Anatomy : The cerebral cortex

Question 1

Terminology:

• nucleus
• tract
• ganglia

Answer 1

• collection of neuron cell bodies in CNS
• a collection of axons in CNS
• collection of nueron cell bodies in PNS

Question 2

cerebrum controls

Answer 2

mental functions … includes mental thoughts (conscious) and intellectual functions

Question 3

Cerebrum processes..

Answer 3

somatic sensory and motor functions

Question 4

Gray matter
what
found in

Answer 4

cell bodies

cerebral cortex and basal nuclei (ganglia)

Question 5

White matter

• where
• surrounding

Answer 5

• deep to cerebral cortex

- basal nuclei

Question 6

Cerebral cortex: total surface area

Answer 6

2200cm^3 …. 1/3 = surface area 2/3=hidden in sucli

Question 7

Cerebral cortex thickness

Answer 7

1.5mm to 3

Question 8

Cerebral cortex weight

Answer 8

600g —-

180g neurons
420g glial cells

Question 9

white matter represents the

Answer 9

the high concentration of axons which gives it lighter appearance

Question 10

myelinated axons …

Answer 10

have sheaths on their entire length

Question 11

what do Myelinated axons do

Answer 11

connect the cerebral cortex with other regions of the brain

Question 12

types of white matter tract

Answer 12

• comissural fibres
• Association fibres
• projection fibres

Question 13

commissural fibers

• what do they do
• largest bundle

Answer 13

• connect the cortices of the right and left cerebral hemispheres
• corpus callosum

Question 14

association fibres
what do they do
types

Answer 14

-connect regions of the cerebral cortex within one hemisphere

• • short association fibres (arcuate) connect to adjacent gryus
• • long association fibres ( longitundal ) connect to distant gyri in different lobes

Question 15

projection fibres:
what
form
catergories

Answer 15

• leave cerebral white matter
• internal capsule
• a) corticofugal : terminate in basal nuclei, brainstem OR spinal cord
• b)corticopedal : orginate in thalamus & terminate in cerebral cortex

Question 16

function of parietal lobe

Answer 16

processing sensory and spatial info

Question 17

function of frontal lobe
left side contains

Answer 17

decision making
control of voluntary moving

brocas area

Question 18

function of occipital lobe

Answer 18

vision

Question 19

function of temporal lobe
left side contains

Answer 19

processing memories
intergrating memories w emotion
sensations of taste sight touch and sound

Wernikes area

Question 20

The three types of Functional Areas of the Cerebral Cortex

Answer 20

1 motor areas … control voluntary movement
2 sensory areas…conscious awareness of sensation
3 association areas … integrate diverse info

Question 21

Wernikes area is responsible for

Answer 21

language interpretation

Question 22

brocas area is responsible

Answer 22

speech production

Question 23

motor areas

Answer 23

precentral gyrus of front lobe

the primary motor cortex directs voluntary movements

Question 24

sensory areas

Answer 24

postcentral gyrus of parietal lobe

primary sensory cortex recieves somatic sensory information

Question 25

what does primary sensory information consist of

Answer 25

``` taste temp touch pain pressure vibration ```

Question 26

Prefrontal Cortex

Answer 26

coordinates all info from all association areas

Question 27

what is prefrontal cortex important for

Answer 27

intellect planning mood reasoning

Question 28

what are Association Areas

Answer 28

any brain region that receives input from more than one sensory modality

Question 29

Association Areas parietal cortex temporal cortex frontal cortex

Answer 29

- attending to stimuli in internal and external enviroment - identifying nature of stimuli - planning appropiate response to stimuli COMBINES TO ALLOW COGNITION

Question 30

left hemisphere (dominant hemisphere) controls

Answer 30

reading and writing maths decision making and logic speech and language

Question 31

right hemisphere relates

Answer 31

recognition visual/spatial reasoning emotion