Photosynthesis Flashcards
What is the equation for Photosynthesis?
6CO2 + 6H20 = C6H12O6 + 6 O2
Chloroplast function
Transforms light energy to Glucose Bond & Changes inorganic molecules into organic molecules
What are the two parts of chloroplasts?
Grana and Stroma.
What is the Grana?
It is a stack of thylakoid where a light reaction occurs transforming light energy into ATP.
Stroma?
Fluid filled where a dark reaction occurs, light independent reaction + glucose is made.
Where does Photosynthesis occur?
Leaves of Autotrophs
What are autotrophs?
Organisms that produce their own food
What’s a thylakoid?
A thylakiod contains chlorophyll pigment which converts light into ATP.
What is a thylakoid made up of?
Multiple proteins and chlorophyll.
What does oxidation mean
There is a loss of electrons & H
What are photons of Light?
Particles that carry light energy
Where do Light Dependent reactions occur?
Thylakoid Membrane
Where do Light independent reactions occur?
Stroma
What does the leaf reflect and absorb?
Reflects:Yellow and Green light
Absorbs: Red and Blue light
What is chlorophyll’s function?
Green pigment that absorb light energy in the thylakoid membrane
What happens to the rate of Photosynthesis as light intensity increases?
Increase then levels off
Why does the rate of Photosynthesis level off even as light intensity continues to increase?
All of the enzymes are saturated.
What happens to the rate of photosynthesis as carbon dioxide concentrations increase?
Increases then level off
Why does the rate of photosynthesis level off even when CO2 increases?
All enzymes in calvin cycle are fully saturated & dependent reactions go as fast as light independent reactions.
Is CO2 a reactant or product of Photosynthesis?
Reactant
What happens to the Rate of Photosynthesis as temprature increases and why?
Increases b/c molecular motion increases
Explain why the rate of photosynthesis decreases at high temp.
Enzymes Denature
What are Photosystems?
They are complexes of protein and pigment that are located in the thylakoid membrane that absorb light energy and excite electrons.
What are two types of Photosystems?
Photosystem one and photosystem 2
What is the primary function of Photosystem 2?
They capture photons and use the energy to initiate photolysis and extract the electrons to initiate the electron transport chain by exciting electrons.
What is photolysis?
It is used to replace the electrons lost in photosystem 2. It breaks down H2O into O2, H and electrons (it is used).
What is the Calvin cycle?
The reactions that synthesis glucose from CO2 that occur in the Stroma.
How is light energy transformed into NADPH? (9)
- LE is absorbed by PSI and PSII into accessory pigments
- Energy bounces from pigment to pigment (to dissipate heat)
- Targets the electron, exciting
- Transferred to primary e- acceptor
- e- goes down ETC
- Loses energy
- Re - energized by PSI
- Goes down ETC and transfers to NADP+
- NADP+ is reduced to NADPH
How is ATP used and ADP recycled?
ATP would donate a phosphate group to the calvin cycle to form ADP.
How is ATP synthesized in the Chloroplast?
H+ is activly pumped and passes through ATP synthase causing the protein to spin allowing ADP and a phosphate group to bind to form ATP.
What is the primary of photosystem 1?
Re excites/Re energizes electrons
