Phenytoin Flashcards
1
Q
What is the mechanism of action of phenytoin?
A
- Anticonvulsant
- Sodium channel blockade, reduced neuronal sodium conductance
- Anti-glutamatergic
- Prevents rapidly repetitive neuronal firing
2
Q
What are the risks associated with intravenous phenytoin administration?
A
Hypotension and bradycardia with rapid infusion (due to the diluent)
3
Q
Describe the elimination kinetics of phenytoin and why is it important clinically?
A
Zero-order kinetics at higher concentrations. This means that the drug accumulates and there is risk of toxicity.
4
Q
What are the common features of acute overdose / intoxication with phenytoin?
A
Nystagmus, ataxia, sedation, coma.
