Pelvic mass EZ Flashcards
This test is usually diagnostic for fibroids
Ultrasound
but you can do MRI for more precise location
Exudate seen in ovarian cancer ascites
Protein rich
This gene is associated with breast cancer and ovarian cancer
BRCA 1 & 2
This gene is associated with
- colorectal cancer
- endometrial cancer
- ovarian cancer
HNPCC
Risk factors for ovarian cancer
- nulliparity
- increasing age
- family history
Which commonly prescribed medication is protective against ovarian cancer?
OCP
Ovarian cancer tumour markers
CA 125
CEA (carcinogenic-embryonic antigen)
Does a normal level of CA 125 exclude cancer?
No
CEA is often raised in ovarian cancer, which type of tumour particularly?
Mucinous
Main function of measuring CEA?
To exclude mets from GI primary
i think CEA is mildly elevated in ovarian cancer but massively elevated in GI cancers
How do you calculate the risk of malignancy index?
Serum 125 x menopausal status x ultrasound findings
Treatment of ovarian cyst/mass
- removal/drainage if likely benign
- otherwise, removal of ovaries and uterus with removal/biopsy of omentum, ‘debulking’ of tumour and complete examination/inspection of all peritoneal surfaces
- chemotherapy may be given pre-surgery or after surgery
What could cause an acute presentation of pelvic mass?
- cyst ‘accident’ (rupture, haemorrhage into cyst, torsion)
- fibroid degeneration
When is fibroid (red) degeneration seen?
- peri-menopause
- pregnancy
After ultrasound, which imaging modality would you use for suspected ovarian cancer?
CT
