Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology > Photosynthesis > Flashcards

Photosynthesis Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is photosynthesis?

A

Photosynthesis is the production of carbohydrates (glucose) from carbon dioxide and water using light energy trapped by chlorophyll.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the chemical equation for photosynthesis?

A

6CO2 + 6H2O —> C6H12O6 +6O2

Carbon dioxide + water —> glucose + oxygen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the three roles of photosynthesis?

A
  • To produce food for animals.
  • To produce oxygen.
  • To remove carbon dioxide from the air.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the three things that photosynthesis’ rate depends on?

A
  • Light
  • Temperature
  • Carbon Dioxide
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How does artificial lighting used to promote photosynthesis?

A

Artificial lighting in greenhouses increases photosynthesis rates and this increases crop growth.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How are greenhouses used in promoting photosynthesis?

A

Greenhouses trap heat by the sun and plant respiration which helps increase the rate of photosynthesis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the two stages of photosynthesis called?

A
  • Light stage (light-dependent)

- Dark stage (light-independent)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What’s the difference between the light and dark stage in relation to their reactions?

A
  • The reactions in the light stage are dependant on the lights energy.
  • The reactions in the dark stage do not require light. However, it depends on some products from the light stage.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Where does the light stage happen?

A

The light stage takes place in the grana of the chloroplast.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How does the light stage work?

A

Light energy is absorbed, passed into the reaction centre of the chlorophyll molecule and then energises the electrons.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

The energised electrons enter two pathways, name these two path ways.

A
  • Pathway 1 (cyclic)

- Pathway 2 (non-cyclic)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are energy carriers?

A

Energy carriers are simply put, molecules that carry energy from one location to another.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Are energy carriers high or low energy?

A

They can be either high or low energy.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Is Adinosine Diphosphate (ADP) a high or low energy carrier?

A

It is a low energy carrier.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Is Adinosine Triphosphate (ATP) a high or low energy carrier?

A

It is a high energy carrier.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

If energy is given off, what happens with the two energy carriers?

A

If energy is given off, ATP —> ADP.

17
Q

If energy is given off, what happens with the two energy carriers?

A

If energy is being provided, ADP —> ATP.

18
Q

What is it called when energy is being provided and ADP turns into ATP?

A

It’s called phosphorylation.

19
Q

What is a by-product of phosphorylation?

A

Water is a by-product of phosphorylation.

20
Q

How does Pathway 1 differ from Pathway two in relation to electrons?

A
  • In pathway 1, one electron passes from electron acceptor to acceptor.
  • In pathway 2, two electrons passes from electron acceptor to acceptor.
21
Q

When the electrons pass from acceptor to acceptor, does it gain or lose energy?

A

It loses energy.

22
Q

What is the pathways equation?

A

Energy + ADP + P —> ATP + Water

23
Q

What happens when the pathways equation happens in Pathway 1?

A

The electron returns back to the original electron acceptor.

24
Q

Is NADP+ a high or low energy carrier?

A

Its a low energy carrier.

25
Q

Is NADPH a high or low energy carrier?

A

It’s a high energy carrier.

26
Q

What are the two functions of Pathway 1?

A
  • To carry energy.

- To carry protons.

27
Q

What do the electrons do after the pathways equation in Pathway 2?

A

The electrons still have some energy left over and react with NADP+.

28
Q

What is photolysis?

A

It is the splitting of water.

29
Q

What is the equation of photolysis?

A

2H2O —> 4H+ + 4e- + O2

30
Q

What happens to protons after photolysis?

A

The protons go to the proton pool where they are stored before reacting with NADP+ (dark stage).

31
Q

What is the equation for NADP+ turning to NADPH?

A

NADP+ + 2e- —> NADPH

32
Q

What are the three end products of the light stage and what does each do in the dark stage?

A
  • ATP — Supplies energy.
  • NADPH — Supplies energised electrons and protons.
  • O2 — Used for respiration or released into the atmosphere (this is not used in the dark stage).
33
Q

Where does the dark stage happen?

A

It takes place in the stroma of the chloroplast (liquid).

34
Q

What compound is essential for the dark stage and why?

A

Carbon dioxide is essential for the dark stage because it supplies carbon.

35
Q

What are the four stages of the dark stage?

A
  1. NADPH releases H+ and 2e-.
  2. CO2 combines with the H+ and 2e- to form glucose.
  3. Energy is provided by ATP —> ADP.
  4. ADP and NADP+ return to the light stage and are reused.

Biology (24 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions