physiology reproduction system 2

Question 1

ovarian cycle
how many days
how many phases

Answer 1

28

2

Question 2

what are the phases

Answer 2

FOLLICULAR- 14 days
starts at menstruation and ends at ovulation

LUTEAL PHASE- 14 days
Remainder of menstrual cycle

Question 3

Corpus luteum
formed from
triggered by
function

Answer 3

• ruptured follicle
• luteinizing hormone
• secretes estrogen and progesterone

Question 4

Menstrual phase: Days 1-5 uterine cycle
what happens
how is it triggered
consequences

Answer 4

• shedding of uterus lining
• fall in estrogen and progesterone as corpus luteum degenerates

-blood vessels constricts, reducing blood flows , tissue then dies and sheds

blood and tissue leave body thru vagina = menstrual flow

Question 5

Proliferative phase: Days 6-14 uterine cycle

purpose

Answer 5

renewal of uterus for prep for pregnancy

Question 6

Proliferative phase: Days 6-14 uterine cycle
what happens
what is the change triggered by

Answer 6

growth of endometrium
thickening of myometrium
increase in blood vessels
in cervix ,gland secretes thin watery fluid to facilitate sperm movement

oestrogen which is produced by ovarian follicles

Question 7

Secretory phase:Days 15-28 Uterine cycle
purpose
what happens
changes triggered by

Answer 7

endometrium favourable for implantation and nourishment of fetus

endometrial glands secrete glycogen
cervical glands produce viscous secretions – mucus plug

progesterone from corpus luteum

Question 8

Secretory phase Days 15-28 Uterine cycle
no fertilisation
fertilisation

Answer 8

• corpus luteum degenerate , Oestrogen and progesterone levels fall causing menstration
• corpus luteum stays the same ,Oestrogen/progesterone levels remain high , no menstration

Question 9

Actions of progesterone
when is it used
suppresses
promotes

Answer 9

luteal phase and pregnancy

milk production and uterine contractions

secretory phase and growth of glandular tissue in breast

Question 10

Actions of Oestrogen in follicular phase

Answer 10

endometrial growth
oogenesis and follicle development

increases… LH receptors on granulosa cells and progesterone receptors in uterus

Question 11

Actions of Oestrogen in luteal phase and pregnancy
promotes
increases
supresses

Answer 11

breast tissue growth and fat deposition
uterine growth
lactation

Question 12

Estrogen/progesterone combination pill

Answer 12

oestrogen inhibits FSH. (inhibits ovarian follicle development)
progesterone inhibits LH (prevents ovulation)

cervical mucous less hospitable to sperm
alter endometrium to prevent implantation

Question 13

progesterone only mini pill

Answer 13

makes cervical mucous inhospitable to sperm