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fungi Flashcards

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1
Q

Are fungi multi or unicellular?

A

They are mostly multicellular except for yeast.

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2
Q

What plant like structure do fungi have?

A

Cell walls.

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3
Q

Are fungi heterotrophs or autotrophs?

A

They are heterotrophs (parasites and saprotrophs).

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4
Q

What are thallophytes?

A

No roots, stems, or leaves.

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5
Q

Are fungi thallophytes?

A

Yes.

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6
Q

How do fungi reproduce?

A

Asexually and sexually.

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7
Q

What do fungi produced?

A

Spores.

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8
Q

What are 3 types of bread mold?

A

Rhizoids, stolons, and sporangiophore.

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9
Q

What are rhizoids?

A

root like anchors to bread

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10
Q

How do rhizoids survive (in terms of energy)?

A

They take in bread as food.

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11
Q

How do rhizoids take in the bread?

A

They secrete digestive enzymes which goes into the mold.

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12
Q

What does mold do over time?

A

Mold decays over times.

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13
Q

What are stolons?

A

Horizontal hyphae that lays on the bread

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14
Q

What’s a pickup line mushrooms use all the time?

A

Hey you’ve stolon my heart because you’re such a fungi. LOLOLOLOL by Aanandi M

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15
Q

Where do mycelium grow?

A

Underground

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16
Q

How does fungi benefit us?

A

causes decay, fights diseases, provide food, and makes chemicals

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17
Q

In what ways are fungi bad for us?

A

poisonous fungi, can cause diseases, and spoil food.

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18
Q

Why does fungi cause decay?

A

It is a saprotroph

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19
Q

How do fungi provide food?

A

mushroom are edible fungi, bread is made from yeast, beets, carrots, potatoes, cheese.

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20
Q

How many spores do stolon produce?

A

100,000’s but most don’t make it because they are at the mercy of the air.

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21
Q

What percentage of spores die?

A

95%

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22
Q

What is mold?

A

Fungi with broken cell walls on food.

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23
Q

Why does mold spread?

A

If it stays in one place, it will eventually stay in one place and finish the food source (bread).

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24
Q

What are sporangiophores?

A

Vertical hyphae that grows heightwise.

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25
Q

What is the function of sporangiophores?

A

To spread spores because the higher up the spores, the easier it is for them to land elsewhere.

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26
Q

What is Mycelium?

A

Loosely tangled hyphae.

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27
Q

What is hyphae?

A

Branched filaments of fungi.

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28
Q

What is the least likely fungi to occur?

A

Multicellular hyphae that have intact cell walls.

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29
Q

What fungi are most likely to occur?

A

Multicellular hyphae with broken or no cell wall.

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30
Q

What is the part of the mushroom above ground called?

A

Fruiting body.

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31
Q

What is the umbrella top part of the mushroom called?

A

The cap

32
Q

What are the spokes of the cap called?

A

Gills.

33
Q

What do the gills produce?

A

Spores.

34
Q

What is the long stem-like part of the mushroom called?

A

The stipe.

35
Q

What is the scar on the stipe?

A

The annulus.

36
Q

Why is the annulus there?

A

It is a scar for where the mushroom was attached when the cap was closed.

37
Q

What part of the mushroom is underground?

A

Mycelium.

38
Q

What are two trees that were wiped out by fungi?

A

Dutch elm disease and Chestnut Blight

39
Q

How does fungi spoil food?

A

mold grows on it especially on bread

40
Q

What is a lichen?

A

Half algae, half fungi.

41
Q

How does the fungi benefit the algae?

A

The algae performs photosynthesis and fungi gets another source of food

42
Q

How does algae benefit fungi?

A

Algae benefits fungi because it provides protection for the algae.

43
Q

What type of bread mold is inside the bread?

A

Rhizoids.

44
Q

What type of bread mold is horizontal on the bread?

A

Stolon.

45
Q

What grows vertically on the bread mold?

A

Sporangiophores.

46
Q

What is a spore?

A

A unit of asexual reproduction.

47
Q

What is at the top of a sporangiophore?

A

A sporangium.

48
Q

What comes out of the sporangium?

A

Spores.

49
Q

What is yeast?

A

The only fungi not made hyphae

50
Q

Is yeast unicellular or multicellular?

A

Unicellular.

51
Q

Does yeast reproduce asexually or sexually?

A

Both.

52
Q

What is the products made from yeast?

A

Beer and alcohol, baking.

53
Q

What are some other examples of fungi?

A

Mildew, morel, penicillium.

54
Q

What is the fruiting body made of?

A

Hyphae.

55
Q

What is the asexual reproduction of yeast called?

A

Budding.

56
Q

What happens to the spores once they are released?

A

They are at the mercy of the air.

57
Q

What are some bad fungi?

A

Corn smut, wheat rust.

58
Q

What are six economic importances of fungi?

A
  1. Decay. 2. Causes disease. 3. Fight diseases. 4. Spoil food. 5. Make food. 6. Chemicals.
59
Q

Is decay + or -?

A

+.

60
Q

Are causing diseases + or -?

A

-.

61
Q

Are fighting diseases + or -?

A

+.

62
Q

Is spoilt food + or -?

A

-.

63
Q

Is making food + or -?

A

+.

64
Q

Are chemicals + or -?

A

+.

65
Q

What does decay cause?

A

More space for living organisms.

66
Q

What diseases do fungi cause in humans?

A

Athlete’s foot, yeast infection, poison mushrooms.

67
Q

What diseases do fungi cause in plants?

A

Wheat rust, dutch elm (extinction), corn smut, chestnut blight, potato fungus

68
Q

How do fungi help fight diseases?

A

Penicillin, which is made from the fungi, mold.

69
Q

How do fungi provide food?

A

Mushrooms, yeast for bread, beets, cheese, carrots, potatoes.

70
Q

What chemicals do fungi make?

A

citric acid. which goes in soda

71
Q

Are lichens considered one or many organisms?

A

One organism.

72
Q

How do lichens mutually benefit from each other?

A

Algae part does photosynthesis, so it is an extra source of food for the fungi. The fungi provides the protection for the algae.

73
Q

Habitat of lichens?

A

They live on rocks.

74
Q

What is soil made of?

A

Dust and dead lichens.

75
Q

How are lichens helpful in the grand scheme of things?

A

Start a process of an ecosystem.

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