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IWS Unit 1 > Piemonte Alba - Langhe and Roero Hills > Flashcards

Piemonte Alba - Langhe and Roero Hills Flashcards

1
Q

What is the characteristics of Roero Hills soil p75

A

Softer, sandier and marine fossils formed some 5 million years ago

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2
Q

What is the common problem in the soil both in Langhe and Roero hills p75

A

Erosion because few pebbles and stones

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3
Q

What are the training systems in Alba sub-regions p75

A

Guyot and cordon spur-pruning training systems

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4
Q

How many appellations are there in Langhe and Roero p75

A

12

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5
Q

What are the classical grapes in Langhe and Roero p75

A

Nebbiolo, Barbera and Dolcetto

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6
Q

What is believed to be referred to the word LANGHE p76

A

Tongues (of land)

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7
Q

How is Langhe commonly called in local dialect p76

A

Langa

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8
Q

Langhe is home for which grape varietal p76

A

Nebbiolo

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9
Q

Which are the other grapes rather than Nebbiolo in Langhe p76

A

Barbera
Dolcetto
Moscato Bianco

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10
Q

Which international wine region is compared with Piemonte p76

A

Burgundy

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11
Q

What main characteristics in Piemonte can be paralleled with Burgundy

A

Importance to the village origin
Single vineyards wines
Estate bottling

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12
Q

How are vineyards normally planted in Piemonte as well as in Burgundy p76

A

Tiny parcel and multiple owners

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13
Q

What is the average size of properties in Langhe p76

A

2ha

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14
Q

What are the three main natural influence in Langhe as it is in Burgundy p76

A

Altitude
Exposure
Soil (Terroir)

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15
Q

How is Langhe generally divided (geographically) p76

A 
Alta Langa (High Langhe) 
Bassa Langhe (Lower Langhe)
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16
Q

Which town is considered to be the point of separation between higher and lower Langhe p76

A

The town of Monforte d’Alba

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17
Q

How is the temperature in south of Monforte d’Alba p76

A

Cooler than in North Langhe

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18
Q

What is the influence of River Tanaro for Langhe p76

A

Moderate the climate and ventilation through the valley in summer and mist in autumn ensure slow ripening

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19
Q

What are the other grapes in Langhe apart from the traditional four grapes p76

A

Pelaverga
Freisa
Favorita (Vermentino)
Nascetta

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20
Q

In which areas each of the three red grapes normally planted in Langhe hills p76

A

Nebbiolo: middle south facing slopes, Dolcetto: higher and cooler sites Barbera on the south, east and west

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21
Q

Who were the most important persons for Barolo wines in the mid 1800 p77

A

Giulia Falleti (Marquise di Barolo) and Camillo Benso (Count of Cavour)

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22
Q

What did the Count of Cavour Camillo Benso do for Barolo p77

A

Created a dry-style Barolo

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23
Q

Which Italian enologist did work with Camillo Benso to create the dry-style Barolo p77

A

Paolo Francesco Staglieno

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24
Q

What did Giulia Falleti (Marquise di Barolo do for Barolo) p77

A

Produced dry-style Barolo and introduced these wines to the aristocratic circles of Torino

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25
Q

How did Barolo become known with the introduction to aristocratic circles of Torino by Marquise di Barolo p77

A

King of wines and wine of kings

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26
Q

Where is Barolo DOCG located p77

A

Northwestern part of Langhe on the right bank of Tanaro River

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27
Q

What is the percentage of Nebbiolo grape in Barolo DOCG p77

A

100%

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28
Q

How many towns does form Barolo DOCG p77

A

11 towns (hills surrounding the towns)

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29
Q

What are the most important villages in Barolo DOCG p78

A 
La Morra
Barolo
Castiglione Falleto
Monforte d'Alba
Serralunga d'Alba
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30
Q

What is the percentage of Barolo produced in the five most important villages in Barolo DOCG p78

A

90%

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31
Q

Where is Nebbiolo generally planted in Barolo DOCG p78

A

Most in mid-slope

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32
Q

What are the typical soils in Barolo DOCG p78

A

Tortonian soil and Helvetian/Serravallian soil

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33
Q

What is the formation of Tortonian soil p78

A

Calcareous Marls more fertile and compact

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34
Q

What is the wine style in the Tortonian type of soil p78

A

More perfumed, elegant, fruitier and softer maturing rapidly

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35
Q

Which of the five most important villages are located on Tortonian type of soil p78

A

La Morra and Barolo

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36
Q

What is the formation of Helvetian/Serravallian soil p78

A

sandstone and sand, poorer, less compact and less fertile

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37
Q

What is the wine style in the Helvetian/Serrallian type of soil p78

A

More power and depth; fuller in body, more robust and structured and need more time in the bottle

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38
Q

Which of the five most important villages are located on Helvetian/Serravallian type of soil p78

A

Monforte d’Alba
Serralunga d’Alba
Part of Castiglione Falleto

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39
Q

Traditionally speaking Barolo was a blend or single vineyards p78

A

Blend of different vineyards and/or different communes

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40
Q

How did Barolo become more frequently produced after estate bottling turned to be widespread in the ‘60s-70s p78

A

Single-vineyards

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41
Q

What does UGA stand for p79

A

Unità Geografica Aggiuntiva

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42
Q

Does UGA represent designation in the quality pyramid p79

A

No

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43
Q

How many UGA does exist in Barolo DOCG p79

A

181 UGAs

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44
Q

What are the most well known UGAs in Barolo DOCG p79

A

Bussia, Canubi, Cerequio, Rocche dell’Annunziata, Brunate, Monptivato, Ginestra, Francia, Sarmassa, Vigna Rionda

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45
Q

What is the traditional winemaking style in Barolo DOCG p79

A

Long maceration (up to two months)- Extended ageing- neutral casks (Botti) Slavonian oak or Chestnut

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46
Q

What is the Barolo wine style with the traditional winemaking method p79

A

Austere and tannic when young. Approachable only after additional bottle ageing

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47
Q

What is the modern Barolo winemaking style in Barolo DOCG p79

A

Fruit-driven and approachable upon release

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48
Q

What is the Barolo wine style with the modern winemaking method p79

A

Softer tannins, more concentration and noticeably more oak

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49
Q

How was the young generation of Barolo producers called because of the modern style p79

A

Barolo boys

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50
Q

What is the ageing time for Barolo DOCG (and for Riserva) p80

A

38/18 and 62/18 for Riserva

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51
Q

What is Barolo Chinato p80

A

Rare aromatic and fortified wine made of base wine made of Barolo

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52
Q

What is the other prestigious appellation based on Nebbiolo besides Barolo p80

A

Barbaresco

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53
Q

Who did introduce the name Barbaresco p80

A

Domizio Cavazza

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54
Q

What did Domizio Cavazza do

A

Acquired Castle of Barbaresco including surrounding vineyards and founded the cooperative Produttori del Barbaresco

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55
Q

Who did transformed Barbaresco wine to a world-class wine p80

A

Angelo Gaja

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56
Q

Who did work together with Angelo Gaja to demonstrate Barbaresco real potential in 1950-60s p80

A

Bruno Giacosa

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57
Q

Where is Barbaresco DOCG located p80

A

The right bank of Tanaro River east and northeast of Alba

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58
Q

What is the percentage of Nebbiolo grape in Barbaresco DOCG p80

A

100%

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59
Q

What are the main three communes of Barbaresco DOCG p80

A

Barbaresco
Neive
Treiso

60
Q

Hills of Barbaresco are higher or lower than in Barolo p81

A

Lower (50m asl)

61
Q

What is the characteristics of Barbaresco soil p81

A

Tortonian soil (calcareous marls similar to soil in the western part of Barolo, but with layers of sand

62
Q

What is the influence of the fact that Barbaresco is closer to the Tanaro River than Barolo p81

A

It is slightly warmer and therefore ripen earlier and more consistent than Barolo

63
Q

What is the main difference in the soil of Barbaresco compared with Barolo soils p81

A

It is more homogeneous and therefore less variation among different areas of the appellation

64
Q

What is the ageing time for Barbaresco DOCG (and for Riserva) p80

A

26/9 and 50/9 for Riserva

65
Q

What is the historic style of Barbaresco p81

A

Lighter, less alcohol and less structured than Barolo (this is simple generalization)

66
Q

How many UGA is there in Barbaresco DOCG p81

A

66 UGA

67
Q

What are the most well known UGAs in Barbaresco DOCG p81

A

Rabajà; Ovello; Pora; Basarin; Asili; Montefico; Montestefano; Gallina; Pajorè; Tildin; San Lorenzo and Martinenga

68
Q

Which Appellation did first use UGA Barbaresco or Barolo p81

A

Barbaresco (2007)

69
Q

What is the traditional winemaking style in Barbaresco DOCG p82

A

Long maceration (up to two months)- Extended ageing- neutral casks (Botti)

70
Q

Who did change the traditional style of Barbaresco wine in the 1970s and how

A

Angelo Gaja adopted shorter maceration periods and shorter ageing (in new, small French oak barrels

71
Q

If Barolo is considered King of wines how can Barbaresco be considered p80

A

Queen of wines (more elegant and refined)

72
Q

What is the size of Barbaresco compared with Barolo p82

A

Barolo is 3 times bigger than Barbaresco (both area and volume (13 million bottles vs 4)

73
Q

How many Dolcetto-based Appellation are there in Langhe p83

A

Three appellation

74
Q

How Dolcetto based wine is generally hierarchically considered in Langhe p83

A

First step when climbing up the Langhe wine ladder

75
Q

What are the characteristics of Dolcetto based wine in terms of winemaking compared with Barolo and Barbaresco p83

A

Ripens first
First to be released
Earliest to mature

76
Q

Where is Dogliani DOCG located p83

A

Middle of the western Langhe right bank of Tanaro River

77
Q

Which commune is considered the capital of Dolcetto p83

A

Dogliani

78
Q

How was Dogliani DOCG previously called p83

A

Dolcetto di Dogliani DOCG

79
Q

How is the soil in Dogliani DOCG p83

A

Layers of sandstone interspersed with marls

80
Q

What is the percentage of Dolcetto in Dogliani p84

A

100%

81
Q

How long should Dogliani Superiore age p84

A

At least one year

82
Q

Where is Dolcetto di Diano d’Alba DOCG located p84

A

South of Alba and east of Barolo

83
Q

What is the percentage of Dolcetto di Diano d’Alba p84

A

100%

84
Q

How is the soil in Dolcetto di Diano d’Alba DOCG p84

A

Whitish sandstone

85
Q

How many UGA is there in Dolcetto di Diano d’Alba

A

76 UGAs

86
Q

How long should Dolcetto di Diano d’Alba Superiore age p84

A

At least 10 months

87
Q

Dolcetto d’Alba DOCG is in which side of Tanaro River p85

A

Right side

88
Q

Areas of Barolo and Barbaresco are included in Dolcetto d’Alba DOC area? p85

A

yes

89
Q

How is the soil in Dolcetto d’Alba p85

A

Calcareous marl
Sandstone
Sand (typical of lower Langhe)

90
Q

What are the characteristics of the two specific areas of Dolcetto d’Alba DOC p85

A

More structured within area of Barolo and Barbaresco and lighter and mora elegant at east of Alba towards Belbo Valley

91
Q

What is the minimum percentage of Dolcetto grape in Dolcetto d’Alba DOC p85

A

100%

92
Q

What is the ageing time for Dolcetto d’Alba Superiore DOC p85

A

At least 1 year

93
Q

Where is Barbera d’Alba located p85

A

Both sides of Tanaro River

94
Q

What is the characteristics of the soil in Barbera d’Alba DOC p85

A

Calcareous Marls
Sandstone
Sand (Lower Langhe)

95
Q

What is the minimum percentage of Barbera grape in Barbera d’Alba DOC p86

A

85%

96
Q

Which grape can be partner of Barbera in Barbera d’Alba DOC p86

A

Nebbiolo up to 15%

97
Q

What is the minimum ageing time for Barbera d’Alba Superiore DOC p86

A

12 months being 4 in oak

98
Q

What does the term BAROLEGGIA mean for Barbera d’Alba DOC p86

A

Develops similar flavor profile of Barolo with bottle ageing

99
Q

Which wine district are included in Langhe DOC p86

A

District of Langhe and Roero

100
Q

What producers usually use Langhe DOC for p86

A

Use this DOC to classify their wines that does not fit more stringent requirements of DOC/G in that area

101
Q

What are the most important native grapes found in Langhe DOC p87

A

Nebbiolo
Barbera
Dolcetto
Arneis

102
Q

Which other Piemonte grapes are found in Langhe DOC p87

A

Favorita (Vermentino)
Freisa
Nascetta

103
Q

What is the minimum percentage of grape for varietal wines in Langhe DOC p87

A

85%

104
Q

When Barolo and Barbaresco producers use Langhe Nebbiolo DOC for their wines p87

A

when they want to make Nebbiolo-based wines under less restrictive rules

105
Q

What is the important sub region in Langhe DOC p87

A

Nascetta del Comune di Novello

106
Q

Where is Nascetta grape grown p87

A

Commune of Novello

107
Q

Where is red Pelaverga grape grown p88

A

Commune of Verduno in northern part of Barolo

108
Q

What is the minimum percentage of Pelaverga varietal wines p88

A

85%

109
Q

What is the specific appellation for traditional method sparkling wine in Southern Piemonte p88

A

Alta Langa DOCG

110
Q

Which grapes are used in the production of Alta Langa DOCG p88

A

Chardonnay and Pinot Nero (90-100%)

111
Q

What is the minimum required time for Alta Langa DOCG on lees p88

A

30 months and 36 months for Riserva

112
Q

Do Alta Langa DOCG need to be vintage dated p88

A

yes

113
Q

Where is Roero Hills located p88

A

Left bank of Tanaro River

114
Q

What is the most important town in Roero p88

A

Canale

115
Q

Where does the name Roero come from p88

A

From the family Roero who ruled the are for centuries in the middle ages

116
Q

How rocky cliffs are called in Roero p88

A

Rocche

117
Q

How is Roero hills compared with Langhe Hills p88

A

Lower in altitude and steeper

118
Q

How is the soil in Roero p89

A

Sand
Sandstone
Marl

119
Q

What are the mains grapes grown in Roero DOCG p89

A

Nebbiolo and Arneis

120
Q

What is them minimum percentage of Nebbiolo in Roero DOCG p90

A

95%

121
Q

What is the ageing time for Roero DOCG and riserva p90

A

20 months 6 in oak and 32 months 6 in oak for riserva

122
Q

What is the percentage of Arneis in Roero Arneis DOCG p90

A

95%

123
Q

What are the three main areas in Monferrato hills p91

A

Basso Monferrato
Monferrato Astigiano
Alto Monferrato

124
Q

Monferrato is historically home for which grapes p91

A

Barbera
Grignolino
Cortese

125
Q

What is the climate in Monferrato p91

A

Continental cold winter and hot dry summer

126
Q

What are the three principal types of soil in Monferrato p91

A

Terre Bianche
Sabbie Astigiane (Asti sand)
Terre Rosse

127
Q

What is Terre Bianche soil in Monferrato p91

A

Sand
Sandstone
White calcareous marls

128
Q

What is the soil in Sabbie Asti (Asti sand) in Monferrato p91

A

Sand (poor water retention)

129
Q

What is the Terre Rosse soil in Monferrato p91

A

Deep
Higher clay content
Rich in iron and magnesium

130
Q

What is Infernotti (or Infernòt) in Monferrato p91

A

Underground cellars dug in marly-sandstone soils

131
Q

What are the most important hills in Alba sub region p74

A

Langhe and Roero hills

132
Q

In which province is Alba located p74

A

Cuneo Province

133
Q

What is the river which separates Langhe Hills and Roero Hills p74

A

Tanaro River

134
Q

From where does the Tanaro river flow p74

A

Flows north from western Liguria Apennines to Po River

135
Q

In which bank of Tanaro river are Roero hills located p74

A

Left bank (north bank)

136
Q

In which bank of Tanaro river are Langhe hills located p74

A

Right bank (south bank)

137
Q

What is the topography of Roero hills p74

A

Low-rising and steeply sloped

138
Q

What is the topography of Langhe hills p74

A

Higher in elevation with more gradual slopes

139
Q

Where is Alba city considered to be located p74

A

Langhe

140
Q

Why is Alba important as far as history and viticulture is concerned p74

A

Because of the number of communes and appellations

141
Q

What does make Alba culinary renowned for p74

A

Hazelnuts, truffles and chocolates (land of Nutella)

142
Q

How is the climate in Alba sub region p75

A

Moderately continental
Cold winter
Warm dry summers

143
Q

What can cause significant vintage variation in Alba sub-region p75

A

Summer rainstorm and hail can affect the last stage of ripening process.

144
Q

How does a generally foggy and mild autumns impact in Alba sub-region p75

A

Extension of growing season well into October

145
Q

How does the rainfall look like in Alba sub-region p75

A

Around 500-800mm and is higher in the south than in the north

146
Q

What is the characteristics of Langhe Hills soil p75

A

Calcareous marls (Terre Bianche) formed 15 million years ago

147
Q

Barbera d’Alba left bank v right bank p86

A

Left Bank = approachable, refined

Right Bank = richer, more structured, can age

IWS Unit 1 (57 decks)

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