EEMB: Animals - Vertebrates

Question 2

Major characteristics of verterbrates

Answer 2

Dorsal nervous systeminternal skeletonvertebral columnorgans in a ceolomcirculatory system

Question 3

T/F: True powered flight evolved in the winged insects

Answer 3

FALSE - it started happening in vertebrates

Question 4

What separates the vertebrates from other chordates?

Answer 4

spinal columncranium

Question 5

First jaws appear in what class? What did it develop from?

Answer 5

placoderm (placodermi)modification of gill arches

Question 6

What period was age of the fishes?

Answer 6

Devonian period

Question 7

What other fishes evolved during the Devonian period with the placoderms

Answer 7

ray-finned fisheslobe-ray fishes

Question 8

Class Chondrichthyes include what animals?

Answer 8

sharks

Question 9

The skeleton of chondrichthyes are composed of what? This means the lack true bone.

Answer 9

cartilage

Question 10

The bony fish are class

Answer 10

osteichthys

Question 11

T/F: bone is a living tissue

Answer 11

True

Question 12

Evolutionary structure that helps with swimming in osteichthys

Answer 12

swim bladder

Question 13

The swim bladder has many fucntions (list them in your head) but now its main function is there for _______

Answer 13

neutral buoyancy(other functions: respiration, hearing, etc. )

Question 14

How did vertebrates colonize land? Which were the first animals to get such characteristics

Answer 14

Swim bladder as primitive lungDeveloped jointed appendageslungfishCoelocanths

Question 15

Tetrapods describe what type of animals

Answer 15

4 limb animals (mainly terrestrial)

Question 16

What the 4 classes of tetrapods?

Answer 16

amphibiansreptilesavesmammals

Question 17

Characteristics of amphibia

Answer 17

land and waterbreath through skin and lungs

Question 18

Adaptations to the challenges on land include a modified _____, what type of skin? and _____ to concentrate urine

Answer 18

modified egg (amniote egg)water-tight skinkidneys

Question 19

What class was the (first?) successful amniote lineage

Answer 19

Reptiles

Question 20

Class aves are the

Answer 20

birds

Question 21

Aves evolved from what lineage?

Answer 21

dinosaurs

Question 22

Describe the heart of the reptiles

Answer 22

4 chambered incomplete heart

Question 23

Describe specializations for flight in class aves

Answer 23

featherslight hollow bonesone-way breathing systemflight muscles attached to breast bone

Question 24

What was modified into feathers?

Answer 24

scales

Question 25

The fantastic example of convergent evolution

Answer 25

Wings - bats, birds, dinos

Question 26

First vertebrates to gain flights

Answer 26

Pterosaurs

Question 27

the two hypothesis to flgiht

Answer 27

“ground up”“trees down”

Question 28

What is homeothermy

Answer 28

warm-blooded

Question 29

T/F: Homeothermy first evolved in mammals

Answer 29

True

Question 30

Features of mammals

Answer 30

mammary/sweat glandshaircomplete 4 chambered heart

Question 31

3 major groups of mammals

Answer 31

Eutheria (placental)Marsupials (pouched)Monotremes (egg laying)

Question 32

The secondary invaders of the sea

Answer 32

marine mamals - weddell seal

Question 33

The champion divers of the antartic

Answer 33

Weddell seal!