fungi Flashcards
Are fungi multi or unicellular?
They are mostly multicellular except for yeast.
What plant like structure do fungi have?
Cell walls.
Are fungi heterotrophs or autotrophs?
They are heterotrophs (parasites and saprotrophs).
What are thallophytes?
No roots, stems, or leaves.
Are fungi thallophytes?
Yes.
How do fungi reproduce?
Asexually and sexually.
What do fungi produced?
Spores.
What are 3 types of bread mold?
Rhizoids, stolons, and sporangiophore.
What are rhizoids?
root like anchors to bread
How do rhizoids survive (in terms of energy)?
They take in bread as food.
How do rhizoids take in the bread?
They secrete digestive enzymes which goes into the mold.
What does mold do over time?
Mold decays over times.
What are stolons?
Horizontal hyphae that lays on the bread
What’s a pickup line mushrooms use all the time?
Hey you’ve stolon my heart because you’re such a fungi. LOLOLOLOL by Aanandi M
Where do mycelium grow?
Underground
How does fungi benefit us?
causes decay, fights diseases, provide food, and makes chemicals
In what ways are fungi bad for us?
poisonous fungi, can cause diseases, and spoil food.
Why does fungi cause decay?
It is a saprotroph
How do fungi provide food?
mushroom are edible fungi, bread is made from yeast, beets, carrots, potatoes, cheese.
How many spores do stolon produce?
100,000’s but most don’t make it because they are at the mercy of the air.
What percentage of spores die?
95%
What is mold?
Fungi with broken cell walls on food.
Why does mold spread?
If it stays in one place, it will eventually stay in one place and finish the food source (bread).
What are sporangiophores?
Vertical hyphae that grows heightwise.
What is the function of sporangiophores?
To spread spores because the higher up the spores, the easier it is for them to land elsewhere.
What is Mycelium?
Loosely tangled hyphae.
What is hyphae?
Branched filaments of fungi.
What is the least likely fungi to occur?
Multicellular hyphae that have intact cell walls.
What fungi are most likely to occur?
Multicellular hyphae with broken or no cell wall.
What is the part of the mushroom above ground called?
Fruiting body.
What is the umbrella top part of the mushroom called?
The cap
What are the spokes of the cap called?
Gills.
What do the gills produce?
Spores.
What is the long stem-like part of the mushroom called?
The stipe.
What is the scar on the stipe?
The annulus.
Why is the annulus there?
It is a scar for where the mushroom was attached when the cap was closed.
What part of the mushroom is underground?
Mycelium.
What are two trees that were wiped out by fungi?
Dutch elm disease and Chestnut Blight
How does fungi spoil food?
mold grows on it especially on bread
What is a lichen?
Half algae, half fungi.
How does the fungi benefit the algae?
The algae performs photosynthesis and fungi gets another source of food
How does algae benefit fungi?
Algae benefits fungi because it provides protection for the algae.
What type of bread mold is inside the bread?
Rhizoids.
What type of bread mold is horizontal on the bread?
Stolon.
What grows vertically on the bread mold?
Sporangiophores.
What is a spore?
A unit of asexual reproduction.
What is at the top of a sporangiophore?
A sporangium.
What comes out of the sporangium?
Spores.
What is yeast?
The only fungi not made hyphae
Is yeast unicellular or multicellular?
Unicellular.
Does yeast reproduce asexually or sexually?
Both.
What is the products made from yeast?
Beer and alcohol, baking.
What are some other examples of fungi?
Mildew, morel, penicillium.
What is the fruiting body made of?
Hyphae.
What is the asexual reproduction of yeast called?
Budding.
What happens to the spores once they are released?
They are at the mercy of the air.
What are some bad fungi?
Corn smut, wheat rust.
What are six economic importances of fungi?
- Decay. 2. Causes disease. 3. Fight diseases. 4. Spoil food. 5. Make food. 6. Chemicals.
Is decay + or -?
+.
Are causing diseases + or -?
-.
Are fighting diseases + or -?
+.
Is spoilt food + or -?
-.
Is making food + or -?
+.
Are chemicals + or -?
+.
What does decay cause?
More space for living organisms.
What diseases do fungi cause in humans?
Athlete’s foot, yeast infection, poison mushrooms.
What diseases do fungi cause in plants?
Wheat rust, dutch elm (extinction), corn smut, chestnut blight, potato fungus
How do fungi help fight diseases?
Penicillin, which is made from the fungi, mold.
How do fungi provide food?
Mushrooms, yeast for bread, beets, cheese, carrots, potatoes.
What chemicals do fungi make?
citric acid. which goes in soda
Are lichens considered one or many organisms?
One organism.
How do lichens mutually benefit from each other?
Algae part does photosynthesis, so it is an extra source of food for the fungi. The fungi provides the protection for the algae.
Habitat of lichens?
They live on rocks.
What is soil made of?
Dust and dead lichens.
How are lichens helpful in the grand scheme of things?
Start a process of an ecosystem.
