pharmacodynamics Flashcards
pharmacodynamics
relationship between effect site concentration and clinical effect
pharmacokinetics
relationship between dose you administer and drugs plasma concentration over time
absorption, distribution, metabolism, elimination
concepts related to pharmacokinetics
pharmacobiphasics
rate constants between plasma and effect site
concepts related to pharmacodynamics
on the dose response curve, the x axis corresponds with
potency
efficacy and the dose response curve
height of plateau on y axis represents efficacy
higher plateau = greater efficacy
once plateau is reached, additional drug does NOT increase effect but will increase risk of toxicity
what does the slope on the dose response curve tell us
how many receptors must be occupied to elicit a clinical effect
steep slope means most receptors must be occupied before we observe a clinical response
once effect is observed, a small amount of drug can elicit a big response
ex) NMB’s and volatile anesthetics have a steep slope
label this graph
A: agonist
B: partial agonist
C: antagonist
D: inverse agonist
give an example of an inverse agonist
propanolol. binds to beta 1 receptor and decease cAMP
-binds to receptor and causes opposite effect of a full agonist
-has negative efficacy, activates receptor but does not produce second messenger in response
TI=
LD50/ED50
describe a racemic mixture
1 chiral carbon means theres 2 enantiomers
a racemic mixture contains two enantiomers in equal amounts
(the more chiral carbons = the more enantiomers)
examples of racemic mixtures
ketamine
thiopental
methohexital
isoflurane
desflurane
mepivicaine
prolocaine
bupiv
morphine
methadone
ibuprofen
ketorlac
