriods.

39
Q

What are some other industrial uses for bacteria

A

Used for vinegar, acetone, and vitamins.

40
Q

Name some harmful bacteria

A

Rheumatic fever, scarlet fever, pneumonia, gonnorhea.

41
Q
A

Science (21 decks)

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