Block 63, 64: cardio Flashcards
define pulseless electrical activity
organized rhythm on cardiac monitoring without a measurable blood pressure or palpable pulse in a cardiac arrest patient
clinical symptoms of supravalvlar aortic stenosis
- unequal carotid pulses
- differential blood pressure in upper extremities
- palpable thrill in suprasternal notch
systolic anterior motion of mitral valve in patients who have
hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy
supravalvular aortic stenosis have angina during exercise, why?
increased myocardial oxygen demand
Beck’s triad
hypotension
distended neck veins
muffled heart sound
Decreased cardiac contractility is seen in patients who have
systolic heart failure
Beck’s triad is diagnostic for what? what causes these symptoms
cardiac tamponade
- shift of interventricular septum toward left ventricular cavity
what causes the patient’s dyspnea and weakness in cardiac tamponade
decreased left ventricular preload
what are pathologicial causes of exterional syncope
- v tachs
- outflow obstruction
when do you see prominent capillary pulsations in the fingertips or nail beds
aortic regurgitation
history of recent upper respiratory tract infection followed by sudden onset of cardiac failure in otherwise healthy person suggests
dilated cardiomyopathy, secondary to acute viral myocarditis
what is performed in patients with cardiac tamponade for diagnosis and management
echocardiography
what is pulmonary capillary wedge pressure in PE
low to normal
single photon emission CT scan of heart at rest and during stress shows what? treatment
can show ischemia
- anti platelet
treatment for Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome who develop atrial fibrillation with RVR
cardioversion
Procainamide
diagnosis for intermittent coronary artery vasospasm? treatment?
prinzmetal angina
- calcium channel blocker ( diltiazem, amlodipine)
PE finding for mesenteric ischemia
severe preumbilical abdominal pain
prolonged ‘PR’ interval
first degree heart block
‘F’ waves
atrial flutter
treatment for first degree AV block
observation
captopril radionuclide renal scan can diagnose
renovascular disease or renal artery stenosis
irregularly irregular, narrow complex tachycardia, fine fibrillatory waves
a fib.
when do you defibrillate a patient
ventricular fibrillation
pulseless ventricular tachycardia