Food

Question 1

What is the function of food?

Answer 1

To supply chemical energy.

Question 2

What are three reasons for requiring food?

Answer 2

• Allows growth of new cells
• Supplies energy for metabolism
• Supplies energy for continuity

Question 3

What are 6 common elements in food?

Answer 3

• Carbon
• Hydrogen
• Oxygen
• Nitrogen
• Phosphorus
• Sulphur

Question 4

What are five elements in dissolved salts?

Answer 4

• Sodium
• Magnesium
• Chlorine
• Potassium
• Calcium

Question 5

What are three trace elements required?

Answer 5

• Iron
• Copper
• Zinc

Question 6

What is the general formula for a carbohydrate?

Answer 6

Cx(H2O)y

Question 7

Carbohydrates are composed of indivisible units. What are three examples of these?

Answer 7

• Monosaccharides
• Disaccarides
• Polysaccharides

Question 8

What is a vitamin?

Answer 8

A vitamin is an essential organic catalyst of metabolism.

Question 9

What is a water soluble vitamin and a source of that vitamin?

Answer 9

Vitamin C is found in citrus fruits.

Question 10

What is a water in-soluble vitamin and a source of that vitamin?

Answer 10

Vitamin A is found in carrots.

Question 11

Food is made up of 6 different components. What are they?

Answer 11

• Water
• Lipids
• Vitamins
• Proteins
• Carbohydrates
• Minerals

Question 12

What are the elemental components of carbohydrates?

Answer 12

• Carbon
• Hydrogen
• Oxygen

Question 13

Elaborate on monosaccharides.

Answer 13

1 unit molecule
Simple sugars
Soluble in water

Example - Glucose

Question 14

Elaborate on Disaccharides.

Answer 14

2 unit molecules
Soluble in water
Sweet to taste

Example - Sucrose, Lactose

Question 15

Elaborate on polysaccharides.

Answer 15

3+ unit molecules
Not sweet to taste
Not soluble in water

Example - Cellulose, Starch

Question 16

What are the elemental components of lipids?

Answer 16

• Carbon
• Oxygen
• Protein

Question 17

What are the elemental components of protein?

Answer 17

• Carbon
• Hydrogen
• Oxygen
• Nitrogen

(some may also contains sulphur, phosphorous and iron)

Question 18

What are the two types of lipids?

Answer 18

• Triglyceride

- Phospholipids

Question 19

What is the ratio of carbohydrates?

Answer 19

1 Carbon: 2 Hydrogen: 1 Oxygen

Question 20

What are triglycerides in relation to their size?

Answer 20

They are the smallest lipid.

Question 21

What are phospholipids?

Answer 21

A phospholipids is a lipid if one fatty acid of a lipid molecule is replaced by a phosphate group.

Question 22

Are the ratio of elements the same between carbohydrates and lipids?

Answer 22

No

Question 23

What are three sources of lipids?

Answer 23

• Fat
• Butter
• Cooking oils

Question 24

What are four sources of lipids?

Answer 24

• Lean meat
• Fish
• Soya
• Eggs

Question 25

What is a structural role of lipids in the body?

Answer 25

Phosphorus forms part of the cell membrane.

Question 26

What is a metabolic role of lipids in the body?

Answer 26

Lipids are broken down in respiration to release energy.

Question 27

What is the main polysaccharide in plants?

Answer 27

Cellulose

Question 28

What is used to identify protein in food?

Answer 28

Buriets solution

Question 29

What are the 4 distinct groups connected to a central carbon atom.

Answer 29

• Single hydrogen atom
• An amino group
• A carboxyl group
• A side chain

Question 30

What is used to identify reducing sugars in food?

Answer 30

Benedict’s / Fehling’s solution.