mock exam 2 Flashcards
pHTN is defined as mean PAP of _______ and PAOP of ________
25mmHg at least and a PAOP of no more than 15mmHg
when properly placed, the distal tip of the LMA will sit at the
cricopharyngeus muscle (upper esophageal sphincter)
max pressure for a pro seal LMA
30cmH2O
acute intrinsic restrictive lung disease can be caused by
aspiration pneumonia, pulmonary edema, ARDS
PaO2 equation
=FiO2 x (Pb-pH2O) - (PaCO2/RQ)
pulsus parvus
aortic stenosis
bisferiens pulse
aortic regurgitation
pulsus alternans
systolic LV failure
nitroprusside primarily works on
arteries and veins
NTG primarily works on
venues
what changes in SSEP suggest increased risk of nerve injury?
10% increase in latency
50% decrease in amplitude
loading dose=
(Vd x desired CP) / bioavailability
clearance is inversely proportional to
half life, concentration in central compartment
how to treat acute exacerbation of intermittent porphyria
glucose and heme arginate
what to avoid with acute intermittent porphyria (drugs)
all barbiturates and etomidate
nitrous oxide activates the
SNS. it increases BP, HR, and SVR
EMLA cream is a mixture of
2.5% lidocaine and 2.5% PRILOCAINE*
substantia gelatinosa resides in
rexed laminae II and III and in the dorsal horn
speed of local anesthetic uptake after injection from slowest to fastest (sites)
l
examples of hydrophilic opioids that remains in the CSF and increases block level
morphine, meperidine, hydromorphone
examples of lipophilic opioid that go from CSF to systemic circulation and limits the height of the block
fentanyl, sufentanil
mass spectrometry measures the concentration of an anesthetic by
bombarding the gas sample with electrons
where is CSF reabsorbed?
arachnoid villi of the superior saggital sinus
where is CSF produced?
choroid plexus of all 4 cerebral ventricles at a rate of 30mL/hour
diseases that increase the risk of MH include
central core disease
minicore disease
king-den borough syndrome
what is another name for intercristal line
tuffiers line (L4)
what does PTT and PT look like in a pateint with hemophilia a
PTT prolonged, PT normal
treatment to restore factor 8 deficiency in patients with hemophilia a includes
FFP, Cryo, factor 8 concentrate, recombinant factor 8
hemophilia b patients lack which factor?
IX
describe von willdesbrand factor issue
there are enough platelets but they do not function well in the absence of vWF (qualitative issue)
what is the tx for vWF factor
DDAVP, factor 8
examples of non gap metabolic acidosis causes include
diarrhea, renal tubular necrosis, excessive sodium chloride administration (due to loss of HCO3- or excessive chloride)
the zone glomerulosa secretes
aldosterone
the zona fasciculate secretes
cortisol
the zona reticularis secretes
androgens
what suggests a pre renal cause of oliguria
urine sodium <20mEq/L
fractional excretion of sodium less than 1%
the renal cortex contains
glomerulus
proximal tubules
distal tubules
the renal medulla contains
loop of henle
collecting ducts
addisons disease is associated with
hypoadrenalism
conns disease is associated with
hyperaldosteronism
graves disease is associated with
hyperthyroidism
average amount of irrigation absorbed during a TURP
10-30ml/min
what does gastrin stimulate
pepsinogen secretion
what does cholecystokinin stimulate
gallbladder contraction
what does secretin stimulate
bile flow
what does motion stimulate
upper GI motility
if the fetus has polyhydraminos, you should be suspicious for
tracheoesophageal fistula
in a full term pregnant patient, mac is reduced by
40%
what pulmonary functions will increase during pregnancy?
tidal volume and inspiratory reserve volume
Fahrenheit =
(C x 1.8) + 32
Gay Lussac’s Law
volume is constant
which nerve is responsible for plantar flexion
tibial nerve
which nerve is responsible for dorsiflexion
peroneal nerve
