Menstrual Disorder Flashcards
When does luteolysis occur?
14 days post ovulation
How many days does menstrual loss usually last for?
4-6
Menstrual flow peaks at which days?
Days 1-2
Term for: prolonged and increased menstrual flow?
Menorrhagia
Term for regular intermenstrual bleeding
Metrorrhagia
Menses occurring at less than 21 day interval
Polymenorrhoea
Increased bleeding and frequent cycle
Polymenhorrhagia
Prolonged menses and intermenstrual bleeding
Menometrorrhagia
What is menometrorrhagia?
Prolonged menses and intermenstrual bleeding
Absence of menstruation > 6 months
Amenorrhoea
Menses at intervals of >35 days
Oligomenorrhoea
Difference between organic and non-organic causes of menorrhagia
Organic = presence of pathology Non-organic = absence of pathology (50% of causes, also known as dysfunctional uterine bleeding)
What is adenomyosis?
Glandular tissue within the myometrium (like endometriosis but wrong layer)
What causes ovulatory dysfunctional uterine bleeding?
Due to inadequate progesterone production but corpus luteum
What happens due the luteal phase?
The corpus luteum forms and progesterone is produces. Luteolysis occurs 14 days post-ovulation
What is the hormone of pregnancy?
Progesterone (Monica told me this)
How much blood is usually lost in a period?
less than 80mls, no clots
Bleeding disorders that could cause menorrhagia?
Von Willebrand’s disease
ITP
Factor deficiencies
Endocrine disorders that could cause menorrhagia
Hyper/hypothyroidism
Diabetes
Adrenal disease
Prolactin disorders
Which is more common - anovulatory or ovulatory dysfunctional uterine bleeding? (DUB)
Anovulatory 85%
When does anovulatory DUB occur and when does ovulatory DUB occur?
Anovulatory - extremes of age, irregular cycle
Ovulatory - women aged 35-45 years. REGULAR heavy periods
Who is more likely to suffer anovulatory DUB?
Obese women
Investigations for DUB
- full blood count
- cervical smear
- TSH
- coagulation screen/clotting tests
- renal/liver function tests
- transvaginal ultrasound scan
- endometrial sampling
First line management for dysfunctional uterine bleeding?
-progesterone containing IUCD (mirena coil)
Surgical managment of DUB?
- endometrial resection/ablation
- hysterectomy
