Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Science > Chapter Two Test Vocab > Flashcards

Chapter Two Test Vocab Flashcards

0
Q

Unicellular

A

An organism made up of one cell (ex: bacteria)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

Organisms

A

Living things that are very different but all share 6 of the same characteristics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Multicellular

A

An organism made up of more than one cell (ex: me)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Name the 6 characteristics of life

A

Made of cells Made of similar chemicals Uses energy Grows and develops Responds to the world around them Reproduces

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Name the 4 basic needs of life

A

Need water Needs energy Needs living space Needs stable internal conditions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Development

A

The process of change during life to become a more complex organism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Stimulus

A

A change in an organism’s surroundings that causes the organism to react

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Response

A

An action or change in behavior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Reproduce

A

To produce offspring that are similar to the parents

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Growth

A

The process of becoming larger

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Spontaneous generation

A

The mistaken idea that living organisms rise from non-living objects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Autotrophs

A

Organisms that get their energy from the sun

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Heterotrophs

A

Organisms that get their energy from food

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Homeostasis

A

Maintaining stable internal conditions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Francisco Redi

A

A scientist who helped disprove spontaneous generation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Louis Pasteur

A

The scientist who ultimately disproved spontaneous generation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

State the 3 parts of the cell theory

A

1) All living things come from cells 2) All living things are made of cells 3) Cells are the basic unit of structure in all living things

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Who was Robert Hooke?

A

•English scientist and inventor •One of the first people to observe cells •1663 he observed the cells of a slice of cork through a compound microscope he built himself •Hooke called them cells because they reminded him of tiny rectangular rooms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Who was Anton van Leuwenhoek?

A

•Amateur scientist who made his own lenses and constructed simple microscopes •First person to spot tiny single-celled organisms that we call bacteria. He first noticed these organisms on teeth scrapings. •Called them animacules.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Who were Schleiden and Shwan?

A

•Shleiden and Schwann’s observations that all plants were made of cells and all animals were made of cells led to: “All living things are made of cells.”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Who was Rudolph Virchow?

A

•Virchow proposed that new cells are formed ONLY from cells that already exist. This led to: “All cells come from cells.”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Cells

A

Basic unit of structure and function in all living things

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Body of a microscope

A

Support the eyepiece

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Nosepiece

A

Holds objective lenses, magnifies by low, medium, and high power.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Objectives

A

High- 40x Medium- 10x Low- 4x

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Stage Clips

A

Holds the slide in place

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Diaphragm

A

Wheel under stage, adjusts how much light is allowed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Light source

A

Located under stage and diaphragm, source of light

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Eyepiece

A

The lens looked through, magnifies specimen 10 X

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Aperture

A

Allows light through to brighten image of specimen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Stage

A

Supports the slide being used

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Coarse adjustment knob

A

Moves body tube up and down

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Fine adjustment knob

A

Focuses image of specimen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Base

A

Supports microscope

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Magnification

A

The ability to make objects appear larger

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Resolution

A

Clarity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Eukaryotes

A

Cell with a nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Prokaryotes

A

Cells without a nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Name a few differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes

A

Bacteria are much smaller in prokaryotes No nucleus No organelles except for ribosomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Similarities between prokaryotes and eukaryotes

A

Has a cell wall Has a cell membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Organelle

A

Tiny cell structures that carry out specific functions in the cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

Cell membrane

A

Structure – plant cell: within the cell wall animal cell: outside boundry Function – controls which substances go in and out of the cell; substances travel through pores (holes) “selectively permeable”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

Cell wall

A

A thick, rigid membrane made of a complex molecule named cellulose. It surrounds the plant cell and provides support and structure.

43
Q

Vacuole

A

Structure – water-filled sacs Function – store food, water, and other materials

44
Q

Lysosome

A

Function- Break down larger particles into smaller ones

45
Q

Endoplasmic reticulum

A

Structure – maze of passageways •Smooth ER – no ribosomes •Rough ER – ribosomes Function – carry proteins and other materials from one part of the cell to another.

46
Q

Nucleus

A

Function-Controls all cell activities Structure- oval structure in the middle of the cell

47
Q

Nucleolus

A

Function-where ribosomes are made Structure-inside nucleus

48
Q

Mitochondria

A

Structure – rod-shaped Function – provide most of the energy cells need to carry out its functions

49
Q

Golgi bodies

A

Structure – flattened sacs and tubes Function – receive proteins, package them for the job they need to do and deliver them to other parts of the cell

50
Q

Ribosomes

A

Structure – small grain-like bodies Function – produce proteins Made in the nucleolus

51
Q

Chloroplast

A

Structure – large, green Function – trap energy from sunlight and use it to produce food for the cell

52
Q

Cytoplasm

A

Structure – gel-like fluid; constantly moving Function – contains all cell organelles

53
Q

Living things that are very different but all share 6 of the same characteristics

54
Q

An organism made up of one cell (ex: bacteria)

A

Unicellular

55
Q

An organism made up of more than one cell (ex: me)

A

Multicellular

56
Q

Made of cells Made of similar chemicals Uses energy Grows and develops Responds to the world around them Reproduces

A

Name the 6 characteristics of life

57
Q

Need water Needs energy Needs living space Needs stable internal conditions

A

Name the 4 basic needs of life

58
Q

The process of change during life to become a more complex organism

A

Development

59
Q

A change in an organism’s surroundings that causes the organism to react

60
Q

An action or change in behavior

61
Q

To produce offspring that are similar to the parents

62
Q

The process of becoming larger

63
Q

The mistaken idea that living organisms rise from non-living objects

A

Spontaneous generation

64
Q

Organisms that get their energy from the sun

A

Autotrophs

65
Q

Organisms that get their energy from food

A

Heterotrophs

66
Q

Maintaining stable internal conditions

A

Homeostasis

67
Q

A scientist who helped disprove spontaneous generation

A

Francisco Redi

68
Q

The scientist who ultimately disproved spontaneous generation

A

Louis Pasteur

69
Q

1) All living things come from cells 2) All living things are made of cells 3) Cells are the basic unit of structure in all living things

A

State the 3 parts of the cell theory

70
Q

•English scientist and inventor •One of the first people to observe cells •1663 he observed the cells of a slice of cork through a compound microscope he built himself •Hooke called them cells because they reminded him of tiny rectangular rooms

A

Who was Robert Hooke?

71
Q

•Amateur scientist who made his own lenses and constructed simple microscopes •First person to spot tiny single-celled organisms that we call bacteria. He first noticed these organisms on teeth scrapings. •Called them animacules.

A

Who was Anton van Leuwenhoek?

72
Q

•Shleiden and Schwann’s observations that all plants were made of cells and all animals were made of cells led to: “All living things are made of cells.”

A

Who were Schleiden and Shwan?

73
Q

•Virchow proposed that new cells are formed ONLY from cells that already exist. This led to: “All cells come from cells.”

A

Who was Rudolph Virchow?

74
Q

Basic unit of structure and function in all living things

75
Q

Support the eyepiece

A

Body of a microscope

76
Q

Holds objective lenses, magnifies by low, medium, and high power.

77
Q

High- 40x Medium- 10x Low- 4x

A

Objectives

78
Q

Holds the slide in place

A

Stage Clips

79
Q

Wheel under stage, adjusts how much light is allowed

80
Q

Located under stage and diaphragm, source of light

A

Light source

81
Q

The lens looked through, magnifies specimen 10 X

82
Q

Allows light through to brighten image of specimen

83
Q

Supports the slide being used

84
Q

Moves body tube up and down

A

Coarse adjustment knob

85
Q

Focuses image of specimen

A

Fine adjustment knob

86
Q

Supports microscope

87
Q

The ability to make objects appear larger

A

Magnification

88
Q

Clarity

A

Resolution

89
Q

Cell with a nucleus

A

Eukaryotes

90
Q

Cells without a nucleus

A

Prokaryotes

91
Q

Bacteria are much smaller in prokaryotes No nucleus No organelles except for ribosomes

A

Name a few differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes

92
Q

Has a cell wall Has a cell membrane

A

Similarities between prokaryotes and eukaryotes

93
Q

Tiny cell structures that carry out specific functions in the cell

94
Q

Structure – plant cell: within the cell wall animal cell: outside boundry Function – controls which substances go in and out of the cell; substances travel through pores (holes) “selectively permeable”

A

Cell membrane

95
Q

A thick, rigid membrane made of a complex molecule named cellulose. It surrounds the plant cell and provides support and structure.

96
Q

Structure – water-filled sacs Function – store food, water, and other materials

97
Q

Function- Break down larger particles into smaller ones

98
Q

Structure – maze of passageways •Smooth ER – no ribosomes •Rough ER – ribosomes Function – carry proteins and other materials from one part of the cell to another.

A

Endoplasmic reticulum

99
Q

Function-Controls all cell activities Structure- oval structure in the middle of the cell

100
Q

Function-where ribosomes are made Structure-inside nucleus

101
Q

Structure – rod-shaped Function – provide most of the energy cells need to carry out its functions

A

Mitochondria

102
Q

Structure – flattened sacs and tubes Function – receive proteins, package them for the job they need to do and deliver them to other parts of the cell

A

Golgi bodies

103
Q

Structure – small grain-like bodies Function – produce proteins Made in the nucleolus

104
Q

Structure – large, green Function – trap energy from sunlight and use it to produce food for the cell

A

Chloroplast

105
Q

Structure – gel-like fluid; constantly moving Function – contains all cell organelles

Science (21 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions