Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology > Meiosis > Flashcards

Meiosis Flashcards

1
Q

What is Meiosis?

A

A process that produces gametes that occurs in gonads, and ensures diversity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are gametes?

A

Its a haploid cell or sex cell (egg, sperm)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are gonads?

A

They are reproductive organisms that produce gametes (ovaries testes)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is meiosis composed of? (process)

A

Meiosis 1 & 2
(Occurs twice to produce 4 non-identical cells)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is Meiosis 1?

A

Separate pairs of homologous chromosomes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is meiosis one composed of? (steps)

A

PMAT ….
Prophase 1, Metaphase 1, Anaphase 1, Telophase 1.

PMAT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What happens in interphase 1?

A

Metabolic avtivities happen, the parent cell duplicates and one of them undergoes meiosis and others remain in gonads to prevent net loss of parent cells in meiosis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the parent cell?

A

They are diploid cells that undergo meiosis to produce non-identical haploid cells.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is synapsis?

A

Joining of homologous chromosomes, this forms a tetrad.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Definition of crossing over in Meiosis.

A

Exchanging of DNA between chromosomes to increase variation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What happens in Prophase 1?

A

Synapsis forms a tetrad, then chromosomes cross over, genetic material is exchanged and spindle fibers are formed.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Ok, I here all this talk about a tetrad, WHAT IS IT?

A

It is a group of 4 chromatid formed from synapsis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Ok ok then what happens in the next step, metaphase 1?

A

Law of independent assortment, chromosomes align at metaphase plate and spindle fibers attach to the centromeres.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Alright then what is the law of independent assortment?

A

Chromosome randomly align on metaphase plate. This allows random distribution of chromosomes to gametes which creates variation of daughter cells.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What happens in anaphase 1.

A

Separation of homologous chromosomes, which is known as the law of segragation and chromosomes move to opposite poles of the cell.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the Law of Segragation?

A

Homologous chromosomes move to opposite parts of the cell this reduces chromosome number in half and makes the cell a haploid.

17
Q

What is the telophase 1?

A

After chromosomes are at the poles, cells are still double chromosomes, the nuclear membrane reforms.

18
Q

What is the difference between meiosis 1 and 2?

A

In 2, in the interphase there are no doubling of chromosomes

19
Q

What occurs in interphase 2?

A

No doubling of chromosomes and cells temporalrily rest.

20
Q

What happens when the haploid cells are created?

A

Gametogenesis, Spermatogenesis, oogenesis.

21
Q

What is variation created by?

A

Crossing over, independent assortment, and segragation

22
Q

What happens if an egg isn’t fertilized?

A

It will not finish meiosis II and it will shed in menstruation.

23
Q

What causes mutations?

A

Mutagenic agents

24
Q

What are two things that may happen that would cause chromosome abnormality?

A

Nondisjunction, and crossing over errors.

25
Q

What are three types of nondisjunction?

A

Monosomy
Trisomy
Polypiody

26
Q

What about three types of crossing over errors?

A

Addition/deletion
Inversion
Translocation

27
Q

What is nondisjunction?

A

Homologous chromosomes that do not seperate

28
Q

What is monosomy?

A

1 chromosome pair in a cell instead of two

29
Q

What is trisomy?

A

3 chromosomes in a cell instead of one.

30
Q

What is polypiody

A

When an organism has more than 2 complete sets of chromosomes.

31
Q

What is addition/deletion?

A

Deletion-Missing genetic material in chromosome
Addition-Additional genetic material in chromosome.

32
Q

What is inversion?

A

Genes in the chromosome that get reversed.

33
Q

What is translocation?

A

Biology (25 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions