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Genetics Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Define Genetics?

A

Study of heredity

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2
Q

What is Heridity?

A

Traits being passed down from parents to child

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3
Q

Who is considered the father of Genetics?

A

Gregor Mendel

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4
Q

What did Gregor Mendel do?

A

He studied 7 traits in pea plants.

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5
Q

What is dominant mean?

A

A trait that will appear in the offspring when present

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6
Q

What is a recessive trait?

A

A trait that will only show up when the dominant trait is not present.

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7
Q

What is homozygous?

A

When the genotype of a trait is uniform.

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8
Q

What is heterozygous?

A

When the genotype is mixed and contains different alleles.

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9
Q

What is phenotype?

A

The visible appearance of a trait.

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10
Q

What is genotype?

A

The genetic makeup of a trait.

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11
Q

What do P, F1, F2 mean?

A

P = Parents, F1 = Off spring of Parents, F2 = off spring of F1

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12
Q

What is the first law of seggregation?

A

When gamets are formed, the alleles will separate into TWO different gamets.

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13
Q

What is the law of independent assortment?

A

The way the first trait is inherited does not impact the way the second trait is inherited.

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14
Q

When doing di-hybrid cross, what is the rule for gamets?

A

If gamets are repeated they are redundant.

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15
Q

How are organisms chosen to conduct genetic research on?

A

Short life span. Many offsprings. Clear traits. Easy to maintain.

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16
Q

What are some examples of organisms that are genetically tested on?

A

Plants, Mice, Virus, Fruit fly, mold, bacteria

17
Q

What is amniocentesis?

A

The piercing of a needle to test for genetic disease in an embryo into an amnion.

18
Q

When does amniocentesis and chronicvilli sampling occur?

A

Before the birth of a child.

19
Q

What happens during chronicville sampling?

A

Cells are removed from the placenta.

20
Q

What is a test that happens after birth?

A

PKU testing.

21
Q

What does person with PKU have to do?

A

Not eat a lot of protein.

22
Q

What happens during genetic profiling?

A

The DNA is chopped up and the banding pattern is the DNA fingerprint.

23
Q

What is the human genome project?

A

A project to sequence every gene in the body.

24
Q

Why was the human genome project done?

A

To hopefully treat diseases.

25
Q

What is a GMF?

A

Genetically Modified Food.

26
Q

How are organisms genetically modified?

A

Genes are transferred to one species to another.

27
Q

What is the purpose of GMFs?

A

To improve food.

28
Q

Why are people against GMFs?

A

The unnatural organisms might have adverse effects.

29
Q
A

Science (21 decks)

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