Photosynthesis Flashcards
what are key needs for photosynthesis
make use of sunlight and its energy
make glucose, a source of energy,
to make organic molecules,
to feed hetertrohs, who can only take in organic molecules to make organic molecules.
what is basic purpose of photosynthesis
a process by which plants use energy from sunlight to produce Sugar, which is converted into ATP by cellular respiration by all living thins. Chlorophyll makes use of sunlight
what is an oxidation-reduction reaction
OIL RIG
Oxidation is losing electrons and Hydrogens
Reduction is gaining electrons and Hydrogens
summary equation for photosynthesis
6CO2 + 6H2O > C6H12O6 + 6O2
carbon di oxide to glucose: reduction
water to oxygen: oxidation
What is chlorophyll and why is it important
A molecule found in reaction centers of photo systems and uses sun energy to excite and break off an electron, later used to make ATP and NADPH very important
label:
stroma
granum
thyakloid
inner and outer membrane
lamellae
label:
stroma
granum
thyakloid
inner and outer membrane
lamellae
what is a photosystem, where is a photosystem located?
Explain why photosystem is important for photosynthesis?
found on thyakloid membrane
a cluster of few hundred pigment molecules, including chlorphyll B and caratenoids. This cluster of pigment molecules serve as light gathering antennae. when a photon strikes 1 pigment molecule, the energy jumps from pigment to pigment until it arrives to reaction center. the reaction center consists of chlorophylla moleculee that breaks electron off and sends it to primary electron accpetor and traps electron. sends the electron to another set of proteins to make ATP and NADPH.
what is NADPH? what is role in photosynthesis
an electron carrier in photosynthesis. light drives electrons from photosysnthesis and forms NADP+ and H+ and makes NADPH.
THis molecule provides high energy electron for reduction of carbon di oxide to sugar in Calvin cycle
what happens when light strikes photosystem’s reaction center?
It excites an electron and electron breaks off
photolysis how and why
near photosystem II enzyme, splitting of water and producing oxygen, hydrogens and many electrons, to be energized by light and oxygen for life!
how is oxygen produced in photosynthesis
near photosystem II enzyme, splitting of water and producing oxygen, hydrogens and many electrons, to be energized by light and oxygen for life!
what happens when excited electron passes through H+ channel of proteins
arrival of the energetic electron causes the H+ channel to pump proteins from the stroma into thyakloid space, thereby generating a proton gradient across the membrane, not protein pump
How is ATP synthase used in the process
it is an enzyme
high amounts of H+ want to go to stroma
works like a windmill, when H+ passes through it spins so fast and enough energy to ADP+P in to ATP. the other 2 molecules have already landed.
photosphorylation
chemiosmosis
chemisosmosis
The production of ATP using energy of Hydrogen Ion H+ gradient across membrane to phophorylate ADP
photosphorylation
the production of ATP using chemiosmosis during photosynthesis
what happens when electrons are lost from photosystem I
they are replaced by electrons from photosystem II. a small protein carries the electron from H+ channel to photosystem I. That;s excited electron
what is job of NADP reductase
it reduces NADP+ and H and makes them NADPH.
name the parts
describe photosynthesis light part 1
when a photon of light strikes the reaction center of photosystem II, It excites an electron, and breaks free.
2 water molecules bind to an enzyme near reaction center
describe photosynthesis light part 2
the enzyme splits the water and uses the electrons from the water to replace those removed from reaction center.
Oxygen is produced
describe photosynthesis light part 1
the primary electron acceptore for light energized electrons leaving photosystem II is plastiquanone.
the reduced plastiquanone passes the energized electron to H+ proton pump
describe photosynthesis light part 4
arrival of energetic electrons cause the pump to pump H+’is into thykaloid space and creating a proton gradient across membrane
photosynthesis light part 5
because membrane is impremiable to protons, they must go through channels
photosynthesis light part 6
As protons pass through, ADP is phosphorylated to ATP in stroma. called photophosphorlyastion
photosynthesis light part 7
when photosystem I absorbs a photon of light, its reaction center passes its high energy electrons to Ferrodoxin.
enzyme NADP reductase reduces NADP+ an H+ and forms NADPH
photosynthesis part 8
Electrons lost from photosystem I are replaced by electrons generated from photosystem II. Plastoquanine carries electrons from H+ channel to photosystem I
