Bacteria Flashcards
What domain is bacteria in?
Domain Bacteria.
What size are bacteria cells?
1-3 Mm and are smaller than human cells (10-15 Mm) but bigger than Viruses (0.03-0.3 Mm).
What organisms are the smallest?
Bacteria if you do not consider viruses to be living.
What protective plant-like structure do most bacteria have?
Cell wall
What is another protective structure that some bacteria have?
capsule
What stucture used for motion do some bacteria have?
Flagella
What are the three types of Bacteria?
Coccus, Bacillus, Spirillum
What shape is a coccus bacteria?
Round.
What shape is a bacillus bacteria?
hot-dog shaped
What shape is a spirillus bacteria?
Spiral shaped
Is a colony of bacteria considered one organism?
Yes.
What types of bacteria exist in colonies?
Coccus and bacillus.
What is a colony of two bacteria called (prefix)?
Diplo
What are the types of diplo colonies called?
Diplococcus and diplobacillus
What is a colonoy of many bacteria in a straight line called?
Strepto
What are the types of strepto colonies?
Streptococcus, streptobacillus
What is a colony of many bacteria group together in a clump called?
Staphylo
What are types of staphylo colonies?
Staphlyococcus
What are the two states of bacteria?
vegetative and spore states
What state are bacteria in most of the time?
vegetative state
When are bacteria in the vegetative state?
When conditions are favorable.
There is water, neutral ph
When are bateria in a spore state?
In unfavorable conditions.
Such as no water, ph is to acidic or basic,
Why do bacteria go into a spore state?
It’s a survival technique. Like hibernation, but with no cellular activity. Like a time freeze
What happens during the spore state?
The cytoplasam condenses and the cell wall gets thicker
What does an autoclave provide?
high pressure and high temperature to kill spores
Are bacteria good or bad?
Some are good, some are bad.
Are bacteria autotrophs or heterotrophs?
Bacteria can be either autotrophs or heterotrophs, but most are heterotrophs (saphrotrophs).
What process do autotrophic bacteria go through?
Chemosynthesis.
What are the 6 different ways that Bacteria is helpful?
Nitrogen Fixation, Decay, Sewage, Dairy products, Medicine, Industrial Uses.
What is nitrogen fixation?
a processs by which N2 becomes NO3
Which organisms need nitrogen?
all organisms need nitrogens
In What form do plants get nitrogen?
Plants get it by NO–3 (Nitrate)
How do plants get nitrate?
The bacteria in knobs on the roots turn the N2 in the air into NO–3 (Nitrate)
What is decay?
The decomposing of cells.
Why is decay useful
It creates space for living organisms. Also helps recycle nutrients.
How do bacteria help with sewage?
Waste is broken down by bacteria and is made is less harmful.
How is bacteria useful in creating dairy products
Bacteria is necessary to produce buttermilk, cheese, lassi, curd, kheer, sour cream, etc.
How is bacteria useful for medicines?
Bacteria is used to create vaccines, antibiotics, and steriods.
What are some other industrial uses for bacteria
Used for vinegar, acetone, and vitamins.
Name some harmful bacteria
Rheumatic fever, scarlet fever, pneumonia, gonnorhea.
