Peritoneum and Peritoneal Cavity Flashcards
What is the serous membrane that lines the abdominal cavity and covers the abdominal organs?
Peritoneum
Fill in the blank: The peritoneum consists of a layer of ________.
Mesothelium
Identify the two layers of the peritoneum that enclose the abdominal organs.
Parietal peritoneum and visceral peritoneum
What is the potential space between the parietal and visceral peritoneum, containing a small amount of serous fluid?
Peritoneal cavity
Name the double-layered fold of peritoneum that connects organs to the abdominal wall, providing support and conveying vessels.
Mesentery
Fill in the blank: The mesentery primarily attaches to the ________ and carries blood vessels, nerves, and lymphatics.
Small intestine
What is the term for the mesentery that connects the transverse colon to the posterior abdominal wall?
Transverse mesocolon
Identify the mesentery that attaches the liver to the anterior abdominal wall and diaphragm.
Falciform ligament
What is the function of the greater omentum, a double layer of peritoneum that hangs like an apron from the stomach?
Fat storage, immune response, and insulation
Fill in the blank: The lesser omentum connects the ________ to the ________.
Liver; lesser curvature of the stomach
Name the two parts of the lesser omentum.
Hepatogastric ligament and hepatoduodenal ligament
What is the peritoneal reflection that connects the transverse colon to the posterior abdominal wall?
Transverse mesocolon
Fill in the blank: The sigmoid mesocolon anchors the sigmoid colon to the ________.
Posterior pelvic wall
What is the term for the reflection of the peritoneum over the bladder and uterus in females and the rectum in males?
Rectovesical pouch (males) or rectouterine pouch (females)
Identify the peritoneal reflection between the uterus and the rectum in females.
Rectouterine pouch
Fill in the blank: The peritoneal cavity is a ________ space.
Potential
What is the function of the peritoneal fluid in the peritoneal cavity?
Lubrication and reduction of friction between abdominal organs
Name the structure that marks the boundary between the greater and lesser sacs within the peritoneal cavity.
Omental foramen (epiploic foramen)
Fill in the blank: The lesser sac communicates with the greater sac through the ________.
Omental foramen (epiploic foramen)
What is the term for the space between the liver and the anterior abdominal wall, a subcompartment of the greater sac?
Subphrenic space
Identify the anatomical landmark that separates the greater and lesser sacs on the anterior aspect of the stomach.
Lesser omentum
Fill in the blank: The gastrosplenic ligament connects the stomach to the ________.
Spleen
What structure does the splenorenal ligament connect to the spleen?
Left kidney
Name the peritoneal reflection connecting the liver to the anterior abdominal wall and diaphragm.
Falciform ligament
