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Uworld Step 2 > Pediatrics 6, 8 > Flashcards

Pediatrics 6, 8 Flashcards

1
Q

When is a lymph node a concerned finding

A
  • greater than 2 cm
  • firm, immobile nodes
  • signs of systemic illness
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2
Q

Erythema infectiosum?

A
  • fifth disease

- parvovirus B19

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3
Q

what is a rapid specific test for infectious mononucleosis

A

heterophile antibody test (monospot)

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4
Q

Bordetella pertussis patients can develop what?

A

lymphocytosis

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5
Q

what are the 3 phases of Bordetella pertussis

A
  1. catarrhal
  2. paroxysmal
  3. convalescent
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6
Q

what happens in the paroxysmal phase of Bordetella pertussis

A
  • paroxysms of coughing

- posttussive emesis

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7
Q

who should receive post exposure prophylaxis with varicella exposure

A

all nonimmune, asymptomatic, healthy patient age 1 year or greater

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8
Q

Most common cause of osteomyelitis in both infants and children

A

Staphylococcus aureus

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9
Q

frequent cause of osteomyelitis in patients with sickle cell anemia

A

Salmonella

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10
Q

Most common pathogen for acute, unilateral cervical lymphadenitis in children is?

A

Staph aureus

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11
Q

bilateral subacute-chronic lymphadenopathy along with systemic symptoms such as fever, pharyngitis, and hepatosplenomegaly

A

Epstein-Barr virus

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12
Q

Who accord salmonella enteritidis

A

reptiles

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13
Q

Most common causes of acute bacterial rhinosinusitis

A
  • streptococcus pneumoniae

- Haemophilus influenzae

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14
Q

Treatment of choice for bacterial rhinosinusitis

A

Amoxicillin-Clavulanic acid

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15
Q

when do antistreptolysin O antibodies peak?

A

month after streptococcal infection

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16
Q

how do you confirm strep in a child

A
  • rapid streptococcal antigen testing

- throat culture

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17
Q

The most common predisposing factor for acute bacterial sinusitis is

A

viral upper respiratory infection

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18
Q

what should be suspected in any ill patients, especially those with a febrile paroxysms, who have traveled to an endemic-tropical region? and what should be ordered

A
  • malaria

- thick and thin blood smears

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19
Q

Fever, toxicity, pharyntitis, sandpaper-like rash, circumoral pallor and strawberry tongue

A

Scarlet fever

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20
Q

what is herpangina and what causes it

A

throat infection

- Coxsackie A

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21
Q

Patients with croup and stridor at rest ( moderate to severe croup) should be treated how

A
  • corticosteroids and nebulizer epinephrine
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22
Q

Pain with extra ocular movements, visual impairment, and ophthalmoplegia

A

orbital cellulitis

23
Q

Dangerous complications of orbital cellulitis

A
  • orbital abscess
  • intracranial infection
  • cavernous sinus venous thrombosis
24
Q

Difference between perceptual cellulitis and orbital cellulitis

A

preseptal: infection of eyelid anterior to orbital septum
orbital: infection of posterior to the orbital septum

25
Q

Most common cause of viral meningitis

A

non-polop enteroviruses

  • echoviruses
  • coxsackievirus
26
Q

what is the most appropriate way to limit the risk of infection in household contacts with someone with Bordetella pertussis

A

prophylaxis is recommended for all close contacts despite vaccination, give macrolide

27
Q

children who present with fever, dysphagia, inability to extend neck, muffled voice and lateral x-ray showing a widened prevertebral space

A

retropharyngeal abscess

28
Q

most common pathogen isolated in infants and young children with cystic fibrosis

A

Staphylococcus aureus

29
Q

most common cause of cystic fibrosis pneumonia in adults and contributes to life-threatening decline in pulmonary function

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

30
Q

complications associated with orbital cellulitis and not perceptual cellulitis

A
  • diplopia
  • decreased visual acuity
  • ophthalmoplegia
31
Q

United states, most common source of rabies

A

bats

32
Q

treatment for pasteurella multocida

A

Amoxicillin and clavulanate

33
Q

what causes laryngomalacia

A

collapse of supraglottic structures during inspiration

- infectious symptoms are not seen

34
Q

Most common cause of sepsis in patients with sickle cell disease

A

Streptococcus pneumoniae

35
Q

Patients with sickle cell should receive what until at least age 5

A

prophylactic penicllin

36
Q

what is herpangina

A

vesicles on the hard palate

37
Q

what should be suspected in paroxysmal cough and possessive emesis

A

Pertussis

38
Q

Triad of congenital rubella syndrome

A
  • sensorineural hearing loss
  • cardiac defects
  • cataracts
39
Q

Congenital syphilis presents with what in contention infection

A
  • jaundice, hepatosplenomegaly, blueberry muffin spots, and growth restriction
  • more specific findings: copious rhinorrhea and maculopapular rash that may desquamte or become bulls
40
Q

patient with acute fever, joint pain, turbid synovial fluid, and neutrophil-predominant leukocytosis

A

septic arthritis

41
Q

can you give intra-articular corticosteroid injection for septic arthritis

A

nope

42
Q

what are the most common cause of acute unilateral lymphadenitis in children,

A

staphlyococcus arueus

Streptococcus pyogenes

43
Q

most common causes of neonatal sepsis

A

Group B streptococcus

E. coli

44
Q

painful pustules and honey-crusted lesions

A

non-bullous impetigo

45
Q

treatment for non-bulbous impetigo for localized infection

A

topical mupirocin

46
Q

First line treatment for enterobius vermicularis

A
  • Albendazole and pyrantal pamoate
47
Q

when is maternal-fetal transmission of rubella teratogenic

A

first-trimester

48
Q

a neonate has what following umbilical stump infection

A

neonatal tetanus

49
Q

what is and what causes posterior oropharyngeal vesicles/ulcerations?

A

herpangina caused by coxsackie viral infection

50
Q

who is doxycycline contraindicated in

A
  • children less than 8 years

- pregnant women

51
Q

treatment of choice for lyme disease for pregnant women and children less than 8

A

Amoxicillin

52
Q

complication of mumps

A

aseptic meningitis and orchitis

53
Q

what is a neonate with temperature instability ( fever or hypothermia), poor feeding and lethargy.

A

neonatal sepsis

Uworld Step 2 (30 decks)

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