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Apex Flashcards > mock exam 2 > Flashcards

mock exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

pHTN is defined as mean PAP of _______ and PAOP of ________

A

25mmHg at least and a PAOP of no more than 15mmHg

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2
Q

when properly placed, the distal tip of the LMA will sit at the

A

cricopharyngeus muscle (upper esophageal sphincter)

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3
Q

max pressure for a pro seal LMA

A

30cmH2O

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4
Q

acute intrinsic restrictive lung disease can be caused by

A

aspiration pneumonia, pulmonary edema, ARDS

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5
Q

PaO2 equation

A

=FiO2 x (Pb-pH2O) - (PaCO2/RQ)

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6
Q

pulsus parvus

A

aortic stenosis

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7
Q

bisferiens pulse

A

aortic regurgitation

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8
Q

pulsus alternans

A

systolic LV failure

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9
Q

nitroprusside primarily works on

A

arteries and veins

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10
Q

NTG primarily works on

A

venues

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11
Q

what changes in SSEP suggest increased risk of nerve injury?

A

10% increase in latency
50% decrease in amplitude

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12
Q

loading dose=

A

(Vd x desired CP) / bioavailability

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13
Q

clearance is inversely proportional to

A

half life, concentration in central compartment

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14
Q

how to treat acute exacerbation of intermittent porphyria

A

glucose and heme arginate

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15
Q

what to avoid with acute intermittent porphyria (drugs)

A

all barbiturates and etomidate

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16
Q

nitrous oxide activates the

A

SNS. it increases BP, HR, and SVR

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17
Q

EMLA cream is a mixture of

A

2.5% lidocaine and 2.5% PRILOCAINE*

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18
Q

substantia gelatinosa resides in

A

rexed laminae II and III and in the dorsal horn

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19
Q

speed of local anesthetic uptake after injection from slowest to fastest (sites)

A

l

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20
Q

examples of hydrophilic opioids that remains in the CSF and increases block level

A

morphine, meperidine, hydromorphone

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21
Q

examples of lipophilic opioid that go from CSF to systemic circulation and limits the height of the block

A

fentanyl, sufentanil

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22
Q

mass spectrometry measures the concentration of an anesthetic by

A

bombarding the gas sample with electrons

23
Q

where is CSF reabsorbed?

A

arachnoid villi of the superior saggital sinus

24
Q

where is CSF produced?

A

choroid plexus of all 4 cerebral ventricles at a rate of 30mL/hour

25
Q

diseases that increase the risk of MH include

A

central core disease
minicore disease
king-den borough syndrome

26
Q

what is another name for intercristal line

A

tuffiers line (L4)

27
Q

what does PTT and PT look like in a pateint with hemophilia a

A

PTT prolonged, PT normal

28
Q

treatment to restore factor 8 deficiency in patients with hemophilia a includes

A

FFP, Cryo, factor 8 concentrate, recombinant factor 8

29
Q

hemophilia b patients lack which factor?

A

IX

30
Q

describe von willdesbrand factor issue

A

there are enough platelets but they do not function well in the absence of vWF (qualitative issue)

31
Q

what is the tx for vWF factor

A

DDAVP, factor 8

32
Q

examples of non gap metabolic acidosis causes include

A

diarrhea, renal tubular necrosis, excessive sodium chloride administration (due to loss of HCO3- or excessive chloride)

33
Q

the zone glomerulosa secretes

A

aldosterone

34
Q

the zona fasciculate secretes

A

cortisol

35
Q

the zona reticularis secretes

A

androgens

36
Q

what suggests a pre renal cause of oliguria

A

urine sodium <20mEq/L
fractional excretion of sodium less than 1%

37
Q

the renal cortex contains

A

glomerulus
proximal tubules
distal tubules

38
Q

the renal medulla contains

A

loop of henle
collecting ducts

39
Q

addisons disease is associated with

A

hypoadrenalism

40
Q

conns disease is associated with

A

hyperaldosteronism

41
Q

graves disease is associated with

A

hyperthyroidism

42
Q

average amount of irrigation absorbed during a TURP

A

10-30ml/min

43
Q

what does gastrin stimulate

A

pepsinogen secretion

44
Q

what does cholecystokinin stimulate

A

gallbladder contraction

45
Q

what does secretin stimulate

A

bile flow

46
Q

what does motion stimulate

A

upper GI motility

47
Q

if the fetus has polyhydraminos, you should be suspicious for

A

tracheoesophageal fistula

48
Q

in a full term pregnant patient, mac is reduced by

A

40%

49
Q

what pulmonary functions will increase during pregnancy?

A

tidal volume and inspiratory reserve volume

50
Q

Fahrenheit =

A

(C x 1.8) + 32

51
Q

Gay Lussac’s Law

A

volume is constant

52
Q

which nerve is responsible for plantar flexion

A

tibial nerve

53
Q

which nerve is responsible for dorsiflexion

A

peroneal nerve

Apex Flashcards (71 decks)

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