mock exam 3 Flashcards
examples of valveless circuits (open circuits) include
ayres t piece
ether mask
semi open circuits (with an APL valve) include
the maples series
bain circuit
jackson rees
the modified brice interview includes
- what was the last thing you remember before going to sleep?
- what was the first thing you remember after waking up?
- do you remember anything between going to sleep and waking up?
- did you dream during the procedure?
- what was the worst thing about your procedure?
do not straight up ask if they had awareness under anesthesia
for every inch above the heart, the real MAP is how many mmHg below what you see on the monitor?
2mmHg
placenta accreta
attaches to surface of myometrium
placenta increta
invades the myometrium (worse than accreta)
placenta precreta
worst. extends beyond uterus
charles’ law
pressure is constant
temperature and volume are directly proportional
V/T * P
boyles law
temperature is constant
volume and pressure are indirectly proportional
P*V * T
gay lussacs law
volume is constant
pressure and temperature are directly proportional
P/T * V
maximum tumescent dose of lidocaine (think liposuction)
35-55mg/kg
which components are present in cryprecipitate
fibrinogen
fibronectin
vWF
factor 8 (missing in hemophilia A)
factor 13
stop active cooling for the patient with MH when the core temperature decreases to
38-38.5c
maximum inflation pressure for LMA classic? (aka inflating the cuff)
60cmH2O
what happens to CVP, PAOP, PADP during LV failure?
CVP normal
PADP, PAOP increased
what happens to CVP, PAOP, PADP during RV failure?
increased CVP
PADP, PAOP normal
what happens to CVP, PAOP, PADP during pHTN?
increased CVP, PADP
normal PAOP
zone 3 for MRI is
MRi control room
zone 4 for MRI is
room with MRI scanner
what is the cause of radial nerve injury and how does it present
caused by external pressure at the spiral groove of the humerus. form surgical retractor or IV pole
presents as wrist drop
what is the cause of ulnar nerve injury and how does it present
caused by external pressure at the post condylar groove of the humerus
risk associated with pronated arm when patient is in supine position
presents as inability to oppose the 5th finger
pKa value of lidocaine
7.9
pKa value of bupivicaine
8.1
pKa value of chlorprocaine
8.7
pKa value of tetracaine
8.5
oxybarbiturates defining characteristic and examples
oxygen atom at the 2nd position
examples include methohexital, phenobarbital, secobarbitol
thiobarbiturates defining characteristic and examples
sulfur at the 2nd position (sulfur increases solubility and potency)
examples include thiopental and thiamylal
what should be removed for patients with MG?
thymus
can bronchial blockers be used in kids under 12
no
can bronchial blockers be used in patients with a tracheostomy?
yes
nerves most likely to be injured after incorrect lithotomy positioning include
sciatic
common peroneal
posterior tibial
saphenous
obturator
neuron order in spinothalamic tract
first order neuron: dorsal root ganglia
second order neuron: dorsal horn of the spinal cord
third order neuron: thalamus
steps involved in the synthesis of NE and EPI
- tyrosine to dopa via dopamine hydroxylate
- dopa to dopamine via dopa decarboxylase
- dopamine to NE via dopamine-beta-hydroxylase
- NE to EPI via phentolamine N methyltransferase
which kind of laser can cause damage to the cornea and what color glasses should we wear
carbon dioxide, clear glasses, cornea (not retina) c, c, c
block helpful for cancer patients who have pain in pelvic organ region
superior hypogastric plexus block
how long before surgical incision can vancoymycin be given?
2 hours, the only exception to the one hour rule
define henrys law
amount of gas dissolved in solution is directly proportional to the partial pressure of the gas over the solution
define grahams law
the rate of gas diffusion is inversely proportional to the square root of its molecular weight
what are the two laws incorporated into ficks law/equation
grahams law and henrys law
ficks law: the rate of transfer of gas through a tissue medium is directly proportional to
partial pressure difference (driving force)
diffusion coefficient (solubility)
membrane surface area
ficks law: the rate of transfer of gas through a tissue medium is indirectly proportional to
membrane thickness
molecular weight
in which situations can ficks equation be applied?
diffusion hypoxia
patient with COPD and reduced alveolar surface area
calculation of CO
arterial oxygen content equation
(1.34 * Hgb * SaO2) + (PaO2 * .03)
if hgb saturation is 100%, then it carries how many oxygen molecules?
2 O2 molecules (8 O2 atoms)
if hgb saturation is 75%, then it carries how many oxygen molecules?
3 O2 molecules (6 O2 atoms)
if hgb saturation is 50%, then it carries how many oxygen molecules?
2 O2 molecules (4 O2 atoms)
if hgb saturation is 25%, then it carries how many oxygen molecules?
1 O2 molecule (2 O2 atoms)
debakey classification
type 1 involves ascending and descending aorta
type 2 involves ascending aorta only
type 3 involves descending aorta only
stanford classification
type A involves ascending aorta and may or may not involve the descending aorta
type b involves the descending aorta only
crawford classification
I-V involve descending thoraco abdominal aorta
absolute contraindications to ECT therapy include
MI within 4-6 weeks
CVA within 3 months
intracranial surgery within 3 months
brain tumor
unstable cervical spine
pheochromocytoma
patient factors in favor of CEA include
intolerance of antiplatelet agents
severe renal impairment (contrast dye used for stenting)
patient factors in favor of carotid artery stenting include
CHF with EF 30%
CAD with unstable angina, stress test, or MI <1 month ago
valvular heart disease
severe obesity
contralateral RLN dysfx
aortic valve stenosis is considered severe when the valve orifice is less than
0.8cm^2 (normal 2.5-3.5)
