EEMB: Animals - Vertebrates Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
2
Q

Major characteristics of verterbrates

A

Dorsal nervous systeminternal skeletonvertebral columnorgans in a ceolomcirculatory system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

T/F: True powered flight evolved in the winged insects

A

FALSE - it started happening in vertebrates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What separates the vertebrates from other chordates?

A

spinal columncranium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

First jaws appear in what class? What did it develop from?

A

placoderm (placodermi)modification of gill arches

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What period was age of the fishes?

A

Devonian period

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What other fishes evolved during the Devonian period with the placoderms

A

ray-finned fisheslobe-ray fishes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Class Chondrichthyes include what animals?

A

sharks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

The skeleton of chondrichthyes are composed of what? This means the lack true bone.

A

cartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

The bony fish are class

A

osteichthys

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

T/F: bone is a living tissue

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Evolutionary structure that helps with swimming in osteichthys

A

swim bladder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

The swim bladder has many fucntions (list them in your head) but now its main function is there for _______

A

neutral buoyancy(other functions: respiration, hearing, etc. )

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How did vertebrates colonize land? Which were the first animals to get such characteristics

A

Swim bladder as primitive lungDeveloped jointed appendageslungfishCoelocanths

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Tetrapods describe what type of animals

A

4 limb animals (mainly terrestrial)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What the 4 classes of tetrapods?

A

amphibiansreptilesavesmammals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Characteristics of amphibia

A

land and waterbreath through skin and lungs

18
Q

Adaptations to the challenges on land include a modified _____, what type of skin? and _____ to concentrate urine

A

modified egg (amniote egg)water-tight skinkidneys

19
Q

What class was the (first?) successful amniote lineage

A

Reptiles

20
Q

Class aves are the

A

birds

21
Q

Aves evolved from what lineage?

A

dinosaurs

22
Q

Describe the heart of the reptiles

A

4 chambered incomplete heart

23
Q

Describe specializations for flight in class aves

A

featherslight hollow bonesone-way breathing systemflight muscles attached to breast bone

24
Q

What was modified into feathers?

A

scales

25
Q

The fantastic example of convergent evolution

A

Wings - bats, birds, dinos

26
Q

First vertebrates to gain flights

A

Pterosaurs

27
Q

the two hypothesis to flgiht

A

“ground up”“trees down”

28
Q

What is homeothermy

A

warm-blooded

29
Q

T/F: Homeothermy first evolved in mammals

A

True

30
Q

Features of mammals

A

mammary/sweat glandshaircomplete 4 chambered heart

31
Q

3 major groups of mammals

A

Eutheria (placental)Marsupials (pouched)Monotremes (egg laying)

32
Q

The secondary invaders of the sea

A

marine mamals - weddell seal

33
Q

The champion divers of the antartic

A

Weddell seal!