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Biology > Cell Structure / Cell Diversity > Flashcards

Cell Structure / Cell Diversity Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a protoplasm?

A

It is all the living parts of a cell.

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2
Q

What is the cytoplasm?

A

It’s the clear jelly-like fluid that fills the cell.

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3
Q

What does the cytoplasm contain?

A

It contains all the organelles within the cell.

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4
Q

What is an Ultrastructure?

A

It is the detail of a structure as seen using an electron microscope.

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5
Q

What does chromatin contain?

A

It contains DNA that is arranged into chromosomes which store our genes.

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6
Q

What are prokaryotic cells?

A

They do not have a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles.

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7
Q

What are eukaryotic cells?

A

They have a nucleus and cell organelles, all of which are enclosed in a cell membrane.

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8
Q

Can you state the position and function of the cell wall?

A
  • The cell wall is rigid gives the cell a defined shape as it surrounds the cell.
  • The function of the cell wall is to support and strengthen the cell.
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9
Q

What is the position and function of the nucleus?

A
  • The nucleus remains near the centre of the cell.

- It contains the cells genetic information and controls the activities of the cell.

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10
Q

Which organelles contain DNA?

A

The nucleus and mitochondrion.

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11
Q

Where is the vacuole located?

A

Vacuoles are membrane-bound sacs within the cytoplasm.

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12
Q

What is the function of the vacuole?

A

They provide structural support as well as storage, waste, disposal, protection and growth.

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13
Q

Where are the chloroplast located?

A

They are within the cytoplasm.

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14
Q

What’s the function of the chloroplast?

A

Their function is photosynthesis.

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15
Q

Where is the cell membrane located?

A

It surrounds the cell.

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16
Q

What is the function of the cell membrane?

A

It is Semi-permeable. It allows molecules to come in and out and it gives support to the cell.

17
Q

What is the cell membrane made up of?

A

They are made up of phospholipids and proteins.

18
Q

What two qualities do they posses?

A

They are in constant motion and cell membranes are said to be fluid.

19
Q

They are in constant motion and cell membranes are said to be fluid.

A

It supplies energy to the cell in a process known as respiration. The more mitochondria, the more energy.

20
Q

Why do mitochondria have two membranes?

A

The inner membranes of the mitochondria produce the energy + have a double membrane for protection.

21
Q

Where are nuclear pores located?

A

The nucleus is made up of double membrane with numerous nuclear pores.

22
Q

What do nuclear pores do?

A

Nuclear pores control the movement of substances in and out nucleus.

23
Q

What does the Nucleus contain?

A

The nucleus contains RNA, DNA, proteins and ribosomes.

24
Q

Where are the ribosomes located?

A

They can be seen as red dots in the cell in the cytoplasm.

25
Q

What is the functions of ribosomes?

A

Their function is to make proteins.

26
Q

Where are DNA and RNA located?

A

They are located in the nucleus and mitochondria.

27
Q

What is a cell?

A

It is the smallest unit of matter that can carry all processes of life.

28
Q

What is an organelle?

A

A object inside a cell that preforms specific functions for the cell.

29
Q

What is a tissue?

A

It is a group of similar cells that are adapted to carry out the same function.

30
Q

What are 2 plant tissues?

A
  • Dermal tissues

- Vascular tissues

31
Q

What are 2 animal tissues?

A
  • Muscular tissues

- Nervous tissues

32
Q

What are two types of cells?

A
  • Nerve cells
  • Red blood cells
  • Muscle cells
33
Q

What is tissue culture?

A

It is the growth of tissue in or on an artificial medium outside an organism.

34
Q

What are 2 uses in tissue culture?

A
  • Cancer research
  • Growing human tissue for organ transplants
  • Plant breeding
35
Q

What is an organ?

A

It is a structure composed of a number of tissues that work together to perform one or more functions.

36
Q

What are 2 plant organs?

A
  • Root
  • Stem
  • Leaf
  • Flower
  • Seeds
  • Fruit
37
Q

What are 2 animal organs?

A
  • Heart
  • Stomach
  • Liver
  • Kidney
  • Lungs
  • Skin
38
Q

What is an organ system?

A

An organ system consists of a number of organs working together to carry out one or more functions.

39
Q

What are 2 organ systems in animals?

A
  • Digestive system
  • Circulatory system
  • Nervous system
  • Skeletal system
  • Muscular system
  • Reproductive system

Biology (24 decks)

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