Phreakin Photosynthesis Flashcards
What is the equation for photosynthesis (with coefficients)
6 CO2 + 12 H2O –> C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H2O
The experiment they used to decide whether water or carbon dioxide was present in O2 was..
using an isotope O18 to tag both carbaon dioxide and water
Molecules become ___ when the absorb photons
excited
Two types of photosynthesis reactions
LightDark (light-independent)
Types of pigments that absorb energy for photosynthesis
chlorophyllaccessory pigments
how many types of chorophyll
2 (a and b)
Cholrophyll have long ____ chains that connect to ___ in the ____ in the ____
hydrocrabonproteins in the thylakoids in the chloroplast
What colors do chlorophyll absorb?
red and blue light
What pigments absorb other colors than red and blue
accessory pigments
types of accessory pigments
carotenoids and phycobillins
Light absorption results in a _____ change
photochemical
pigments are arranged into energy-absorbing
antenna systems (light-harvesting complexes)
Antenna systems make up the
photosystem
What photosystem spans the ____and surrounds the ____
thylakoidreaction center
Chlorophyll has 2 vital roles in photosynthesis, what are they
absorb light into excited electronstransfer elections to chemical changes
The excited electron finally ends up at _____ which gets reduced to ____
NADP –> NADPH
The two different systems of e- transport
noncycliccyclic
Noncyclic electron transport makes
ATP and NADPH and O2
Cyclic transport electron transport makes
only ATP
Equation for N-cyclic ET
H20 –> 1/2 O2 + 2H+
N-cyclic ET ____ water
oxidizes
For n-cyclic ET, how many photosystems are req?
2PS IPS II
Photosystem I (PS I) does what
reduces NADP+ into NADPH
Photosystem II (PS II) does what
oxidizes H2O
In n-cyclic ET, the e- follows the “z-scheme”, what is the order of events?
photon hits reaction centerPSII (water gets oxidized)ATP synthesizedphoton hits other reaction centerPS I ( reduces NADP+)NADPH synthesized
During n-cyclic ET, not enough ATP formed so ______ makes up for it
cyclic ET
cyclic ET uses which system?
PS I only
Photophosphorylation operates where?
in the choloroplast
________ is the sources of ATP made in _____
chemiosmosis photophosphorylation
What revealed steps in the calvin cycle?
radioisotopes
3 parts of the Calvin cycle
fixationreductionregeneration
What is the product of the calvin cycle?
Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P)
What stimulates the calvin cycle?
light
What sources of energy does the calvin cycle use?
NADPH and ATP
The stroma is the site of
dark reactions
Goal of light reactions
make ATP and NADPH to provide power to reducing power to make sugars
Mechanism for photosynthesis dependent on
potential energy from H+
Light reactions occur in the
thylakoids
Describe the chemiosmotic synthesis of ATP
-light increase the potential of an electron-energy from transferring electron drives H+ into thylakoid and makes pH gradient-potential energy of pH drives ATP synthesis
photorespiration occurse at
high temperature in light
Main cells that are involved in the dark reactions (C3 C4 etf)
bundle sheath cells
how many turns of the calvin cycle is needed for 1 sugar?
6
C4 plants have ____ separation of fixation and calvin cycle
spatial
bundle sheaths are “ringed” by
mesophyll
Crassualcean Acid Metabolism
CAM plants
CAM plants develop in ___ environments
arid
Water loss is minimized in CAM plants by
reversing the stomatal cycle
4C compound is stored where in C4 plants? where in CAM plants?
transfered to adjacent cellin vacuole
In CAM plants the fixation and calvin cycle are separated
temporally
Compount C4 and CAM plants make
OAA
Bundle sheaths are characteristic of what dark process?
C4
C4 plants require what extra?
extra ATP/CO2 (2)
CAM plants avoid dehydration by
temporal separation
