Food Flashcards
What is the function of food?
To supply chemical energy.
What are three reasons for requiring food?
- Allows growth of new cells
- Supplies energy for metabolism
- Supplies energy for continuity
What are 6 common elements in food?
- Carbon
- Hydrogen
- Oxygen
- Nitrogen
- Phosphorus
- Sulphur
What are five elements in dissolved salts?
- Sodium
- Magnesium
- Chlorine
- Potassium
- Calcium
What are three trace elements required?
- Iron
- Copper
- Zinc
What is the general formula for a carbohydrate?
Cx(H2O)y
Carbohydrates are composed of indivisible units. What are three examples of these?
- Monosaccharides
- Disaccarides
- Polysaccharides
What is a vitamin?
A vitamin is an essential organic catalyst of metabolism.
What is a water soluble vitamin and a source of that vitamin?
Vitamin C is found in citrus fruits.
What is a water in-soluble vitamin and a source of that vitamin?
Vitamin A is found in carrots.
Food is made up of 6 different components. What are they?
- Water
- Lipids
- Vitamins
- Proteins
- Carbohydrates
- Minerals
What are the elemental components of carbohydrates?
- Carbon
- Hydrogen
- Oxygen
Elaborate on monosaccharides.
1 unit molecule
Simple sugars
Soluble in water
Example - Glucose
Elaborate on Disaccharides.
2 unit molecules
Soluble in water
Sweet to taste
Example - Sucrose, Lactose
Elaborate on polysaccharides.
3+ unit molecules
Not sweet to taste
Not soluble in water
Example - Cellulose, Starch
What are the elemental components of lipids?
- Carbon
- Oxygen
- Protein
What are the elemental components of protein?
- Carbon
- Hydrogen
- Oxygen
- Nitrogen
(some may also contains sulphur, phosphorous and iron)
What are the two types of lipids?
- Triglyceride
- Phospholipids
What is the ratio of carbohydrates?
1 Carbon: 2 Hydrogen: 1 Oxygen
What are triglycerides in relation to their size?
They are the smallest lipid.
What are phospholipids?
A phospholipids is a lipid if one fatty acid of a lipid molecule is replaced by a phosphate group.
Are the ratio of elements the same between carbohydrates and lipids?
No
What are three sources of lipids?
- Fat
- Butter
- Cooking oils
What are four sources of lipids?
- Lean meat
- Fish
- Soya
- Eggs
