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Anatomy of The Abdomen > Living and Radiographic Anatomy of the Abdomen > Flashcards

Living and Radiographic Anatomy of the Abdomen Flashcards

1
Q

What are the nine regions of the abdomen?

A

Epigastric, umbilical, hypogastric/pubic, right hypochondriac, left hypochondriac, right lumbar, left lumbar, right iliac, left iliac.

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2
Q

What are the four quadrants of the abdomen?

A

Right upper quadrant, left upper quadrant, right lower quadrant, left lower quadrant.

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3
Q

What are the boundaries of the epigastric region?

A

Inferior margin of the costal cartilage of the 7th rib to the inferior margin of the costal cartilage of the 10th rib.

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4
Q

What are the boundaries of the umbilical region?

A

Inferior margin of the costal cartilage of the 10th rib to the superior margin of the iliac crest.

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5
Q

What are the boundaries of the hypogastric region?

A

Superior margin of the iliac crest to the pubic symphysis.

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6
Q

What are the boundaries of the right hypochondriac region?

A

Right costal margin to the inferior margin of the ribs.

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7
Q

What are the boundaries of the left hypochondriac region?

A

Left costal margin to the inferior margin of the ribs.

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8
Q

What are the boundaries of the right lumbar region?

A

Right lateral border of the rectus abdominis to the anterior axillary line.

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9
Q

What are the boundaries of the left lumbar region?

A

Left lateral border of the rectus abdominis to the anterior axillary line.

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10
Q

What are the boundaries of the right iliac region?

A

Right inguinal ligament to the anterior superior iliac spine.

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11
Q

What are the boundaries of the left iliac region?

A

Left inguinal ligament to the anterior superior iliac spine.

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12
Q

What are the layers of the abdominal wall?

A

Skin, superficial fascia, muscles, deep fascia, and peritoneum.

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13
Q

What are the muscles of the anterior abdominal wall?

A

Rectus abdominis, external oblique, internal oblique, and transversus abdominis.

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14
Q

What is the rectus sheath?

A

Fibrous sheath enclosing the rectus abdominis muscles.

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15
Q

What are the inguinal ligament and linea alba?

A

Fibrous bands extending from the anterior superior iliac spine to the pubic tubercle and midline abdominal fascia, respectively.

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16
Q

What are the superficial inguinal ring and deep inguinal ring?

A

Openings in the aponeurosis of the external oblique muscle.

17
Q

What is the inguinal canal?

A

Passage between the deep and superficial inguinal rings.

18
Q

What structures pass through the inguinal canal in males?

A

Spermatic cord structures (in males).

19
Q

What structures pass through the inguinal canal in females?

A

Round ligament of the uterus (in females).

20
Q

What are the contents of the spermatic cord?

A

Vas deferens, testicular artery, pampiniform plexus of veins, lymphatics, and nerves.

21
Q

What are the contents of the round ligament of the uterus?

A

Round ligament of the uterus.

22
Q

What is the peritoneum?

A

Serous membrane lining the abdominal cavity and covering the abdominal organs.

23
Q

What are the types of peritoneal folds?

A

Greater omentum, lesser omentum, mesentery, and mesocolon.

24
Q

What is the greater omentum?

A

Double-layered peritoneal fold attached to the greater curvature of the stomach.

25
Q

What is the lesser omentum?

A

Double-layered peritoneal fold attaching the liver to the lesser curvature of the stomach and the duodenum.

26
Q

What is the mesentery?

A

Double-layered peritoneal fold connecting the small intestine to the posterior abdominal wall.

27
Q

What is the falciform ligament?

A

Sickled-shaped ligament attaching the liver to the anterior abdominal wall and diaphragm.

28
Q

What is the ligamentum teres hepatis?

A

Fibrous remnant of the fetal umbilical vein running within the falciform ligament.

29
Q

What are the positions of the kidneys in the abdomen?

A

Retroperitoneal, with the right kidney slightly lower than the left.

30
Q

What are the radiographic landmarks for the abdominal organs?

A

Bones (ribs and vertebrae), gas-filled structures (stomach and intestines), and soft tissue densities (liver, spleen, kidneys, and bladder).

Anatomy of The Abdomen (28 decks)

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