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anat 316 > Pelvic Viscera > Flashcards

Pelvic Viscera Flashcards

1
Q

what is the pelvic girdle composed of?

A

sacrum, innominate bones, coccyx

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2
Q

what are the 3 bones fused together to make the innominate bone

A

ilim, ischium, and pubis

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3
Q

What are the 6 features of the innominate bone

A

Auricular surface, iliopectineal line, ischial tuberosity, symphyseal surface, ischial spine, oburator foramen
A
S
IT
IS
OF
IL
(as it is of il)
Auricular surface, symphyseal surface, ischial tuberosity, ischial spine, oburator foramen, iliopectineal line

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4
Q

Where is ischial spine on the innominate bone

A

posterior aspect

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5
Q

What is the sacral promontory

A

superior anterior ridge of sacrum

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6
Q

What are the sacral ala

A

“sacral wings”
Below the sacral promontory , below superior aspect of sacrum but above sacral foramina

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7
Q

What are the holes in the sacrum called?

A

anterior sacral foramina

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8
Q

what is the smooth area on the lateral sacrum that articulates with the ilium to make the sacroiliac joint called?

A

auricular surface of the sacrum

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9
Q

What are the sacroiliac joints btw

A

the auricular surfaces of the sacrum and the ilium

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10
Q

what is the symphysis pubis joint between?

A

symphyseal surfaces of left and right pubis

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11
Q

what is the posterior border of the pelvic inlet

A

sacral promontory

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12
Q

What is the posterior border of the pelvic outlet

A

coccyx

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12
Q

what are the anterior borders of the pelvis inlet?

A

symphysis pubis

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13
Q

what are the lateral posterior border of the pelvic inlet

A

sacral ala

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13
Q

what are the lateral anterior borders of the pelvic inlet

A

ileopectineal line

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14
Q

what is the lateral border of the pelvic OUTlet

A

ischial tuberosities

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15
Q

What is the anterior border of the pelvic outlet

A

symphysis pubis

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16
Q

where is the false pelvis?

A

superior to the pelvic inlet

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17
Q

where is the true pelvis

A

space between the pelvis inlet and outlet

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18
Q

what are the 2 different ways we can tell apart the male and female pelvis?

A
  1. subpubic angle (wider in females)
  2. Interspinous difference - distance btw ischial spines (larger in females)
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19
Q

what is the interspinous difference?

A

the distance btw the lateral borders of the pelvic inlet/ischial spines

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20
Q

Which pelvis is located btw the pelvic inlet and pelvic outlet

A

true pelvis

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21
Q

which pelvis contains pelvic viscera

A

true pelvis

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22
Q

what is the funciton of the pelvis diaphragm

A

support pelvic viscera

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23
Q

what marks inferior aspect of pelvic cavity

A

pelvic diaphragm

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24
Q

What are the 2 features of the pelvic diaphragm

A

urogenital hiatus and anal aperture

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25
Q

Which hiatus of the pelvic diaphragm is more anterior

A

urogenital hiatus

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26
Q

What 2 muscles make up the pelvic diaphragm

A

levator ani group and coccygeus

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27
Q

how many muscles in the levator ani group?

A

3

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28
Q

Which muscle in the pelvic inlet makes up the urogenital hiatus and anal aperture

A

levator ani group

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29
Q

which 3 muscles make up the levator ani

A

puborectalis, pubococcygeus, iliococcygeus

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30
Q

which muscle of the levator ani group is more anterior

A

puborectalis

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31
Q

which muscle of the pelvic diaphragm is the most posterior

A

ischiocyccgeus

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32
Q

Is the following pelvic viscera male, female, or both - vas deferens

A

male

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33
Q

Is the following pelvic viscera male, female, or both seminal vesicles

A

male

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34
Q

Is the following pelvic viscera male, female, or both ejaculatory ducts

A

male

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35
Q

Is the following pelvic viscera male, female, or both prostate gland

A

male

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36
Q

Is the following pelvic viscera male, female, or both bladder

A

both

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37
Q

Is the following pelvic viscera male, female, or both ureters

A

both

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38
Q

Is the following pelvic viscera male, female, or both sigmoid colon

A

both

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39
Q

Is the following pelvic viscera male, female, or both rectum

A

both

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40
Q

Is the following pelvic viscera male, female, or both uterus

A

female

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41
Q

Is the following pelvic viscera male, female, or both uterine tubes

A

female

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42
Q

Is the following pelvic viscera male, female, or both ovaries

A

female

43
Q

Is the following pelvic viscera male, female, or both vagina

A

female

44
Q

spacially what is the uterus relationship to the vagine

A

the uterus is superior to the vagina

45
Q

spacially what is the uterine tube to the uterus

A

the uterine tube is superiro to the uterus

46
Q

spacially what is the uterine tube to the ovary

A

the ovary is superior to the uterine tube

47
Q

what is the broad ligament

A

peritoneal covering for the female pelvis viscera, composed of double folds of the peritoneum with the mesometrium, mesovarium, and mesosalpinx

48
Q

what does the mesometrium cover

A

the uterus and the bladder

49
Q

what does the mesvarium do

A

suspends ovaries from uterine tubes

50
Q

what does mesosalpinx do

A

surrounds uterine tubes and drapes posteriorly

51
Q

what is the uterosacral ligament?

A

connects uterus to sacrum, suspends uterus in place

52
Q

what are the cardinal ligaments?

A

ligaments that span out laterally from uterus attaching the uterus to the sides of the pelvic cavity

53
Q

what is the pelvic inlet

A

marks the end of the abdominal cavity - hole in pelvis when looking superiorly

54
Q

what is the pelvic outlet

A

bottom of the pelvic cavity, hole in pelvis when looking inferiorly

55
Q

what is the round ligament of the pelvis

A

ligament that travels through the inguinal canal

56
Q

what is the isthmus

A

tissue that connects the fallopian tubes to the uterus

57
Q

what is the ampulla

A

widening of fallopian tubes

58
Q

what are the fimbriae

A

finger like attachments at the end of the fallopian tubes that scoops up eggs from the ovaris

59
Q

what is the infundibulum of the uterus

A

where the uterine tube begins just after the ovary

60
Q

what are the functions of the ovaries

A

to produce ova and to secrete estrogen and progesterone

61
Q

mesovarium function

A

suspends ovary from the uterine tube

62
Q

what does the suspensory ligament of the ovary do?

A

attaches each ovary to the pelvic side wall

63
Q

What do the ovarian ligaments do

A

connect each ovary to the side of the uterus

64
Q

ovaries are ____ (relational) to the uterus

A

ovaries are superior to the uterus

65
Q

where does the vagina begin?

A

at the external os of the cervix

66
Q

what does the protrusion of the cervix create?

A

fornixes

67
Q

What is the relationship of the vagina to the bladder

A

the vagina is posterior to the bladder

68
Q

what is the relational relationship of the seminal vesicles to the prostate gland?

A

the seminal vesicles are superior to the prostate gland

69
Q

What is the relationship of the seminal vesicles to the ejaculatory ducts

A

the seminal vesicles are superior to the ejaculatory ducts

70
Q

what is the relationship of the ductus deferens to the prostate gland

A

the ductus deferens are superior to the prostate gland

71
Q

what is the relationship of the bladder to the ductus deferens

A

the ductus deferens is inferior to the bladder

72
Q

What is the relationship between the bladder and the prostate gland?

A

the bladder is superior to the prostate gland

73
Q

what is the relationship btw the cervix and the bladder

A

the bladder is anterior and inferior to the cervix

74
Q

where are the seminal vesicles in relation to the bladder

A

the seminal vesicles are on the posterior surface of the bladder

75
Q

What is the relationship btw the seminal vesicles and the ductus deferens

A

the seminal vesicles are lateral to the ductus deferns

76
Q

what is the function of the seminal vesicles?

A

to store and produce fluid that makes up the majority of semen q

77
Q

What forms the ejaculatory ducts?

A

the seminal vesicles and ductus deferens

78
Q

where supplies the ejaculatory ducts?

A

the prostate gland

79
Q

what is the prostatic utricle

A

a structure that contracts to widen the openings of the ejaculatory ducts

80
Q

what is the relationship of the sigmoid colon to the bladder

A

the sigmoid colon is superior to the bladder

81
Q

what is the relationship of the rectum to the bladder

A

the rectum is posterior to the bladder

82
Q

what is the relationship of the sigmoid colon to the rectum?

A

the sigmoid colon is superior to the rectum

83
Q

what portion of the colon is the sigmoid colon

A

the distal end of the colon

84
Q

how is the rectum related to the anal canal

A

the rectum is continous with the anal canal

85
Q

What are the flexures of the rectum

A

sacral flexure and anorectal flexure

86
Q

how many folds does the rectum have?

A

3 transverse folds

87
Q

what is the path of the ureters once they leave to the kidneys (renal pelvis)

A

once they exit the renal pelvis, the ureters travel inferiorly passing behind the gonadal vessel and in front of the psoas major - next they pass infront of the iliac vessels (going over the bifurcaion of the common iliac vein) and enter the posterior aspect of the bladder

88
Q

what are the ureterc orfices of the bladder?

A

located posteriorly, where the ureters dump their urine

89
Q

what is the internal urethral orfice?

A

opening of bladder to urethra

90
Q

IN MALES symphysis pubis is x to the prostate gland

A

anterior

91
Q

IN MALES bladder is x to the prostate gland

A

anterior

92
Q

IN MALES the seminal vesicles are x to the prostate gland

A

posterior

93
Q

IN MALES the pelvic diaphragm is X to the prostate gland

A

inferior

94
Q

IN FEMALES uterus is X to the bladder

A

superior

95
Q

IN FEMALES the vagina is X to the bladder

A

posterior

96
Q

IN FEMALES pelvic diaphragm is X to the bladder

A

infeior

97
Q

IN FEMALES the symphysis pubis is X to the bladder

A

anterior

98
Q

To get to the uterus, blood goes from the abdominal aorta to

A

common iliac artery to the internal iliac artery to the uterine artery

99
Q

to get to the ovaries, blood goes from the abdominal aorta to

A

the right and left ovarian arteries

100
Q

to get from the rectum blood goes from the abdominal aorta to

A

the IMA to the superior rectal artery OR from the abdominal aorta to the internal iliac artery to the middle and inferior rectal arteries

101
Q

what is the sympathetic innervation of the pelvic viscera

A

preganglionic neurons in L1 and L2 to the inferior mesenteric ganglion or the inferior hypogastric plexus to finally the pelvic viscera (from either the ganglion or the plexus)

102
Q

sympathetically, how does the pelvic viscera prevent urination

A

inhibit the bladder, excite the internal urethral sphincter

103
Q

sympathetically, how does the pelvic viscera prevent defecation

A

by inhibiting peristaltic contraction and exciting internal anal sphincter

104
Q

what does sympathetic innervation do for uterine contraction?

A

excites it

105
Q

what is the pathway for parasympathetic innervation of pelvic viscera?

A

preganglionic neuron S2 S3 S4 exit the spinal cord and become pelvic splanchnic nerves that innervate pelvic viscera

106
Q

what does parasympathetic innervation inhibit

A

internal urethral sphincter, internal anal sphincter, and uterine contraction

107
Q

what does parasympathetic innervation excite

A

the bladder and peristaltic contraction

anat 316 (22 decks)

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