Photosynthesis Flashcards
What is photosynthesis?
Photosynthesis is the production of carbohydrates (glucose) from carbon dioxide and water using light energy trapped by chlorophyll.
What is the chemical equation for photosynthesis?
6CO2 + 6H2O —> C6H12O6 +6O2
Carbon dioxide + water —> glucose + oxygen
What are the three roles of photosynthesis?
- To produce food for animals.
- To produce oxygen.
- To remove carbon dioxide from the air.
What are the three things that photosynthesis’ rate depends on?
- Light
- Temperature
- Carbon Dioxide
How does artificial lighting used to promote photosynthesis?
Artificial lighting in greenhouses increases photosynthesis rates and this increases crop growth.
How are greenhouses used in promoting photosynthesis?
Greenhouses trap heat by the sun and plant respiration which helps increase the rate of photosynthesis.
What are the two stages of photosynthesis called?
- Light stage (light-dependent)
- Dark stage (light-independent)
What’s the difference between the light and dark stage in relation to their reactions?
- The reactions in the light stage are dependant on the lights energy.
- The reactions in the dark stage do not require light. However, it depends on some products from the light stage.
Where does the light stage happen?
The light stage takes place in the grana of the chloroplast.
How does the light stage work?
Light energy is absorbed, passed into the reaction centre of the chlorophyll molecule and then energises the electrons.
The energised electrons enter two pathways, name these two path ways.
- Pathway 1 (cyclic)
- Pathway 2 (non-cyclic)
What are energy carriers?
Energy carriers are simply put, molecules that carry energy from one location to another.
Are energy carriers high or low energy?
They can be either high or low energy.
Is Adinosine Diphosphate (ADP) a high or low energy carrier?
It is a low energy carrier.
Is Adinosine Triphosphate (ATP) a high or low energy carrier?
It is a high energy carrier.
If energy is given off, what happens with the two energy carriers?
If energy is given off, ATP —> ADP.
If energy is given off, what happens with the two energy carriers?
If energy is being provided, ADP —> ATP.
What is it called when energy is being provided and ADP turns into ATP?
It’s called phosphorylation.
What is a by-product of phosphorylation?
Water is a by-product of phosphorylation.
How does Pathway 1 differ from Pathway two in relation to electrons?
- In pathway 1, one electron passes from electron acceptor to acceptor.
- In pathway 2, two electrons passes from electron acceptor to acceptor.
When the electrons pass from acceptor to acceptor, does it gain or lose energy?
It loses energy.
What is the pathways equation?
Energy + ADP + P —> ATP + Water
What happens when the pathways equation happens in Pathway 1?
The electron returns back to the original electron acceptor.
Is NADP+ a high or low energy carrier?
Its a low energy carrier.
