Block 72: Neurology

Question 1

what causes normal pressure hydrocephalus

Answer 1

decrease in CSF absorption

Question 2

What causes Parkinsonism

Answer 2

• overactivity of cholinergic neurons

- underactivity of dopaminergic neurons in substangia nigra

Question 3

waddling gait seen in

Answer 3

muscular dystrophy

Question 4

CSF for Guillain-Barre

Answer 4

elevated proteins

everything else is normal

Question 5

what should you suspect in a young obese female with a headache that is suggestive of a brain tumor, but with normal neuroimaging and elevated CSF pressure

Answer 5

Pseudotumor cerebri (idiopathic intracranial hypertension)

Question 6

Treatment for pseudotumor cerebri

Answer 6

weight reduction

acetazolamide

Question 7

How is the variant of frontotemporal dementia differentiated from other dementing illnesses

Answer 7

early personality changes
compulsive behaviors
earlier stage of onset
strong hereditary component

Question 8

when looking at a CT which side the patients right and left

Answer 8

left side of CT is patient’s left

Question 9

hemiplegia

Answer 9

paralysis of one side of body

Question 10

acute exacerbation of MS with disabling neurologic symptoms are treated with? 2nd line?

Answer 10

glucocorticoids

- plasmaphersis

Question 11

Chronic maintenance therapy in MS patients with relapsing-remitting or secondary, progressive forms of MS

Answer 11

interferon beta or glatiramer

Question 12

role of Baclofen

Answer 12

muscle relaxant

Question 13

what are lewy bodies

Answer 13

eosinophilic intracytoplasmic inclusions

Question 14

progressive bilaterally symmetric hearing loss (high-pitch) with subjective tinnitus, advanced age, and absence of other neurologic signs suggest

Answer 14

presbycusis (age-related hearing loss)

Question 15

vertigo, unilateral tinnitus, sensorineural hearing loss

Answer 15

acoustic neuroma

Question 16

Vertigo, tinnitus, sensorineural hearing loss

Answer 16

Meniere disease

Question 17

progressive conductive hearing loss with a normal otoscopic examination

Answer 17

otosclerosis

Question 18

• Loss of pain and temperature over ipsilateral and contralateral body
• ipsilateral bulbar muscle weakness
• vertigo/nystagmus
• ## Horner’s syndrome

Answer 18

Wallenberg syndrome

Lateral medullary infarct

Question 19

mini mental status exam has a score of what for dementia

Answer 19

24/30

Question 20

acute painless monocular vision loss that persists for several hours

Answer 20

central retinal artery occlusion

Question 21

fundoscopy for central vein occlusion

Answer 21

• dilated and tortuous veins , scattered and diffuse hemorrhages
• disk swelling

Question 22

Progressive mulitfocal leukoencaphalopathy

Answer 22

JC virus

Question 23

patient with Parkinsonism experiences orthostatic hypotension, impotence, incontinence or other autonomic symptoms

Answer 23

multiple system atrophy

Question 24

riley-Day Syndrome

Answer 24

Ashkenazi jewish ancestry

- severe orthostatic hypotension